scholarly journals A Method Comparison Study between Open Source and Industrial Weather Stations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Evmorfia P. Bataka ◽  
Georgios Miliokas ◽  
Nikolaos Katsoulas ◽  
Christos T. Nakas
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Behavior Monitoring ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Method Comparison Study ◽  
The University

Open-source devices are widespread and have been available to everyone over the past decade. The low cost of such devices boosts the creation of instruments for various applications such as smart farming, environmental monitoring, animal behavior monitoring, human health monitoring, etc. This research aims to use statistical methods to assess agreement and similarity in order to compare an open-source weather station that was constructed and programmed from scratch with an industrial weather station. The experiment took place in the experimental Greenhouses of the University of Thessaly, Velestino, Greece, for 7 consecutive days. The topology of the experiment consisted of 30 open-source weather stations and three industrials, creating three clusters with a ratio of 10 open-source to 1 industrial. The results revealed low to high agreement across the measurement range, with high variability, possibly due to factors that were not considered in the statistical model.

scholarly journals More science with less: evaluation of a 3D-printed weather station

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4699-4713
Author(s):  
Adam Theisen ◽  
Max Ungar ◽  
Bryan Sheridan ◽  
Bradley G. Illston
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oklahoma Mesonet ◽  
System Temperature ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Field Deployment ◽  
The University

Abstract. A weather station built using 3D-printed parts and low-cost sensors, based on plans and guidance provided by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research 3D-Printed Automatic Weather Station Initiative, was deployed alongside an Oklahoma Mesonet station to compare its performance against standard commercial sensors and determine the longevity and durability of the system. Temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and direction, solar radiation, and precipitation measurements were collected over an 8-month field deployment in Norman, Oklahoma. Measurements were comparable to the commercial sensors except for wind direction, which proved to be problematic. Longevity and durability of the system varied, as some sensors and 3D-printed components failed during the deployment. Overall, results show that these low-cost sensors are comparable to the more expensive commercial counterparts and could serve as viable alternatives for researchers and educators with limited resources for short-term deployments. Long-term deployments are feasible with proper maintenance and regular replacement of sensors and 3D-printed components.

scholarly journals HIGROTERM: An Open-Source and Low-Cost Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System for Laboratory Applications

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Renan Rocha Ribeiro ◽  
Elton Bauer ◽  
Rodrigo Lameiras
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Bill Of Materials ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
The University ◽  
Humidity Monitoring

Low-cost electronics developed on easy-to-use prototyping platforms, such as Arduino, are becoming increasingly popular in various fields of science. This article presents an open-source and low-cost eight-channel data-logging system for temperature and humidity monitoring based on DHT22 (AM2302) sensors, named HIGROTERM. The system was designed to solve real needs of the Laboratory of Material Testing of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Brasília. The system design, functionalities, hardware components, source code, bill of materials, assemblage and enclosure are thoroughly described to enable complete reproduction by the interested reader. The terminologies and instructions presented were simplified as much as possible to make it accessible to the greatest extent to researchers from different areas, especially those without electronics background. The data-acquisition system has an estimated total cost of USD 96.00, or USD 136.00 if eight sensor nodes are included, with a considerable margin for cost reduction. The authors expect that the HIGROTERM system may both be a valuable low-cost and customizable tool for the readers, as well a source of innovation and interest in low-cost electronics for real problem-solving in various fields of science.

Low Cost VoIP Architecture Using Open Source Software Component in Tertiary Institutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Ebtesam Najim AlShemmary ◽  
Bahaa Qasim Al-Musawi
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Enterprise Network ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Data Services ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
The University

Governments and their agencies are often challenged by high cost and flexible telephonic, Web based data services. Emerging technologies, such as those of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) that allow convergent systems where voice and Web technologies can utilize the same network to provide both services, can be used to improve such services. This paper describe VoIP system for the enterprise network (e.g. company, university) that have been developed based on Asterisk which is a kind of open source software to implement IP-PBX system. Through the development and evaluation, we have confirmed that VoIP system based on Asterisk is very powerful as a whole and most PBX functions to be required for the enterprise network can be realized. Interesting findings include that the University of Kufa has a potential to implement the project. By connecting multiple Asterisk servers located in different sites based on IAX2, large scale enterprise network can be developed. Since the software recommended for installation is open source, the project could be used as a source of valuable information by students who specialize in real-time multi-media systems.

scholarly journals THE USE OF THE UAV IMAGES FOR THE BUILDING 3D MODEL GENERATION

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W8 ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vacca ◽  
G. Furfaro ◽  
A. Dessì
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Dense Matching ◽  
Uav Images ◽  
The University

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The growing interest in recent years in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) by the scientific community, software developers, and geomatics professionals, has led these systems to be used more and more widely, in different fields of engineering and architecture. This is thanks, above all, to their flexibility of use and low cost compared to traditional photogrammetric flights using expensive metric digital cameras or LiDAR sensors. In recent years, UAVs have also been used in the field of monitoring and inspection of public or private buildings that are remarkable in terms of size and architecture. This is mainly due to the focus a sustainability and resource efficiency in the building and infrastructure sector, which aims to extend their lifetimes. Through the use of remote checking using UAVs, the monitoring and inspection of buildings can be brought to a new level of quality and saving.</p><p> This paper focuses on the processing and study of 3D models obtained from images captured by an UAV. In particular, the authors wanted to study the accuracy gains achieved in the building 3D model obtained with both nadir and oblique UAV flights. The images from the flights were processed using Structure-for Motion-based approach for point cloud generation using dense image-matching algorithms implemented in an open source software. We used the open source software VisualSfM, developed by Chanchang Wu in collaboration with the University of Washington and Google. The dense matching plug-in integrated in its interface, PMVS/CMVS, made by Yasutaka Furukawa, was employed to generate the dense cloud. The achieved results were compare with those gained by Photoscan software by Agisoft and with 3D model from the Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) survey.</p>

scholarly journals Peningkatan Skalabilitas Mini Weather Station Portable berbasis Internet of Things

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Nur Achmad Sulistyo Putro ◽  
Catur Atmaji ◽  
Kristiawan Devianto ◽  
Zandy Yudha Perwira
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
System Development ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Regional Topography ◽  
High Scalability ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
New Location

Indonesia is a country that has unique weather that provides not only abundant natural resources but also can causes disasters at any time. To reduce the threat of losses, observing weather elements using a weather station is a solution that can be used. The development of systems related to environmental monitoring and weather stations is not new. However, most research focuses on various innovations in utilization, low cost and power savings. These studies have not touched on the aspect of ease of system development, especially in the concept of adding nodes. Indonesia, as a country with diverse regional topography, needs an integrated weather monitoring system with the concept of centralized data collection to get a complete picture.In this study, a portable mini weather station system was built named Amicagama. This system is built with the concept of high scalability which means the system is designed to be used publicly, with each user able to manage the nodes which are their respective weather stations. Management by each user here means that each user can manage weather data to be submitted, add nodes at a new location, and can delete nodes at a certain location if something unexpected happens.

scholarly journals Consumer Grade Weather Stations for Wooden Structure Fire Risk Assessment

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torgrim Log
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Fire Risk Assessment ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Dry Wood

During January 2014, Norway experienced unusually cold and dry weather conditions leading to very low indoor relative humidity (RH) in inhabited (heated) wooden homes. The resulting dry wood played an important role in the two most severe accidental fires in Norway recorded since 1923. The present work describes testing of low cost consumer grade weather stations for recording temperature and relative humidity as a proxy for dry wood structural fire risk assessment. Calibration of the weather stations relative humidity (RH) sensors was done in an atmosphere stabilized by water saturated LiCl, MgCl2 and NaCl solutions, i.e., in the range 11% RH to 75% RH. When calibrated, the weather station results were well within ±3% RH. During the winter 2015/2016 weather stations were placed in the living room in eight wooden buildings. A period of significantly increased fire risk was identified in January 2016. The results from the outdoor sensors compared favorably with the readings from a local meteorological station, and showed some interesting details, such as higher ambient relative humidity for a home close to a large and comparably warmer sea surface. It was also revealed that a forecast predicting low humidity content gave results close to the observed outdoor weather station data, at least for the first 48 h forecast.

scholarly journals OPEN SOURCE WEB TOOL FOR TRACKING IN A LOWCOST MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W8 ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Fissore ◽  
F. Pirotti ◽  
A. Vettore
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Mobile Platform ◽  
Web Interface ◽  
Mobile Mapping ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Mobile Mapping System ◽  
University Of Padua ◽  
The University

During the last decade several Mobile Mapping Systems (MMSs), i.e. systems able to acquire efficiently three dimensional data using moving sensors (Guarnieri et al., 2008, Schwarz and El-Sheimy, 2004), have been developed. Research and commercial products have been implemented on terrestrial, aerial and marine platforms, and even on human-carried equipment, e.g. backpack (Lo et al., 2015, Nex and Remondino, 2014, Ellum and El-Sheimy, 2002, Leica Pegasus backpack, 2016, Masiero et al., 2017, Fissore et al., 2018).<br><br> Such systems are composed of an integrated array of time-synchronised navigation sensors and imaging sensors mounted on a mobile platform (Puente et al., 2013, Tao and Li, 2007). Usually the MMS implies integration of different types of sensors, such as GNSS, IMU, video camera and/or laser scanners that allow accurate and quick mapping (Li, 1997, Petrie, 2010, Tao, 2000). The typical requirement of high-accuracy 3D georeferenced reconstruction often makes such systems quite expensive. Indeed, at time of writing most of the terrestrial MMSs on the market have a cost usually greater than 50000, which might be expensive for certain applications (Ellum and El-Sheimy, 2002, Piras et al., 2008). In order to allow best performance sensors have to be properly calibrated (Dong et al., 2007, Ellum and El-Sheimy, 2002).<br><br> Sensors in MMSs are usually integrated and managed through a dedicated software, which is developed ad hoc for the devices mounted on the mobile platform and hence tailored for the specific used sensors. Despite the fact that commercial solutions are complete, very specific and particularly related to the typology of survey, their price is a factor that restricts the number of users and the possible interested sectors.<br><br> This paper describes a (relatively low cost) terrestrial Mobile Mapping System developed at the University of Padua (TESAF, Department of Land Environment Agriculture and Forestry) by the research team in CIRGEO, in order to test an alternative solution to other more expensive MMSs. The first objective of this paper is to report on the development of a prototype of MMS for the collection of geospatial data based on the assembly of low cost sensors managed through a web interface developed using open source libraries. The main goal is to provide a system accessible by any type of user, and flexible to any type of upgrade or introduction of new models of sensors or versions thereof. After a presentation of the hardware components used in our system, a more detailed description of the software developed for the management of the MMS will be provided, which is the part of the innovation of the project. According to the worldwide request for having big data available through the web from everywhere in the world (Pirotti et al., 2011), the proposed solution allows to retrieve data from a web interface Figure 4. Actually, this is part of a project for the development of a new web infrastructure in the University of Padua (but it will be available for external users as well), in order to ease collaboration between researchers from different areas.<br><br> Finally, strengths, weaknesses and future developments of the low cost MMS are discussed.

scholarly journals Experiences in using low-cost sensors to observe road weather

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virve Karsisto ◽  
Lasse Latva ◽  
Janne Miettinen ◽  
Marjo Hippi ◽  
Kari Mäenpää ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Explanatory Variable ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Temperature Observations

&lt;p&gt;Road weather information is essential for keeping the roads well maintained and safe during wintertime. Main source of road weather observations are road weather stations, but IoT (Internet of things) sensor technology provides new ways to observe road weather. Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) and Fintraffic Road are studying whether such IoT technology could help increase spatial density and/or improve coverage in the observation network and whether these additional observations could also be used to improve road weather forecasts. Around 100 autonomous battery-operated low-cost IoT sensors based on LoRaWAN communication technology were installed into the roadside area of a motorway in southern Finland and at the Sodankyl&amp;#228; airport test track during winter 2020. Most of the sensors were of the types UC11-T1 from Ursalink and ELT-2 from ELSYS AB, but there were a few MCF-LW12TERWP sensors from MCF88 as well. All sensors measure air temperature and humidity and the MCF sensors also measure air pressure. Some of the sensors were installed at a weather station and some at road weather stations to enable data comparison with reference stations. During wintertime the IoT sensors&amp;#8217; air temperature measurements correspond rather well to the reference measurements. However, during other times of the year the solar radiation often causes warm bias to the measurements. The bias is reduced when the sensors are installed inside radiation shields. However, the reliability of the IoT devices needs improvement, as several sensors stopped working during the measurement campaign. This was probably caused by a firmware bug, that led to excess power consumption and emptying of batteries in some of the devices.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The FMI road weather model uses surface temperature observations in the model initialization to improve the forecasts. As the model surface temperature is forced to the observed surface temperature, the air temperature measurements don&amp;#8217;t have that much effect in the initialization. When there are no surface temperature observations available at the forecast location, the model uses values interpolated from road weather station observations. The interpolation is done with the universal kriging method, where elevation is used as an explanatory variable. In this project we studied whether air temperature observations from IoT sensors could be used as explanatory variable as well. The results thus far show that use of air temperature observations from road weather stations improves the interpolated surface temperature values at least in some situations. However, this is rather location dependent. Initial results suggest that IoT observations would be useful this way as well. According to the results, IoT observations show potential to improve road weather monitoring and forecasting, but more studies are still needed.&lt;/p&gt;

A Highly Accurate and Linear Clauss Fibrinogen Assay Provides Increased Clinical Value for Patient Reporting throughout the 30 – 1000 mg/dL Medical Decision-Making Range.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 3935-3935
Author(s):  
Janet Callahan ◽  
Nathalie Laurant ◽  
Sam Arcidiacono ◽  
Janos Polgar ◽  
Doyle Mary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Test Range ◽  
Equidistant Points ◽  
Method Comparison Study

Abstract The availability of accurate and precise Fibrinogen concentration measurements throughout low, normal and elevated ranges are of significant utility in clinical practice. The assessment of elevated fibrinogen levels is valuable as a known marker of coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, acute phase reactions, pregnancy, etc. Likewise, the decreased fibrinogen levels associated with liver disease, DIC, thrombolytic therapy, miscarriage, poor wound healing and intracranial hemorrhage support the premise that accurate quantification of very low levels of fibrinogen is needed. The Hemosil TM Fibrinogen-C XC Clauss Fibrinogen (FibC) assay measurement range for Instrumentation Laboratory (IL) ACL TOP family (ACL TOP/CTS) analyzers has been expanded to 30–1000 mg/dL. This assay has the capability of accurately measuring plasma fibrinogen in three mode segments: Near Normal for the 100–500mg/dL range, High Fib for samples 500 to 1000mg/dL and Low Fib for samples less than 100mg/dL. The accuracy of the expanded Fibrinogen assay was assured by calibration with the 2nd International Standard for Fibrinogen calibrator, plasma 98/612 and verification with the SCC/ISTH Secondary Coagulation Standard Lot # 3 as well as a 100 donor normal pool. Precision is consistent across the entire range. Normal, low and high samples demonstrated Total CVs of &lt; 7%. The linearity of values across the expanded Fib C measurement range was established using a statistical evaluation based on CLSI EP6-A: Evaluation of the Linearity of Quantitative Measurement Procedures. Overlapping linearity of the 3 mode segments was demonstrated for Low Fib from 30–150 mg/dL, for Fib C from 85–500 mg/dL, for High Fib from 200 –1000 mg/dL as well as for the overall range of 30–1000 mg/dL. As noted, recovered values from Low Fib to Fib C and from Fib C to High Fib overlap when the tests are evaluated individually, but in practice, this Fib C assay will reflex seamlessly to the appropriate low or high test range. Deviation from Linearity, a statistical measure of goodness of fit, was low, less than 7% for 9 equidistant points between 30 and 1100 mg/dL. Linearity and accuracy were further confirmed in an extensive and statistically rigorous CLSI EP9 method comparison study of 200 samples representing a wide variety of clinical disorders Additional studies investigated interferences and other sample specific conditions. Measurements using reflexive modes to extend the Fibrinogen measurable range deliver timely, precise and accurate information to the practicing clinician over the wide diagnostic range of 30–1000 mg/dL.

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