ADAPTABILITY OF THORNY PLUM VARIETIES IN THE MIDDLE URALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
M. G. Isakova
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Plum Varieties

The purpose of attracting thorny plums (Prunus domestica subsp. insititia (Jusl.) Schneid) into the study is to obtain promising forms as a resource for creating adaptive varieties of the genus Prunus for the Middle Urals. In total, the genetic collection included the study of 42 varieties of thorny plums bred by the Sverdlovsk Horticultural Breeding Station, other scientific institutions, and folk breeding. The article contains data on the thorny plum varieties: Tagil, Iset (breeding of the Sverdlovsk Station), Ermak, Sergo(folk breeding) for the study period 2011-2020. The biological and economic assessment of new thorny plum varieties of is given. According to phenological observations, the varieties were characterized by a late flowering period (III decade of May) (which makes it possible to avoid recurrent frosts more often) and by a late ripening of fruits (III decade of September). As a result of a long-term assessment in cold winters (2010/11, 2011/12, 2013/14), it was found that the degree of freezing did not exceed two points, which characterized the varieties as winter-hardy. The yield for 10 years of fruiting averaged 95.7-139.2 c/ha. The maximum yield was obtained for the Tagil (388.3 c/ha in 2013) and Ermak (319.7 c/ha in 2011) varieties. Varieties Ermak, Sergo are classified as selffertile, varieties Tagil, Iset — as partially self-fertile. Fruit weight was 9-11 g. Fresh fruit tasting: Tagil, Ermak — 4.2 points, Iset, Sergo — 4.4 points. Evaluation of natural juice of varieties of thorny plums — 4.5 points, jam — 5 points. The varieties Tagil, Ermak, Iset, Sergo had high rates of chemical composition, including dry soluble substances — 18.90-21.34 %, anthocyanins — 211.80 — 335.03 mg/100 g, which determines their high value. The studies carried out indicate the prospects of introducing the thorny plum into the culture in the Middle Urals. Varieties Tagil, Ermak, Iset, Sergo can be recommended for production, amateur gardening, as well as sources of adaptive and economic traits for further breeding use.

Results of variety study of black currant collection in the Middle Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
E. M. Chebotok
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Stable Yield ◽  
Late Maturation ◽  
Research Period

Long-term results of the variety study of black currant collection in the Middle Urals are presented. The purpose of the work was to study the collection fund of black currant on economically useful features. The peculiarities of weather conditions during the research period 2012-2018 are described, and phenological observations are presented. Based on the results of four years of study, varieties with high productivity, large-fruited, with high taste qualities of berries, resistant to Septoria and Bud mite were revealed. Varieties with economically useful features were identified: Spas for high productivity and large-fruiting, very late maturation; Voevoda, Kazkova, Kozatska, Podarok Ilinoy, Sofievska, Udalec, Shaman — for high and stable yield, high commodity qualities of berries; Bariton, Ben Alder, Udalets, Shaman - for resistance to Bud mite.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SOME GOOSEBERRY VARIETIES REGARDING ADAPTABILITYIN THE MIDDLE URALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
N.S. Yevtushenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Fruit Character ◽  
Crop Varieties

This paper discusses the observation data on 23 gooseberry varieties on 4 fruiting seasons (2016-2019) under the conditions of the Middle Urals. The varieties were evaluated in terms of adaptive and economic charac-ters: winter hardiness, frost resistance, productivity, drought resistance, and large-fruit character. The observa-tions and counts were carried out according to the “Pro-gram and methodology for the study of fruit, berry and nut-bearing crop varieties”. Two gooseberry varieties Berill and Avangard stood out with good adaptation to the Middle Urals and high levels of economic characters (freezing -up to 2.0 score points; average productivity -1.1-2.2 kg per bush; average fruit weight -3.6-3.8 g; low spinosity of shoots). The varieties Shershnevskiy, Seyanets Lefora, Eridan, Demidovskiy, Stanichniy, Kolobok, Kuybyshevskiy Chernoplodniy showed good adaptability; the maximum freezing was within 2.0 points; the general condition of plants at the end of study -4 points.Under good precipita-tion, the varieties Demidovskiy, Uralskiy Vinograd, Kolobok, Berill, Avangard and Serenada showed genetical-ly inherent large-fruit character (the average berry weight -over 5.0 g; the maximum -6.1-8.2 g).

scholarly journals ‘Tais’: a new pear cultivar for the Middle Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
G. N. Tarasova ◽  
L. А. Kotov ◽  
D. D. Telezhinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
The State ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Main Task ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Pear Cultivar ◽  
Variety Trials

Expanding the assortment through the development of new highly adaptable cultivars is the main task of pear breeding in the Middle Urals. The most significant agronomic traits are winter hardiness, high fruit yield, and good fruit quality. The zoned pear assortment for the Middle Urals includes six cultivars. Six more cultivars now undergo the State Variety Trials. One of them is the new pear cultivar ‘Tais’ (breeding number DL-33-104), the result of crossing Dyuymovochka × Zhanna d’Ark. Cv. ‘Tais’ has been in variety studies at Sverdlovsk Horticultural Breeding Station (Yekaterinburg) since 2006. The new cultivar is characterized by good winter hardiness and productivity. The average yield at the age of 10–14 years is 9.42 tons per hectare, while the maximum yield is 19.81 t/ha. Fruits are yellow, with a good sweet taste, weighing 94 g. The content of dry matter is 11.9%, sugars 9.0%, and titratable acids 0.4%. According to the results of long-term research, the new pear cultivar ‘Tais’ was submitted to the State Variety Trials in 2017.

scholarly journals ASYMMETRY OF BREAM SKELETON BILATERAL FEATURES IN THERMOELECTRIC POWER STATIONS BASIN-COOLERS IN THE MIDDLE URALS

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Vadim Yurievich Baranov
Keyword(s):  
Fluctuating Asymmetry ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Directional Asymmetry ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Thermal Power Stations ◽  
Bream Abramis Brama

The article analyzes the bilateral structures asymmetry of bream Abramis brama (Linnaeus, 1758) populations in pilot reservoirs (lake Shitovskoye, pond Sylvinskiy) and populations of impact basin-coolers of the thermal power stations (lake-reservoir Isetskoye, reservoir Reftinskoye) in the Middle Urals, which was carried out using 27 non-metric skeleton features. The non-metric features analysis was implemented on 4 bream paired head bones. 10 dentale features, 4 operculum features, 7 praeoperculum features and 6 pteroticum features were studied. There has been calculated the dispersion of directional DA 2, fluctuating FA 2, total asymmetry TA 2 and the values of asymmetry indices FAnm . The fluctuating asymmetry FA 2 is found to contribute the most part (72-84 %) to the total asymmetry ТА 2 of bilateral features. The share of dispersion of directional asymmetry DA 2 in the dispersion of total asymmetry TA 2 is 16-28%. Intergroup differences between control and impact bream samples in the dispersion of directional asymmetry DA 2 was not significant ( p > 0.001). Significant increase in the dispersion of fluctuating asymmetry FA 2 and the values of individual asymmetry indicators FAnm have been identified in impact bream populations of thermal power station basin-coolers ( p < 0.001). The increased level of fluctuating asymmetry indirectly indicates destabilization of the bream morphogenesis in long-term habitat under thermal and chemical pollution. The results of the study can be used for organizing and conducting the environmental monitoring to assess the condition of bream populations in technologically disturbed reservoirs

The first results of isotopic (U-Pb, ID-TIMS) dating of individual zircon grains from dolerite dikes of the Eastern zone of the Urals

LITOSFERA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-230
Author(s):  
V. N. Smirnov ◽  
K. S. Ivanov ◽  
T. V. Bayanova
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Geochemistry ◽  
Early Carboniferous ◽  
Dynamic Mode ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Volcanic Complex ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Electron Multiplier ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Eastern Zone ◽  
First Results

Research subject. The article presents the results of dating two dolerite dikes differing in geochemical features from a section along the Iset river in the area of Smolinskoe settlement (the Eastern zone of the Middle Urals). Materials and methods. The dating was performed by an U-Pb ID-TIMS technique for single zircon grains using an artificial 205Pb/235U tracer in the laboratory of geochronology and isotope geochemistry of the Geological Institute of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The lead isotopic composition and uranium and lead concentrations were measured using a Finnigan-MAT (RPQ) seven-channel mass spectrometer in dynamic mode using a secondary electron multiplier and RPQ quadrupole in ion counting mode. Results. The dikes were dated 330 ± 3 Ma and 240 ± 2 Ma. Conclusions. The research results indicate different ages of dolerite dikes developed within the Eastern zone of the Middle Urals. The oldest of the two established age levels corresponds to the Early Carboniferous era. This fact, along with the proximity of the dolerites to the petrochemical features of the basaltoids of the Early Carboniferous Beklenischevsky volcanic complex, allows these bodies to be considered as hypabyssal comagmates of these volcanics. The youngest obtained age level – Triassic – indicates that the introduction of some dolerite dikes was associated with the final phases of the trapp formation developed rarely within the eastern outskirts of the Urals and widely further east in the foundation (pre-Jurassic basement) of the West-Siberian Plate.

scholarly journals Productivity, pathogenicity, host range, and spore mass-propagation of local strain of Mattesia sp. isolated from insect cadavers of certain stored grain pests in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlam Ahmed Alfazairy ◽  
Yasien Mohamed Gamal Zedan El-Abed ◽  
Hanan Mohamed Ramadan ◽  
Hedaya Hamza Karam
Keyword(s):  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Spore Yield ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Spore Mass

AbstractAverage yields of Mattesia spores (spore productivity) had varied from a minimum yield (0.17 × 107 spores) for Laemophloeus turcicus adult to a maximum yield (7.46 × 107 spores) for Plodia interpunctella larva. Comparatively, the highest increase in Mattesia spore yield, recorded from P. interpunctella larva (7.46 × 107 spores) over the lowest one, estimated for L. turcicus adult (0.17 × 107 spores), was nearly 44-fold. The increase in Mattesia spore yields that calculated from the other hosts (P. interpunctella pupa or moth; Galleria mellonella larva; Rhyzopertha dominica adult; Sitophilus zeamais), over that estimated for L. turcicus adult, was less than 10-fold (6–9-fold). Based on the weight of 1 g of the insect host infected with Mattesia sp., small stored grain insect hosts (e.g. L. turcicus, S. zeamais, and R. dominica) seemed to achieve Mattesia spore yields more than the larger ones (e.g. P. interpunctella). The increase in spore yields over that used for the inoculum, based on an average of 25 P. interpunctella larvae per bioassay container, was ca. 2 to 31-fold. These results revealed that the Indianmeal moth, P. interpunctella, could serve as a potential host for mass propagating the isolated entomopathogenic protozoan, Mattesia sp. Besides Mattesia larval mortality, survivors of Mattesia infection suffered deformities and noticeable undersized pupae or adults than the control ones. Also, many copulated moths (ca.46%) were unable to become separated after copulation until they had died. Bioassay of siftings, obtained from L. turcicus-protozoan-infected stock cultures, was carried out in order to emphasize the suppressive potent role of such protozoan entomopathogens in long-term storage. With the highest tested concentration of the studied siftings (10%), mortality responses due to Mattesia infection ranged from 13 to 68% at 14–169 days post-treatment. The corresponding figures for Adelina infection were 7–42%.

scholarly journals Higher Temperatures Decrease Fruit Size in Strawberry Growing in the Subtropics

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Christopher Menzel
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Solids Content

Five strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars were grown in Queensland, Australia to determine whether higher temperatures affect production. Transplants were planted on 29 April and data collected on growth, marketable yield, fruit weight and the incidence of small fruit less than 12 g until 28 October. Additional data were collected on fruit soluble solids content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) from 16 September to 28 October. Minimum temperatures were 2 °C to 4 °C higher than the long-term averages from 1965 to 1990. Changes in marketable yield followed a dose-logistic pattern (p < 0.001, R2s = 0.99). There was a strong negative relationship between fruit weight (marketable) and the average daily mean temperature in the four or seven weeks before harvest from 29 July to 28 October (p < 0.001, R2s = 0.90). There were no significant relationships between SSC and TA, and temperatures in the eight days before harvest from 16 September to 28 October (p > 0.05). The plants continued to produce a marketable crop towards the end of the season, but the fruit were small and more expensive to harvest. Higher temperatures in the future are likely to affect the economics of strawberry production in subtropical locations.

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