Pengujian Daya Hasil dan Ketahanan Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri Tanaman Padi Hibrida

ABSTRACT Hybrid rice varieties is an alternative technology to improve productivity of low land rice. The results of previous studies have identified and found the male sterile lines Wild Abortive type and Kalinga are resistant to bacterial leaf blight pathotype III, IV and VIII. The objectives of the research were to obtain information on agronomic characters, yield evaluation, genetic parameters, and repeatability information. The experiment was conducted in two locations namely Muara and Indramayu experimental stations. The design used was a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replication at each site. Each replicate consisted of 17 hybrid rice and three check varieties. The results from locations showed that genotype BI485A/BP1 (IR53942) has the highest yield of 5.8 ton ha-1. The coefficient of genetic and phenotypic diversity of six agronomic characters was low. The repeatability for seven character observed were low, except for days to flowering. The scoring value of bacterial leaf blight disease in Indramayu showed that nine genotypes exhibit resistance. Keywords: cytoplasmic male sterile lines, disease resistance

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Yield, Reaction to Diseases, and Grain Physical Attributes of Some Introduced Rice Hybrids in Ghana

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2019/3926765 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Samuel Oppong Abebrese ◽

Alex Yeboah ◽

Wilson Dogbe ◽

Paul Kofi Ayirebi Dartey ◽

Richard Akromah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Yield Components ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Rice Production ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Physical Attributes

Hybrid rice technology is one of the promising, sustainable, and proven technologies for increasing rice production and productivity with a yield advantage of 15–30% over modern inbred varieties. The potential of hybrid rice has so far not been exploited in Ghana. This study was undertaken to evaluate the yield potential, reaction to diseases, and physical grain attributes of some introduced hybrids. The trials were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates across three locations. Data were taken on grain yield, yield components, reaction to diseases, and grain physical characteristics. Four promising hybrids (SWARNA 2, ARGH 1501, ARGH 1502, and ARGH 1503) with a mean yield advantage of 15–20.8% over the best inbred check “AgraRice” were identified. With few exceptions, the hybrids were broadly adapted and had adequate resistance to blast and bacterial leaf blight. Most of the test hybrids had long slender grains which make them acceptable to the Ghanaian market but lacked aroma.

Download Full-text

INDUKSI KETAHANAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI PADA TANAMAN PADI DI LAPANGAN MENGGUNAKAN RIZOBAKTERI INDIGENOS

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.11457-63 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 57-63

Author(s):

Andi Khaeruni ◽

Abdul Rahim ◽

Syair Syair ◽

Adriani Adriani

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Resistance ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Vegetative Plant ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Blight Disease ◽

Important Disease

ABSTRACTInduced resistance to bacterial leaf blight disease in rice field by indigenous rhizobacteria. Bacterial leaf blight is the most important disease on paddy at Southeast Sulawesi. Utilization of biological agents that induce plant resistance is an alternative tool to control bacterial leaf blight disease on paddy. The aim of the experiment was obtain rhizobacteria that were able to stimulate the growth of paddy plants as well induce plant resistance towards bacterial leaf blight in the field. All experiment units were arranged with a factorial design in a randomized complete block design. The first factor was the rhizobacteria isolates, consisting 4 treatments, i.e: without rhizobacteria (R0), isolate P11a (R1), isolate PKLK5 (IR2), and mixture P11a and PKLK5 (R3), the second factor is paddy varieties, (V1): IR64 variety, (V2): Cisantana variety. The pathogen was inoculated on leaf when 45 day after crop. Weekly observation of disease severity, vegetative plant growth (leaf and stem numbers), and yield were conducted. The results showed that the 10 isolates of rhizobacteria tested were able to induce plant resistance toward bacterial leaf blight, stimulated vegetative growth as well as increased yield of paddy plant. Rhizobacteria application could increase the resistance of paddy toward Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The application rhizobacteria could increase the vegetative plant growth, application mixture P11a and PKLK5 isolates showed higher resistance than single application in terms of plant growth and yield, both IR64 and Cisantana varietes

Download Full-text

KETAHANAN BEBERAPA GENOTIPE PADI TERHADAP PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI (XANTHOMONAS ORYZAE PV. ORYZAE)

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.215152-163 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 152 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wira Hadianto ◽

Lukman Hakim ◽

Bakhtiar .

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Resistance Reaction ◽

Rice Genotypes ◽

Blight Disease ◽

Screen House

The resistance rice genotypes against bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae). The research was conducted to analyze genotypes of rice that were resistant to bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease. The experiment was conducted at the screen house of Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh from February to October 2014. This experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with 73 treatments and 3 replications. IR-BB27 and IR-64 were used as control of resistant and susceptible varieties to BLB, respectively. The result showed that the bacterial isolates tested were virulent. The longest incubation period found in Limboto, Inpari 10, Situ Patenggang, Sirendeh Semantuk Wayla, Tamboen, Sepasie, Bontok and Arias. Genotypes Inpari 1, Limboto, Tuwoti, Inpari 10, Lekat Rambot Linuet, Rom Mokot, Paki Gajah, Tamboen, Bo 100, Sipasie, Bo Minyek, Bontok, Sirendeh Semantuk Wayla and Sambei showed resistance reaction to bacterial leaf blight disease.

Download Full-text

Penggunaan Pestisida Biorasional untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri pada Tanaman Padi

Proceedings Series on Physical & Formal Sciences ◽

10.30595/pspfs.v2i.187 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 145-149

Author(s):

Agus Nurawan ◽

Yati Haryati ◽

Kiki Kusyaeri Hamdani

Keyword(s):

Serratia Marcescens ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Bacillus Firmus ◽

West Java ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Blight Disease

Bacterial leaf blight can cause rice loss between 15-80%. Biorational pesticides can be an alternative to controlling the disease. Bacillus firmus, Burkholderia sp, and Serratia marcescens against bacterial leaf blight on rice plants in the field. The study was conducted in Maret-Juni 2014 in the land of the Independent Farmers Group, Cipeuyeum Village, Haurwangi District, Cianjur Regency, West Java. The design uses a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments consist of: 1) Mekongga + biorational, 2) Inpari 14 + biorational, 3) Sintanur + biorasional, 4) Mekongga + without biorational, 5) Inpari 14 + without biorational, and 6) Sintanur + without biorational. The results of the study showed that the application of biorational pesticides can reduce the intensity of bacterial leaf blight disease. Sintanur varieties with the application of biorational pesticides produce higher and higher R / C ratios of 6.81 tons ha-1 and 2.79.

Download Full-text

Improved bacterial leaf blight disease resistance in the major elite Vietnamese rice cultivar TBR225 via editing of the OsSWEET14 promoter

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0255470 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0255470

Author(s):

Phuong Nguyen Duy ◽

Dai Tran Lan ◽

Hang Pham Thu ◽

Huong Phung Thi Thu ◽

Ha Nguyen Thanh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Agronomic Traits ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Rice Cultivar ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Transcription Activator ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Sugar Transporters ◽

Blight Disease ◽

Mutant Lines

TBR225 is one of the most popular commercial rice varieties in Northern Vietnam. However, this variety is highly susceptible to bacterial leaf blight (BLB), a disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) which can lead to important yield losses. OsSWEET14 belongs to the SWEET gene family that encodes sugar transporters. Together with other Clade III members, it behaves as a susceptibility (S) gene whose induction by Asian Xoo Transcription-Activator-Like Effectors (TALEs) is absolutely necessary for disease. In this study, we sought to introduce BLB resistance in the TBR225 elite variety. First, two Vietnamese Xoo strains were shown to up-regulate OsSWEET14 upon TBR225 infection. To investigate if this induction is connected with disease susceptibility, nine TBR225 mutant lines with mutations in the AvrXa7, PthXo3 or TalF TALEs DNA target sequences of the OsSWEET14 promoter were obtained using the CRISPR/Cas9 editing system. Genotyping analysis of T0 and T1 individuals showed that mutations were stably inherited. None of the examined agronomic traits of three transgene-free T2 edited lines were significantly different from those of wild-type TBR225. Importantly, one of these T2 lines, harboring the largest homozygous 6-bp deletion, displayed decreased OsSWEET14 expression as well as a significantly reduced susceptibility to a Vietnamese Xoo strains and complete resistance to another one. Our findings indicate that CRISPR/Cas9 editing conferred an improved BLB resistance to a Vietnamese commercial elite rice variety.

Download Full-text

IDENTIFICATION OF WIDE COMPATIBILITY VARIETIES IN SOME TROPICAL JAPONICA RICE

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v6n1.2005.p28-31 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 28 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Hairmansis ◽

Hajrial Aswidinnoor ◽

Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas ◽

Suwarno Suwarno

Keyword(s):

Hybrid Rice ◽

Block Design ◽

Hybrid Sterility ◽

Japonica Rice ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Major Barrier ◽

F1 Hybrid ◽

Tropical Japonica ◽

Wide Compatibility ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

The F1 hybrid sterility in indica/japonica crosses is the major barrier in developing hybrid rice varieties between these two diverse germplasm. The sterility problem in japonica/indica hybrids can be overcome by using wide compatibility genes. The objective of this study was to identify wide compatibility varieties (WCVs) in some tropical japonica rice. Twenty five tropical japonica varieties as male parents were crossed with indica (IR64) and japonica (Akitakomachi) testers as female parents. The crosses were planted following a randomized complete block design with three replications. Varieties having average spikelet fertility of more than 70% with both the indica and japonica testers were rated as WCVs. Result from this study showed that six tropical japonica varieties were classified as WCVs, i.e., Cabacu, Grogol, Kencana Bali, Klemas, Lampung Lawer, and Napa. Hybrid sterility is caused by partial sterility of male and female gametes. The WCVs from the present study can be used in hybrid rice breeding program to solve hybrid sterility in indica/japonica hybrids.

Download Full-text

Seleksi Lapang Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas Padi terhadap Infeksi Hawar Daun Bakteri Strain IV dan VIII

Buletin Plasma Nutfah ◽

10.21082/blpn.v17n2.2011.p80-87 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 80 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lina Herlina ◽

Tiur S. Silitonga

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Resistance Reaction ◽

Index Of Severity

Field Selection on Several Rice Varieties for Resistance to Bacterial Leaf Blight strain IV and VIII. Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) on rice (Oryza sativa) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is the major obstruction for rice production. Powerful strategy to control BLB is generally conducted by planting resistant plant. Meanwhile, the main way to explore germplasm as the source of resistance gene is conducted by selection a wide rice varieties. Field selection for resistance to BLB on 150 rice-varieties (BB-Biogen collection) was conducted in 2009 in Cianjur. Three leaves and flag leaves of individual hills at vegetative and flowering stage were inoculated by clipping the leaf tip with scissors which had been connected with a suspension bottle of bacterial cells (109- 1010 cells/ml) of the isolates which represented bacterial groups (strain) IV and VIII, respectively. Each plant was inoculated with one race. Two weeks after inoculation, length of the lesion developed on the inoculated leaf was measured, as an index of severity of infection by BLB. This experiment was treated as Factorial-Randomized Completed Block Design (two factor-with 3 replications, respectively). The resistancyreaction to strain IV and VIII was observed as the variable tested, while the factors measured consists of plant-varieties and two bacterial strains. The results showed that 11 varieties with a resistance-reaction to Xoo strain IV, inwhich 5 varieties poses a consistent resistance-reaction, i.e: Pulu Bolong, Pelopor, Gombal, Barito and Kapuas. While resistancereaction to Xoo strain VIII obtained only one variety : IR42 (score-1), while 17 others showed intermediate resistancy (score-3). AbstrakPenyakit hawar daun bakteri (HDB) yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pada padi (Oryza sativa) merupakan faktor pembatas upaya peningkatan produksi padi. Pencarian gen-gen tahan terhadap HDB sangat diperlukan untuk pengendalian penyakit tersebut. Seleksi ketahanan terhadap HDB dilakukan di Cianjur pada MT 2009 terhadap 150 varietas padi koleksi Bank Gen, BB-Biogen. Isolat Xoo yang diuji adalah strain IV dan VIII. Inokulasi dilakukan dua kali, yaitu pada fase vegetatif dan generatif dengan cara menggunting 3-5 cm dari ujung daun dan daun bendera dengan gunting yang telah dihubungkan dengan botol berisi suspensi Xoo strain IV dan VIII (109-1010 sel/ml). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah acak kelompok faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Sebagai varietas pembanding tahan digunakan IRBB7 dan pembanding rentan varietas Kencana Bali. Reaksi ketahanan tertinggi terhadap Xoo strain IV ditunjukkan oleh 11 varietas terpilih dengan reaksi agak tahan, lima varietas di antaranya menunjukkan reaksi yang konsisten agak tahan, yaitu varietas Pulu Bolong, Pelopor, Gombal, Barito, dan Kapuas. Reaksi &lsquo;tahan&rsquo; terhadap Xoo strain VIII ditunjukkan oleh satu varietas introduksi IR42. Untuk varietas terpilih dengan reaksi &lsquo;agak tahan&rsquo; terdapat 17 varietas.

Download Full-text

Combined Genetic Analysis of Brown Spot (Helminthosporium oryzae) Disease for Developed Hybrid Combinations and their Parental Lines in Hybrid Rice

Sustainable Food Production ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/sfp.1.37 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 37-48

Author(s):

Mostafa Mamdouh Elshenawy ◽

Walid Hassan Elgamal ◽

Galal Bakr Anis ◽

Fatma Awad

Keyword(s):

Hybrid Rice ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Block Design ◽

Brown Spot ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Genetic Components ◽

Female Line ◽

Parental Lines ◽

Helminthosporium Oryzae

This experiment was carried out at the Farm of Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt during three rice grown seasons from 2014-2016. Three cytoplasmic male sterile lines, two wild abortive type (WA); IR69625A, IR70368A and one (K-type) K17A as females were tested with seven rice genotypes Giza 178, Giza 179, Giza 181,Giza 182, Sakha 105, GZ 6296-12-1-2-1-1 and HR195R as testers using line x tester model of hybridization. The parental lines and their resulting (21F1crosses) were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) experiment having three replications during 2015 and 2016 growing seasons and surrounded by susceptible rice varieties i.e. Giza 171, Giza 177 and Giza 159 as natural infection to brown spot (Helminthosporium oryzae). Three brown spot acceptability traits; disease severity (%), infected leaves (%) and infected grains/panicle (%) were observed during this investigation. The combined data was calculated over both seasons to test the interaction of the different genetic components. According to the results, the male parents Giza178, Giza179, HR195, Giza 181 and Giza 182 could be utilized either for producing new hybrid combinations or for developing new parental lines in brown spot resistance program. The female line K17A was found to have a good combiner to brown spot resistance. Evaluation of hybrids for heterosis breeding based on mean performance, better-parent (BP %) and mid-parent heterosis (MP %) indicated that, out of 21F1hybrid rice combinations, one hybrid K17A x Giza182 found significantly desirable values for most brown spot traits and can be utilized as commercial hybrids resistant to brown spot disease.

Download Full-text

KETAHANAN DUA PULUH SATU VARIETAS PADI TERHADAP PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.29168-173 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 168-173

Author(s):

Heru Adi Djatmiko ◽

Fatichin Fatichin

Keyword(s):

Incubation Period ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Resistant Variety ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Environment Friendly ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Resistant Varieties

Resistance of twentyone rice varieties to Bacterial Leaf Blight. Bacterial leaf blight is one of the most important diseases of rice plants. Resistant Variety is one of safe, effective, and environment friendly alternative controls to suppress the bacterial leaf blight on rice. The objectives of this research were to find the most resistant varieties against bacterial leaf blight, and to study the yield of inoculated rice varieties. The research was carried out experimentally. This experiment was arranged in Randomized completely block design with 22 treatments and three replicates. Varieties of IR64 as control for susceptible varieties. Observed Variables were incubation period, disease intensity, seed weight per panicle, and seed weight per hills. The result of this research showed that variety IR 70 was the most resistant variety to bacterial leaf blight. Variety having highest yield was Rojolele with seed weight per hill was 31.17 g.

Download Full-text

Karakter Agronomi dan Ketahanan Beberapa Galur Pelestari Dihaploid terhadap Hawar Daun Bakteri

Buletin Plasma Nutfah ◽

10.21082/blpn.v17n2.2011.p88-95 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 88

Author(s):

Iswari S. Dewi ◽

Indrastuti A. Rumanti ◽

Bambang S. Purwoko ◽

Triny S. Kadir

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Agronomic Characters ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Wet Season ◽

Productive Tiller

Agronomic Characters and Resistance of Several Dihaploid Maintainer Lines to Bacterial Leaf Blight. Bacterial blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Xoo) is one of the most serious diseases of rice in Indonesia. From previous research thirteen lines of dihaploid (DH) maintainer lines-derived anther culture were selected for developing cytoplasmic male sterile lines. In this research those DH maintainers were evaluated for their agronomic characters such as plant height, number of productive tiller, and seed weight per hill as well as their resistance to Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) pathotypes III, IV and VIII at Indonesian Center Rice Research (ICRR), Sukamandi during wet season 2008/2009. The results showed that 10 DH maintainer lines i.e. BioMAc18-H36-3-Ma, BioMAc19-H36-3-Mb, BioMAc20- H36-3-Mc, BioMAc21-H36-4-M, BioMAc26-B1-1-Mb, BioMAc29-B2-1-Db, BioMAc31-B2-1-M, BioMAc33-B2-4- Pb, BioMAc34-B4-1-Da and BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc having plant height ranged from 88.79-104.08 cm, productive tiller ranged from 9 to 13 tillers/hill. Among those DH maintainer lines three lines were resistant to BLB pathotype III, i.e. BioMAc26-B1-1-Mb, BioMAc29-B2-1-Db and BioMAc31- B2-1-M lines, and two lines, i.e. BioMAc21-H36-4-M and BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc were highly resistant to BLB pathotype VIII. Only BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc lines highly resistant to BLB pathotype IV. AbstrakHawar daun bakteri yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, (Xoo) adalah salah satu penyakit utama padi di Indonesia. Dari penelitian sebelumnya 13 galur pelestari dihaploid (DH pelestari) yang berasal dari kultur antera telah diseleksi untuk perakitan galur mandul jantan baru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi karakter agronomi dan ketahanan galur-galur DH pelestari terhadap patogen HDB. Karakter agronomi yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif, dan bobot hasil per rumpun, sedangkan ketahanan terhadap HDB diamati berdasarkan skor ketahanan terhadap Xoo patotipe III, IV dan VIII di Balai Penelitian Padi, Sukamandi pada musim hujan 2008/2009. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 10 galur DH pelestari, yaitu galur BioMAc18-H36-3-Ma, BioMAc19-H36-3-Mb, BioMAc20- H36-3-Mc, BioMAc21-H36-4-M, BioMAc26-B1-1-Mb, BioMAc29-B2-1-Db, BioMAc31-B2-1-M, BioMAc33-B2-4- Pb, BioMAc34-B4-1-Da, dan BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc mempunyai tinggi tanaman berkisar antara 88,79-104,08 cm, anakan produktif berkisar antara 9-13 batang/rumpun. Di antara galur DH pelestari yang tahan terhadap HDB patotipe III, yaitu galur BioMAc26-B1-1-Mb, BioMAc29-B2-1-Db dan BioMAc31- B2-1-M, dua galur yaitu galur BioMAc21-H36-4-M dan BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc sangat tahan terhadap HDB patotipe VIII, sedangkan galur BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc yang sangat tahan terhadap HDB patotipe IV.

Download Full-text