HUMAN TRAFFICKING, EXPLOITATION AND VIOLENCE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliia Kiziun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Trafficking In Human Beings ◽  
The Impact

This article is devoted to the study of problematic issues related to combating trafficking in human beings, exploitation and violence, as one of the most dangerous and highly profitable forms of international organized crime. Considerable attention is paid to the impact and analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic and international anti-trafficking legislation. Suggestions and recommendations are made, based on the conclusions made, on the necessary measures to combat trafficking in human beings during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Human Trafficking – Between Punishable Human Rights Violations and Decriminalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-292
Author(s):  
Anja Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Trafficking In Human Beings ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Human Rights Based Approach ◽  
Opposite Tendency

The necessity of combating human trafficking is often justified by the violation of human rights of the victims of human trafficking. Criticism has, however, repeatedly been voiced that the victim-centred, human rights-based approach has not been consistently applied - because, in reality, state interests in effectively combating (organized) crime and securing borders against illegal migration take precedence. An opposite tendency criticizes the criminalization of human traffic on the grounds that human rights are not violated in every case within the definition of human trafficking, and criminalization is inappropriate in such cases. Furthermore, various parties point out that there is little empirical data on trafficking in human beings, and the available data is unreliable. This contribution aims to provide an overview of these issues and argue in favour of a nuanced examination of phenomena covered by the legal definition of human trafficking.

COMBATING TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS: APPROACH OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (04) ◽  
pp. 234-236
Author(s):  
Fidan Dilqem Hajizade ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Monitoring Mechanism ◽  
Trafficking In Human Beings ◽  
International Trafficking

The 2005 Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings is open for signature not only by Member States of the Council of Europe, but also non-members of the Council of Europe. This Convention is comprehensive treaty mainly focused on the protection of victims of trafficking in human beings and ensure of their rights. It also aims at preventing human trafficking as well as prosecuting perpetrators. The provisions of this Convention are applied to all forms of trafficking: both national and international trafficking and whether or not it is related to organized crime. The Convention protects the rights of women, men and children who have been subjected to any form of exploitation (sexual exploitation, forced labor, services, etc.). Moreover, the Convention provides an independent monitoring mechanism to control the implementation of the provisions of the Convention. Key words: Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings, Council of Europe, GRETA, exploitation, implementation, victims of human trafficking

scholarly journals PROTECTION OF VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW AND FOREIGN STATES

2016 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Олеся Сакаева ◽  
Olesya Sakaeva
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Trafficking In Human Beings ◽  
Trafficking Victims ◽  
Human Rights Based Approach ◽  
Gender Specific

The article deals with the tendency of establishment of human-rights-based gender-specific and child-centred approach to the preventing and combating trafficking in human beings. Comparative analysis of the norms of universal and regional international acts in the field of the combating trafficking in human beings shows that norms on the victims’ protection are primarily dispositive and the features of their implementation are left to national legislators. The role of the national referral mechanisms is emphasized because these mechanisms help to prevent illegal immigrants from posing as trafficking victims. The author hopes that humanizing tendency of contemporary international law on the whole and human-rights-based approach to the combating trafficking in human beings as its part will be growing; and holistic approach will be implemented by all countries in order to make the fight against human trafficking effective.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Environmental Degradation On Human Health And Its Relevance To The Right To Health Under International Law

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Maryam Ishaku Gwangndi ◽  
Yahaya Abubakar Muhammad ◽  
Sule Musa Tagi
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

When natural habitats are destroyed or natural resources are depleted the environment is degraded. Environmental degradation results from factors such as urbanisation, population growth, intensification of agriculture, rising energy use and transportation, climate change, pollutions arising from many sources such as technological activities. It is explored that as a result of the dynamic interplay of socio-economic factors and technological activities amongst many other factors, these have devastating consequences on human health. Thus environmental degradation consequences affect the health and the right to health of the people. Using the doctrinal method of research, we examine the confluence of environmental degradation and health from a rights perspective. An unhealthy environment possess health hazards consequently a violation of the right to health. The article recommends that states’ obligation under international law to protect the right to health should be enforceable. Human beings are entitled to right to health even as the environment needs to be protected from activities which cause environmental degradation.

scholarly journals Trafficking in Human Beings: Made and Cut to Measure? Anti-trafficking Docufictions and the Production of Anti-trafficking Truths

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiril Sharapov ◽  
Jonathan Mendel
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Trafficking In Human Beings ◽  
Media Imagery ◽  
Video Makers ◽  
Conceptual Work

This article responds to Gozdziak’s (2015: 30) call to explore how the knowledge that informs public debates about human trafficking is generated. Media imagery and narratives play a significant role in constructing both knowledge and ignorance. This article reflects on the construction of such knowledge by analysing how anti-trafficking docufiction videos from the Unchosen competition dramatize trafficking. We draw on Goffman’s (1974) work on frames to analyse how these videos present a simplified interpretation of reality, where certain constructed aspects of trafficking and exploitation are represented by video-makers as illustrating the general. In doing so, we highlight how anti-trafficking docufictions help efface everyday exploitation. The article contributes both to the empirical research on the construction of knowledge about trafficking, and to critical conceptual work on (anti)trafficking, exploitation and ignorance. It is part of a broader project to challenge exceptionalizing and individualizing representations of human trafficking – aiming to engage better with everyday exploitation.

scholarly journals Overview of the Characteristics of the Albanian Organized Crime - Development Trends Over the Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Ina Rama
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
The Impact

The paper aims to describe in general terms some features of the Albanian organized crime, considering its evolution over the years, either in terms of the way its groups are organized or in terms of the type and field of its activity.  Regarding he content of the paper, by the term of the “Albanian organized crime” should be considered, the organizations of Albanian speaking groups, which cross the borders of the Albanian state and extend to other Albanian territories. They apparently, show similar characteristics and forms concerning their organization as that among the Albanians citizens. The first part of the paper describes the features of the Albanian organized crime based on the characteristics related to the nature and culture of the country or typologies that have accompanied the behavior of Albanians towards illegal activities and that have distinguished them from other groups within the same category. The paper emphases the idea of ​​the important impact that has had the historical context in which the country has passed through, on the typology of this type of crime as well as, the influence of political and economic factors in the foundation and development of these criminal groups. The paper provides a description of the impact and importance of Albanian organized crime in the frame work of the organized crime that exists in Italy and in other countries of the region as well as, the impact that these groups have in relation to each other. In particular, the paper has addressed the typology and developments that have followed the Albanian organized crime over the years, in terms of criminal activity in the field of drug trafficking, providing data on the type of drugs that are cultivated and marketed in the country and also the role that this type of criminality has played in frame work of balkan route. The characteristics of organized crime in the area of arms trafficking are also addressed in a special way, reflecting some of its known features and specifics that comes as a result from consulting the open source data. The characteristics of organized crime are also summarized regarding the criminal activity carried out in the area of trafficking in human beings, especially those whose, as origin country is Albania. The paper closes with a citation of criminal activities which, although not yet dominant in the field of Albanian organized crime activity, have begun to be more and more present, becoming an important issue in the focus of foreign law enforcement agencies.   Received: 2 May 2021 / Accepted: 15 June 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021

scholarly journals New challenges in the problem of combating human trafficking in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (44) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Larysa Danylchuk ◽  
Danylo Yosyfovych ◽  
Yaroslav Kohut ◽  
Yuliia Todortseva ◽  
Petro Kozyra
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Trafficking In Human Beings ◽  
Scientific Fields

The article presents the author’s results of theoretical and empirical analyzes of challenges in combating human trafficking in Ukraine. Theoretical analysis showed that human trafficking is an interdisciplinary problem and is represented by a number of studies by scientists in various scientific fields in the domestic and foreign scientific space. It has been established that currently there is no research on new challenges in combating human trafficking in Ukraine. Empirical analysis of new challenges in combating trafficking in human beings in Ukraine was carried out through the implementation of a polygon study and interpretation of the results. The obtained data outline new challenges in the problem of combating human trafficking in Ukraine, such as: use for selfish purposes, forced donation, trade in biological/genetic material, reproductive programs/surrogacy. The results suggest that the new challenges in combating human trafficking in Ukraine are a real platform for transnational crime. It was stated that such circumstances require strengthening of international cooperation in combating transnational human trafficking, legal regulation and improving the domestic legal framework with systematic and full informing of Ukrainian people about consequences and new challenges in combating human trafficking.

scholarly journals Human Trafficking in Thailand in Perspective of Human Rights Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-514
Author(s):  
Natalia Sihotang ◽  
Channarong Wiriya
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Transnational Crime ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Transit Country ◽  
Trafficking In Human Beings ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Government

Trafficking in human beings is increasingly due to the greatest gain of the perpetrators. Human trafficking is a global humanitarian problem. With the involvement of many countries, both as a country of origin, destination and transit country, making this problem more complex. The complexity of the problems is increasing as the neighbors and organized transnational crime networks are organized. Thailand is one of the transit countries, sources, and destinations for international human trafficking. These conditions led to the Government of Thailand began to realize the urgency of the dangers of human trafficking. This problem is increasingly complex because human trafficking is related to child and female prostitution.

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