FEATURES OF CHILD-PARENT RELATIONS IN FAMILIES RAISING CHILDREN WITH COMPLEX DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Shevchuk V.V.
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Parental Attitude ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Parent Relationships ◽  
Attitude Test

Purpose. The purposeof the article is to analyze the results of an empirical study of the peculiarities of child-parent relationships in families raising children with complex developmental disorders.Methods. To achieve this goal, psychodiagnostic techniques were used, such as E. Schaefer’s Parental Attitude Test (PARI) and VV Parental Attitude Test Questionnaire. Stolina and A.Ya. Vargi. Student’s parametric criterion was used to identify statistical differences in parental attitudes in different groups.Results. A comparative study was conducted on 136 parents of children with musculoskeletal disorders and mental retardation, 152 parents of children with complex speech disabilities in combination with intellectual disabilities and 184 parents with children without developmental disabilities. A total of 472 parents took part in the study of child-parent relationships in families raising children with complex developmental disorders. The difference in the parental attitude to mentally retarded children with musculoskeletal disorders and to children with a complex of speech and intellectual disorders is a combination of the first higher level of emotional rejection and, at the same time, infantilization of the child. Parents of children with intellectual disabilities try to protect their children from the difficulties, complexities of the world and at the same time, this is one of the frustrating factors that manifests itself in the increased irritability of parents. Parents of children with disabilities are more likely to encourage the child’s dependence, to consider the child dependent and infantile. Parents of children with motor and intellectual disabilities are more likely to perceive their child as an unadapted life and a loser.Conclusions. The most unfavorable for the child attitudes and the nature of the relationship are demonstrated by parents who raise children with movement disorders and mental retardation compared to the parents of children with language and intellectual disabilities. Parents who have children with speech and intellectual disabilities have a more positive pedagogical prognosis of their upbringing and education of children, and hence the possible more successful social adaptation of the child in the future.Key words: children, dysontogenesis, parents, musculoskeletal disorders, mental retardation, speech disorders. Мета статті полягає в аналізі результатів емпіричного дослідження особливостей дитячо-батьківських стосунків у сім’ях, які виховують дітей із комплексними порушеннями розвитку.Методи. Для досягнення мети були використані такі психодіагностичні методики, як тест бать-ківських настанов (PARI) E. Шефера і тест-опитувальник батьківського ставлення В.В. Століна й А.Я. Варги. Для виявлення статистичної відмінності в батьківському ставленні в різних групах засто-совували параметричний критерій Стьюдента.Результати. Було проведено порівняльне дослідження 136 батьків дітей із порушенням опорно-рухового апарату та розумовою відсталістю, 152 батьків дітей зі складними мовленнєвими вадами в поєднанні з порушеннями інтелектуального розвитку та 184 батьків, які мають дітей із нормативним розвитком. Загалом у вивченні дитячо-батьківських взаємин у сім’ях, які виховують дітей із комплексними порушеннями розвитку, взяли участь 472 батьків. Відмінність у батьківському ставленні до розумово відсталих дітей із порушенням опорно-рухового апарату і до дітей із комплексом мовленнєвих та інте-лектуальних порушень полягає в поєднанні в перших більш високого рівня емоційного відкидання і водночас інфантилізації дитини. Батьки дітей, що мають інтелектуальне недорозвинення, намагаються захистити своїх дітей від труднощів, складнощів навколишнього світу, саме це є одним із фруструючих чинників, що проявляється в підвищеній дратівливості батьків. Батьки дітей із вадами розвитку більш схильні заохочувати залежність дитини, уважати дитину несамостійною й інфантильною. Батьки дітей із руховими й інтелектуальними порушеннями більш схильні сприймати свою дитину непристосованою до життя та невдахою. Висновки. Найбільш несприятливі для дитини настанови та характер взаємин демонструють батьки, які виховують дітей із руховими порушеннями та розумовою відсталістю, порівняно з батьками дітей із порушеннями мовленнєвого й інтелектуального розвитку. Батьки, які мають дітей із логопедичними й інтелектуальними вадами розвитку, мають більш позитивний педагогічний прогноз їх виховання і навчання, отже, і можливу більш успішну соціальну адаптацію дитини в майбутньому.Ключові слова: діти, дизонтогенез, батьки, порушення опорно-рухового апарату, розумова відсталість, мовленнєві порушення.

scholarly journals SPECIFICITY OF INFLUENCE OF CHILDREN WITH COMPLEX DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS ON MARRIAGE RELATIONS IN THEIR FAMILIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Shevchuk V.V.
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Marital Relations ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Speech Defects ◽  
Relationship Of

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of a study of the impact of children with complex developmental disorders on the marital relationship of their parents.Methods. To achieve this goal and solve problems, the following psychodiagnostic tools were used: the scale “Marital Relations” according to the method “Incomplete sentences” and the scale of perception of self, marriage partner and other men and women according to the Semantic Differential of C.Osgood. The Mann-Whitney test was used to verify the reliability of the obtained data.Results. The study of marital relationships was conducted with 288 parents with children with complex developmental disorders (among them 152 raising children with complex speech and mental retardation and 136 parents of children with musculoskeletal disorders and oligophrenia), who formed the main group, and 184 parents of children without disabilities, who acted as a control group. According to the analysis of the research results, the following general characteristics can be distinguished:− marital relations in families with children with complex developmental disorders are less harmonious, less favorable, with a complicated intimate life and more tense compared to families raising children without developmental disabilities. Mothers of children with musculoskeletal disorders and oligophrenia show a particularly negative attitude towards marital relations, although their husbands consider them to be strong and active individuals;− self-esteem of mothers of children with complex developmental disorders is not homogeneous: underestimated - in those who raise a child with musculoskeletal disorders and oligophrenia and adequate - in women who have a child with complex speech defects and mental retardation;− men who raise children with complex developmental disorders also have low self-esteem, are not purposeful and less active than parents of children with normative development;− mothers and fathers explain their unrealized plans by failed marital and family relationships and their child’s shortcomings.Conclusions. The appearance in the family of a child with complex developmental disorders mainly has a negative effect on the marital relationship of parents, changing the perceptions of the couple about the environment, about themselves, each other and affects the relationship between them.Key words: child with complex developmental disorders, complex speech defects, oligophrenia, marital relations. Метою статті є висвітлення результатів дослідження особливостей впливу дітей із комплексними порушеннями розвитку на шлюбні стосунки їх батьків.Методи. Для досягнення поставленої мети та вирішення завдань використано такий психодіагностичний інструментарій: шкала «Подружні стосунки» за методикою «Незакінчені речення» і шкали сприймання себе, шлюбного партнера та інших чоловіків і жінок за семантичним диференціалом Ч. Осгуда. Для перевірки достовірності отриманих даних застосовувався критерій Манна-Уїтні.Результати. Дослідження шлюбних взаємин було проведене з 288 батьками, які мають дітей з комплексними порушеннями розвитку (серед них – 152 виховують дітей зі складними мовленнєвими вадами та розумовою відсталістю і 136 – із порушеннями опорно-рухового апарату та олігофренією), які склали основну групу, а також з 184 батьками дітей без вад розвитку, які виконували роль контрольної групи. За аналізом результатів дослідження можна виокремити такі загальні характеристики: – шлюбні стосунки у сім’ях, де є діти з комплексними порушеннями розвитку, менш гармонійні, менш сприятливі, з ускладненим інтимним життям та більш напружені порівняно із сім’ями, які виховують дітей без вад розвитку. Особливо виражене негативне ставлення до шлюбних стосунків демонструють матері дітей з порушеннями опорно-рухового апарату та олігофренією, хоча чоловіки вважа-ють їх сильними та активними особистостями;– самооцінка матерів дітей з комплексними порушеннями розвитку є неоднорідною: занижена – у тих, які виховують дитину з порушеннями опорно-рухового апарату та олігофренією, адекватна – у жінок, які мають дитину зі складними мовленнєвими вадами та розумовою відсталістю;– чоловіки, які виховують дітей з комплексними порушеннями розвитку, мають також занижену самооцінку, нецілеспрямовані та менш активні, ніж батьки дітей з нормативним розвитком;– матері та батьки пояснюють свої нереалізовані плани невдалими шлюбно-сімейними стосунками та вадами своєї дитини.Висновки. Поява в сім’ї дитини з комплексними порушеннями розвитку переважно негативно позначається на шлюбних стосунках батьків, змінюючи уявлення подружжя про оточення, себе, один одного, та впливає на взаємини між ними.Ключові слова: complex developmental disorders, complex speech disorders, oligophrenia, musculoskeletal disorders, marital relations.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF ATTITUDES AND PARENTING SKILLS AMONG PARENTS OF DIFFERENT PSYCHOLOGICAL TYPES WHO HAVE A CHILD WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 118-132
Author(s):  
M.V. SAFONOVA ◽  
◽  
T.R. KARABANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Psychological Type ◽  
Parenting Skills ◽  
Psychological Types ◽  
Parent Relationships ◽  
Special Children ◽  
Children With Developmental Disabilities

Statement of the problem. The article provides an overview of theoretical positions and research on the problem of parental attitudes and their impact on the educational process of children with intellectual disabilities. Child-parent relationships are one of the most important aspects studied by family psychology, family relations psychology, and age psychology. There is a lack of programs for correcting child-parent relationships in families with children with intellectual disabilities. The purpose of the article is to identify and characterize the attitudes of parents of different psychological types towards their “special” children, as well as the features of their upbringing models and parenting skills. Research materials and methods. The research methodology is represented by the fundamental principles of psychology: consistency, unity of consciousness and activity (L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, S.L. Rubinstein, etc.), provisions on the structure and functions of child-parent relations (R.V. Ovcharova, A.S. Spivakovskaya, E.G. Eidemiller, V.V. Justitskis, etc.); generalization of research on the features of child-parent relations in families raising children with developmental disabilities (L.V. Kuznetsova, I.I. Mamaichuk, Yu.P. Povarenkov, E.A. Savina, V.M. Sorokin, V.V. Tkacheva, L.M. Shipitsyna, O.B. Charova, etc.); ideas about the family as a priority institution of socialization of the individual (I.S. Kon, A.V. Mudrik, M.I. Rozhkov). Our study involved 50 respondents. Of these, 40 parents have a child with a diagnosis of mental retardation, 10 parents have children with mild mental retardation. All children are enrolled in school in Krasnoyarsk, age category is 7–10 years old. To diagnose the conscious and unconscious attitudes of parents towards their children with intellectual disabilities, the method “Unfinished sentences” was used, and to identify the parenting abilities of parents, V.V. Tkacheva’s questionnaire “Determining the parenting skills among parents of children with developmental disabilities” was used. To compare the samples, the Mann Whitney U-test was used, and the correlation analysis was based on the calculation of the Spearman correlation coefficient. Research results. The study showed that the attitudes of parents of an authoritarian psychological type towards their children are closely intertwined with their personal traits. 80 % of authoritarian parents emotionally accept their children, and 20 % reject them. In this group, 68 % of parents understand that their children have certain problems, while 32 % refuse to understand them. Adequate forms of interaction with children are observed in 72 % of authoritarian parents. Neurotic parents have different views on their children and their relationships with them. In the group of neurotic parents, 44 % of respondents accept their children, and 56 % reject them; 78 % understand children’s problems, 22 % do not understand; 67 % have adequate forms of interaction, and 33 % have inadequate ones. Psychosomatic parents have a positive attitude towards their children, wish them the best, and see their advantages and disadvantages. 75 % of psychosomatic parents experience emotional attachment to their children, 25 % – rejection. Almost all parents in this group are aware of their children’s problems (94 %), and also apply appropriate methods of influence to their children (87 %). Conclusion. It is concluded that the representations and conscious and unconscious attitudes of parents of different psychological types are associated with the personal characteristics of children with intellectual disabilities. The relationship between the educational skills of parents and the characteristics of their dominant psychological type is shown. The authors note that the problem of parents’ relations with “special” children has been studied for a long time, but there are few programs for correcting these relations.

Self-awareness and personal adaptive potential in normal and impaired development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Kuz'mina
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Mild Mental Retardation ◽  
Adaptive Potential

The monograph presents the generalized results of the author's scientific activity related to the diagnosis and phenomenological description of the state of self-consciousness and the Self-concept of persons with developmental disorders, in particular with mild mental retardation. The variants of self-awareness diagnostics and a comprehensive assessment of the personal adaptive potential of subjects of different ages with intellectual disabilities are presented and methodologically justified. The presented methods allow us to form an individual adaptive profile based on a quantitative assessment of qualitative indicators of adaptability/maladaptivity. The content aspects of the formation of the antisocial potential of a person with mild mental retardation, in particular, the problems of suggestibility, indoctrination and the participation of persons with intellectual disabilities in criminal communities, are separately identified. It will be useful for students, postgraduates, researchers and practitioners in the field of pedagogy, psychology, law.

scholarly journals Retrospective of Providing Assistance to Children with Various Developmental Disabilities in Ukraine: X-XX Centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Yevheniia Yu. Lyndina ◽  
Oleksandr V. Kozynets
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Speech Impairments ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pedagogical Analysis

The study and historical and pedagogical analysis of aiding children with mental and physical disabilities make it possible to trace the development of the educational system and find ways to improve it. The purpose of the study is to investigate the issue of supporting children with various variants of developmental disorders during the 10th and 20th centuries in Ukraine, analysis and justification of the problem. To fulfil this purpose, archival sources and scientific studies of scientists who studied this issue were investigated. The main chronological events of caring for children with various disorders, which later became the basis for the development of special education, are substantiated. Based on the chronicles of the Ipatiev and Lavrentiy lists, the public’s awareness of the importance of raising children with hearing and speech impairments, as well as studying the elements of literacy and learning the craft, was clarified. The history of care for children with physical and intellectual disabilities in Ukraine during the 10th-20th centuries is examined. The study outlines information about the facts of the first attempts to provide pedagogical assistance in the education of the so-called “limited abilities” students in the public education system, which was preceded by the reform in the field of education. Historical data on the attitude of society towards children with various developmental disabilities in Ukraine in the period of 10th20th centuries are analysed, as well as the dynamics of development in the field of assistance to children with mental and physical disabilities in this period. The facts about the transfer of the problem of raising children with intellectual disabilities to private institutions and the opening of psychiatric hospitals, which aided persons with developmental disabilities. The study covered I. Sikorsky's contribution to the problem of providing aid and care to those whose mental underdevelopment is a psychological and pedagogical problem. For a deeper retrospective of aiding children with various variants of developmental disabilities in Ukraine in the 10th and 20th centuries, it is necessary to explore the arguments for opening and organising state assistance to various categories of children with mental and physical disabilities

scholarly journals Integral personal and interpersonal characteristics of parents of children with complex developmental disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-124
Author(s):  
Vlasova O.I. ◽  
Shevchuk V.V.
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Sentence Completion ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Parental Attitude ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Interpersonal Characteristics

Thepurposeof the research is to study integral personal and interpersonal characteristics of parents bringing up children with complex developmental disorders. The article is based on the following psychodiagnostics methods: Parental Attitude Questionnaire (A. Varga & V. Stolin); Family Relationship Analysis (E. Eidemiller, V. Yustytskis); PARI (Parental Attitude Research Instrument) (E. Schaefer & Bell); Freiburg Personality Inventory (FPI) for studying personal characteristics; N. Kurhanska & T.A. Nemchyn method to assess mental activation, interest, emotional tonus, tension, and comfort; “The semantic differential” (Ch.Osgood) for quantitative and qualitative value indexing; V. Kahan & I. Zhuravlova Inventory for Parental Attitudes to the Child’s Disease; “Sentence Completion Test.” (J. Sacks & L. Sidney). Factorization based on principal component analysis (PCA) followed by Varimax rotation of psychological scales has made it possible to gain a model of personal and interpersonal characteristics of parents bringing up children with complex developmental disorders. Researchresults. It has been specified personal characteristics in the form of dominant-aggressive, psychasthenic, extraversive, sthenic-introversive personal dispositions, which together form a marital subsystem. The research has outlined indulgent, authoritarian, constructive, phobic-indulgent, liberal-anxious educational systems that comprise a child-parent subsystem in the factor model of personal and interpersonal characteristics of par-ents. Conclusions. It is stated that substantial nature and particularities of integral personal and inter-personal factors, which have been noticed in parents bringing up children with complex developmental disorders, are personal predicators of the effectiveness of their psychological follow-up. Keywords:psychological follow-up, personal disposition, educational subsystem, interpersonal relations. Метоюстатті є дослідження інтегральних особистісних та міжособистісних характеристик батьків, які виховують дітей з комплексними порушеннями розвитку. Використано такі психодіагностичні методики: опитувальники для вимірювання параметрів батьківського ставлення (А.Варга, В.Ст олін); для аналізування сімейних взаємин (Е.Ейдеміллер, В.Юстицкіс); тест-опитувальник РАRІ (Е.Шефер, Р.Белл) для вивчення батьківських настановлень; Фрайбурзький багатофактор-ний особистісний опитувальник (FPI) для дослі-дженняособистісних характеристик; методику урганської, Т.А.Немчин для оцінки психічноїактивації, інтересу, емоційного тонусу, напруги та комфортності; “Семантичний диференціал” (Ч.Осгу д) для кількісного та якісного індексування значень; опитувальник В.Кагана та І.Журавльової для діагностики ставлення батьків до хвороби дитини; методика “Незакінчені речення” (Дж. Сакс, Л.Сідней). Факторизація методом головних компонент з наступним варімакс-обертанням матриці психологічних шкал дала змогу отримати модель особистісних та міжособистісних характеристик батьків дітей з комплексними порушеннями розвитку. Результатидослідження.З’ясовано особистісні характеристики у вигляді домінантно-агресивної, психастенічної, екстравертованої, стенічно-інтровертованої особистісних диспозицій, що разом утворюють шлюбну підсистему. Встановлено потуральну, авторитарну, конструктивну, фобічно-поблажливу, ліберально-тривожну виховні системи, які утворюють дитячо-батьківську підсистему у факторній моделі особистісних і міжособистісних характеристик батьків. Висновки. Констатовано, що змістовний характер і особливості інтегральних особистісних і міжособистісних чинників, які були з’ясовані у досліджуваних батьків дітей з комплексними порушеннями розвитку, є особистісними предикторами ефективності їх психологічного супроводу. Ключовіслова: психологічний супровід, особистісна диспозиція, виховна підсистема, міжособистісні взаємини.

scholarly journals Predictors of Parental Barriers to Reduce Excessive Child’s Screen Time Among Parents of Children Under Five Years of Age in Selangor: A Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliza Mansor ◽  
Norliza Ahmad ◽  
Nor Afiah Mohd. Zulkefli
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Parental Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Parental Barriers

BACKGROUND Globally, there is an increasing prevalence of excessive screen time exposure among young children, including Malaysia. Parents are advised to limit this exposure but there are barriers for many of them to follow this recommendation. To date, there is a lack of studies on the factors that cause these parental barriers. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the parental barrier towards the reduction of excessive child’s screen time and its predictors among parents of children under five years old in Petaling District, Selangor. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2019 to June 2020 among 789 parent-child dyads attending child health clinics in Petaling District, Selangor. Validated self-administered questionnaires were used to capture information on sociodemographic factors, parental influences, child-related factors, environmental factors, and parental barriers. Stratified sampling with probability proportionate to size was employed. Data were analysed with IBM SPSS version 25. Descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis were performed before multiple linear regression was used to identify the predictors of parental barriers. RESULTS The overall mean score of parental barriers was 3.51 ± 0.83, indicating that the average numbers of barriers experienced by parents were more than three. The multivariate analysis showed that the predictors of parental barriers included monthly household income (adjusted β: -0.031, 95% CI: -0.048 to -0.015), parents who worked in public sectors (adjusted β: 0.178, 95% CI: 0.063 to 0.292), positive parental attitude on screens (adjusted β: 0.684, 95% CI: 0.576 to 0.793), parents’ low self-efficacy to influence child’s physical activity (adjusted β: -0.318, 95% CI: -0.432 to -0.204), and child’s screen time (adjusted β: 0.042, 95% CI: 0.024 to 0.061). CONCLUSIONS The strongest predictor of the parental barriers to reduce excessive child’s screen time was the positive parental attitude on screen time. Thus, future intervention strategies should aim to foster correct parental attitudes towards screen time activities among young children.

scholarly journals Personal characteristics of parents of children with special educational needs in education

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
A.S. Mambetalina ◽  
◽  
M.D. Muratova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Parental Attitude ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Factor Of Influence

The article examines the study of personal characteristics of parents of children with special educational needs in education (SEN) in the city of Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. Today, the problem of studying a family, raising children with special needs in education is relevant and requires extensive research. This is confirmed by the large number of children with SEN in Kazakhstan. The study is aimed in particular at studying the factor of influence of certain parental personality traits and characteristics (mechanisms of psychological defense, coping-strategy and guilt conscience) on the child and on his abilities and success in educational and correctional processes. The scientific novelty of the results of this article lies in the correlation between the personal characteristics of the parents of children with SEN with the data that determine the parental attitude towards the child and the impact of the studied indicators of the parents on the child’s progress in correctional and specialized educational programs.

A Comparative Study of the Attitudes of Alcoholic Veterans and Nonalcoholic Veterans toward Child Rearing Practices and Family Life

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara B. Pease ◽  
David F. Hurlbert
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Attitude Questionnaire ◽  
Parental Attitude ◽  
Male Veterans ◽  
Stratified Sample

To compare parental attitudes of alcoholics and nonalcoholics a parental attitude questionnaire (PARI-Q4) was administered to a stratified sample of alcoholic veterans in a VA alcohol treatment program and to nonalcoholic male veterans employed at the VAMC. The f-test was used to test equality between samples. Pearson's r was used to correlate for age on all scales. ANOVA methods were used to correlate race, social class, and fatherhood variables. Significant differences between the groups appeared on six scales, “Encouraging Verbalization,” “Avoiding Harsh Punishment,” “Encouraging Emotional Expression,” “Irresponsibility of Father,” “Inconsiderate-ness of Wife,” and “Tolerating Aggression.” No significant differences regarding fatherhood, race, age or social class were found. Since alcoholism was the only significant variable found in this study it points to the need for intervention through teaching parental skills to alcoholics to decrease the risk of their children becoming alcoholics.

Children With Self-Injurious Behavior

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Hyman ◽  
Wayne Fisher ◽  
Marianne Mercugliano ◽  
Michael F. Cataldo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Community Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
Developmental Characteristics ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Individuals With Mental Retardation

Self-injurious behavior is a serious problem that is not uncommon among individuals with mental retardation. Medical and developmental characteristics of 97 children, adolescents, and young adults (age range 11 months to 21 years, 11 months) assessed and treated for self-injurious behavior in a specialized, interdisciplinary inpatient unit between 1980 and 1988 were reviewed. This population differed from those reported in previous studies in that it was of school age and predominantly community based. Severe or profound mental retardation was present in 82.5% of our patients. The causative diagnoses associated with self-injurious behavior were similar to those of severe mental retardation alone. Associated disabilities represented at greater than expected frequencies included pervasive developmental disorders, visual impairment, and a history of infantile spasms. Most patients (81.4%) engaged in more than one type of self-injurious behavior. The most common topographies were head banging, biting, head hitting, body hitting, and scratching. Physical injury was documented in 77% of cases; the injuries most frequently reported were excoriations, scars/callus formation, hematomas, and local infection. As community placement of handicapped individuals continues to increase, pediatricians will be called upon to monitor patients who engage in self-injurious behavior.

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