scholarly journals Delineation of Fractures Using a 2D GPR Processing Strategy for 3D Imaging: Weak Zones within Carbonates at the Archaeological Site of Xochicalco in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5893
Author(s):  
Nikos Economou ◽  
Maksim Bano ◽  
José Ortega-Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Preliminary Conclusion ◽  
Scattered Energy ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
2D Imaging ◽  
Weak Zones ◽  
Archeological Site

The use of GPR data multipath summation on data acquired over parallel study lines is presented here within the framework of a study on the effects of natural hazards on cultural heritage areas in order to image weak zones within carbonates, such as fractures and caverns. This study was realized at the archeological site of Xochicalco in Mexico, where fractures and caverns are potential sources of the degradation of the archeological remains. Dense parallel GPR study lines spaced every 0.25 m were surveyed using a 400 MHz monostatic antenna with the aim to image possible weak zones in three dimensions. We used a 2D imaging approach, namely, the method of multipath summation, which efficiently focused the scattered energy within the GPR sections. The study revealed, at depths of 1.6m and 1.8m, several linear events attributed to fractures, leading to the preliminary conclusion of this on-going project that cracks on the walls of the Quetzalcoatl Temple after a large earthquake in 2017 are prone to instability of carbonates rocks.

scholarly journals A 3-D SAR Imaging Method Based on Back Projection Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 2083 (3) ◽  
pp. 032050
Author(s):  
Qian Han ◽  
Pengbo Wang ◽  
Xinkai Zhou ◽  
Xinchang Hu ◽  
Yanan Guo
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Bp Algorithm ◽  
Projection Algorithm ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Back Projection ◽  
Imaging Processing ◽  
Imaging Algorithm ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
2D Imaging ◽  
Low Efficiency

Abstract 3D back projection (BP) algorithm is an imaging algorithm based on time domain echo data, which effectively solves the overlapping mask problem existing in 2D SAR. It can complete the imaging processing of echo signal under any geometry configuration, and has the advantages of high target focusing accuracy and high phase preservation. However, the high complexity and low efficiency of 3D BP imaging algorithm limit its application and development. In this paper, a 3d imaging method based on improved back projection algorithm is proposed. Aiming at the problem that existing imaging algorithms need 2D imaging first and then 3D imaging, an improved 3D BP algorithm is proposed to directly 3D imaging, which avoids 2d imaging processing. The proposed method simplifies the steps of the traditional 3D BP algorithm and improves the efficiency of the algorithm. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by the 3d imaging results of simulated lattice targets.

Fabrication and performance of a 128-element crossed-electrode relaxor array, for a novel 3D imaging approach

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Latham ◽  
Christopher Samson ◽  
Christopher Ceroici ◽  
Roger J. Zemp ◽  
Jeremy A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
And Performance

Time-of-flight sensor for getting shape model of automobiles toward digital 3D imaging approach of autonomous driving

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 103429
Author(s):  
Ilpo Niskanen ◽  
Matti Immonen ◽  
Lauri Hallman ◽  
Genki Yamamuchi ◽  
Martti Mikkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Shape Model ◽  
Imaging Approach

New azimuthal binning for improved delineation of faults and fractures

Geophysics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. S7-S15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Perez ◽  
Kurt J. Marfurt
Keyword(s):  
Azimuthal Velocity ◽  
Image Point ◽  
Fort Worth ◽  
Fracture Detection ◽  
Prestack Migration ◽  
Fort Worth Basin ◽  
Strike Direction ◽  
Scattered Energy ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
The Impact

We suggest and test a new way to define azimuth binning in Kirchhoff prestack migration. With this new definition, we sort seismic data by the azimuth of the average travel path traversed from the source to the subsurface image point and back to the receiver, rather than the azimuth between source and receiver on the surface of the earth. This approach avoids mixing the typically weaker side-scattered energy with the stronger in-plane reflections, thereby providing greater leverage in identifying image contributions from out-of-the-plane steeply dipping reflectors, fractures and faults. We examine the impact of this new imaging approach combined with analysis of seismic attributes that have proved useful for fracture detection, on data from the Fort Worth Basin, Texas, United States. We find that the image of features such as reflectors and discontinuities focus into azimuths perpendicular to the strike of each feature. The discrimination achieved in the azimuthal domain allows for an increased resolution in analysis of geologic features according to their strike direction. It should also result in improved residual azimuthal velocity analysis.

Comparison of 3D Imaging and 2D Imaging for Performance Time of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Köksal Bilgen ◽  
Murat Üstün ◽  
Murat Karakahya ◽  
Sevil Işik ◽  
Serkan Şengül ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
2D Imaging

scholarly journals Abstract 2094: Pathology beyond 2D: Imaging and analysis of cells and the tumor microenvironment in three dimensions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Mansfield ◽  
James Wainright ◽  
Christopher Bagnall ◽  
Geraint Wilde ◽  
Meredith Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
2D Imaging

scholarly journals ASPECTOS GEOARQUEOLÓGICOS DO SÍTIO CEMITÉRIO CAIXA D’ÁGUA: VALE DO SÃO FRANCISCO - MINAS GERAIS/BRASIL.

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernando Baggio Filho ◽  
Mariana de Oliveira Freitas ◽  
Thalita Siqueira de Meneses ◽  
Thiago Martins Da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Soil Geochemistry ◽  
Surface Samples ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Archeological Site

Esta breve comunicação, tem como proposta apresentar aos leitores, um dos mais importantes sítios arqueológicos a céu aberto ao longo do Vale do São Francisco o Sítio Arqueológico Cemitério Caixa d’Água, localizado no município de Buritizeiro, norte do Estado de Minas Gerais. O projeto de pesquisa é financiado pela Fundação de Amaparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais - FAPEMIG, e tem como objetivo principal entender o padrão de aldeamento pré-histórico do sítio arqueológico. Foi montado uma malha superfial de amostragens, o material coletado será submetido a análises físico-químicas, químicas e mineralógica (classificação dos solos, fracionamento, cor dos solos, mineralogia, entre outras); químicas (pH, Zn, Cu, Ca, Cr, P, Pb e C orgânico Total ), além disso, a caracterização do ambiente físico. Os resultados obtidos poderão elucidar alguns dos principais enigmas arqueológicos do sítio, como por exemplo, os vários momentos de ocupação pré-histórica que ocorreram no sítio arqueológico Cemitério Caixa d’Água.Palavras-chave: Sítio arqueológico, FAPEMIG, solos, geoquímica ABSTRACT: THE CAIXA D’ÁGUA CEMETERY SITE GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL ASPECTS: SÃO FRANCISCO VALLEY- MINAS GERAIS/BRAZIL. This brief communication, has a proposal to present to readers, one of the most important archaeological sites in the open along the São Francisco Valley Cemetery the archaeological site Caixa d’ água, located in the municipality of Buritizeiro, north of Minas Gerais. The research project is funded by the Fundação de Amaparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais - FAPEMIG, and has as main objective to understand the pattern of village's prehistoric archaeological site. Will be mounted, a mesh surface samples (geocoding, geoprocessing, soil, surface geochemistry, etc.). The collected material will be subjected to physical and chemical analyzes (soil classification, division, color of soil and others); chemical (pH, Zn, Cu, Ca, Cr, P, Pb, and total organic carbon), mineralogical analysis of soils, in addition, the characterization of the physical environment. The results may explain some of the major puzzles of the archaeological site, for example, the various moments of prehistoric archaeological site that occurred in the Caixa d’ água cemetery.Keywords: Archeological site, FAPEMIG, soil, geochemistry

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