scholarly journals Investigation on Viscosity of CaO-Al2O3 Based Mould Fluxes for the Continuous Casting of High-Al Steels

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Mustafa Seyrek ◽  
Richard Thackray
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Plate Test ◽  
Factsage Software

In this study, the viscosity of CaO-Al2O3 based mould fluxes with the addition of B2O3 and the effects of increasing the lime/alumina ratio have been observed through IPT (Inclined Plate Test). Additionally, FactSage software, Riboud and Urbain models were used to calculate the viscosity of the mould fluxes. The experimental results show that the viscosity of the mould fluxes decreases dramatically with a change in the lime/alumina ratio from 1 to 1.5. They also show that with an increase in the lime/alumina ratio ranging from 1.5 to 2.5, the viscosity slightly decreases, then when the lime/alumina ratio is over 2.5, the viscosity becomes stable. However, the addition of B2O3 decreases the viscosity of the mould fluxes at a lime/alumina ratio of 1.2, 3.3 and 5.5.

Evolution of Porosity in Lotus-Type Porous Copper Fabricated by Continuous Casting Technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 278-280 ◽  
pp. 433-436
Author(s):  
Wen Qiong Li ◽  
Xiang Ming Li ◽  
Qing Lin Jin ◽  
Rong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Conservation Law ◽  
Mass Conservation ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Porous Copper ◽  
The Relationship

Lotus-type porous copper materials were fabricated by continuous casting technique. The relationship between porosity and external pressure were developed based on the solute mass conservation law. Theoretical values of porosity are in agreement with our experimental results. Results show that porosity decreases when the partial pressure of hydrogen increases for cases of no pressure of argon above melt, while porosity first increases and then decreases as the partial pressure of hydrogen increases for case of nonzero pressure of argon above melt.

Calculation of Solidification during Continuous Casting and its Experimental Verification

2005 ◽  
Vol 473-474 ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Fehérvári
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Steel Casting ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Continuous Steel Casting ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Continuous Steel ◽  
Industrial Experiments

Two computer programs were used for simulation of continuous steel casting processes in frame of this work. In the same time industrial experiments by isotope technics were carried out for observation of solidification and shell thickness. The comparison of calculations and experimental results mutually verified the applicability of methods for more sophisticated control of continuous casting procedure.

scholarly journals RANS versus Scale Resolved Approach for Modeling Turbulent Flow in Continuous Casting of Steel

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1140
Author(s):  
Jurij Gregorc ◽  
Ajda Kunavar ◽  
Božidar Šarler
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Particle Image Velocimetry System ◽  
Continuous Casting Of Steel ◽  
Continuous Casting Mold ◽  
Vertical Orientation ◽  
Numerical Predictions

Numerical modeling is the approach used most often for studying and optimizing the molten steel flow in a continuous casting mold. The selection of the physical model might very much influence such studies. Hence, it is paramount to choose a proper model. In this work, the numerical results of four turbulence models are compared to the experimental results of the water model of continuous casting of steel billets using a single SEN port in a downward vertical orientation. Experimental results were obtained with a 2D PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) system with measurements taken at various cut planes. Only hydrodynamic effects without solidification are considered. The turbulence is modeled using the RANS (Realizable k-ε, SST k-ω), hybrid RANS/Scale Resolved (SAS), and Scale Resolved approach (LES). The models are numerically solved by the finite volume method, with volume of fluid treatment at the free interface. The geometry, boundary conditions, and material properties were entirely consistent with those of the water model experimental study. Thus, the study allowed a detailed comparison and validation of the turbulence models used. The numerical predictions are compared to experimental data using contours of velocity and velocity plots. The agreement is assessed by comparing the lateral dispersion of the liquid jet in a streamwise direction for the core flow and the secondary flow behavior where recirculation zones form. The comparison of the simulations shows that while all four models capture general flow features (e.g., mean velocities in the temporal and spatial domain), only the LES model predicts finer turbulent structures and captures temporal flow fluctuations to the extent observed in the experiment, while SAS bridges the gap between RANS and LES.

scholarly journals AN INCLINED-PLATE WAVE GENERATOR

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Frederick Raichlen ◽  
Jiin-Jen Lee
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Method ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Constant Depth ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Plate Wave ◽  
Wave Generator ◽  
Good Agreement

A numerical method for determining the characteristics of waves generated by a hinged inclined-plate wave generator operating in a constant depth channel is discussed. The analysis is in reasonably good agreement with experimental results. The results indicate the sloping generator operating under certain conditions is completely inefficient, i.e., for a given stroke and depth-to-wave-length ratio, very small waves are produced; for other wave periods for the same conditions significantly larger waves are generated.

scholarly journals Modification of Alumina Inclusions in SWRS82B Steel by Adding Rare Earth Cerium

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1696
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Changrong Li ◽  
Linzhu Wang ◽  
Xingqiang Xiong ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Steel Strand ◽  
Factsage Software ◽  
Classical Thermodynamics ◽  
Scanning Electron

The aluminum oxide inclusions in SWRS82B steel seriously affect the drawing performance of the steel strand. In this study, the influence of different additions of cerium (within the range of 0–0.034%) on the composition, morphology, size, number, and distribution of alumina inclusions was studied by scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analyzer. The evolution of the composition of inclusions with different cerium additions was calculated based on classical thermodynamics and Factsage software calculation. The thermodynamic calculated results were consistent with the experimental results. It indicates that the modification route of Al2O3 inclusions in SWRS82B steel by increased cerium additions is as follows: Al2O3 → Ce2S3 + CeAlO3 + Ce2O2S + Al2O3 → Ce2S3 + CeAlO3 + Ce2O2S/Ce2S3 + Ce2O2S → Ce2S3 + Ce2O2S. Besides, when the amount of cerium is in the range of 0.023% to 0.030%, CeAlO3 inclusions gradually disappear. The best characteristics of inclusions in this study were obtained in experimental samples with cerium addition of 0.023%, in which the minimum size of inclusions is in the range of 3.52–4.84 μm and mostly uniform distribution. Finally, the mechanism on the modification by cerium was discussed based on the composition evolution of inclusion during solidification with Factsage calculation and experimental results. The compositions of inclusions were also analyzed based on the inclusion evolution model.

Effects of Homogenization on the Formability of ZM21 Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 355-359
Author(s):  
Jian Peng ◽  
Fu Sheng Pan ◽  
Ming Zhou ◽  
Pei Dao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Hardness Testing ◽  
Homogenizing Annealing ◽  
Hot Compress

The effects of homogenization on the formability for hot deformation of ZM21 wrought magnesium alloys was investigated. The alloys were produced by semi-continuous casting. Experiments including homogenizing annealing, micro-hardness testing and hot compress testing on Gleeble 1500D thermal simulator were carried out. The suggested homogenization parameters from the experimental results for ZM21 alloy is 400C×12h.

scholarly journals Morphological Evolution and Interfacial Effects Analysis of Drop Motion in Transverse Vibration of Inclined Plate

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
Jing Xu ◽  
Jingxuan Ma ◽  
Jing Ni ◽  
Shaochao Fan ◽  
Linan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Vibration ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Interfacial Effects ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Drop Motion ◽  
And Migration

Based on experimental and simulation research, analysis of the morphological evolution and interfacial effects of drop motion in the transverse vibration of inclined micro-textured plate are studied. Experimental results show the morphological evolution of drop involves an oscillation stage, spreading and migration stage, and infiltration stage. The spread diameter increases from the initial 3.02 to 5.12 mm. Meanwhile, based on the real experimental morphology of the drop dynamic wettability, a two-phase flow theoretical model of motion evolution of forced vibration drop was established to simulate the drop spreading process. The analysis result shows the calculated results are close to the experimental results, and the on micro-textured surface is faster spreading coefficient is S-shaped and increases with the increase of time. The spreading velocity than the smooth one, and there is low-speed rotating airflow in the micro-textured pit. The vortex cushion effect and vortex wheel effect are the main reasons for the acceleration of drop motion. Two interfacial effects reduce the friction resistance and impel fluid movement.

Thin Aluminum Sheets: Continuous Casting and Rolling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildiko Peter ◽  
Mario Rosso
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Short History ◽  
Homogenization Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Sheets ◽  
Thin Aluminum

This article provides a short history and presents the state of the art of continuous casting and rolling of aluminum and its alloys, currently used for the production of Al alloy sheets for different applications. Some fundamental aspects related to this technology are integrated with experimental results obtained by the authors during the years spent studying the development of grain structure and the effect of homogenization treatment and rolling on the microstructural evolution of Al sheets.

Diagnostics of Gold Laser Plasmas

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
J.C. Gauthier ◽  
J.P. Geindre ◽  
P. Monier ◽  
C. Chenais-Popovics ◽  
N. Tragin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Pure Gold ◽  
Electronic Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laser Plasmas ◽  
Collisional Radiative Model ◽  
Radiative Model

AbstractIn order to achieve a nickel-like X ray laser scheme we need a tool to determine the parameters which characterise the high-Z plasma. The aim of this work is to study gold laser plasmas and to compare experimental results to a collisional-radiative model which describes nickel-like ions. The electronic temperature and density are measured by the emission of an aluminium tracer. They are compared to the predictions of the nickel-like model for pure gold. The results show that the density and temperature can be estimated in a pure gold plasma.

Observation of Phase Contrast Images in STEM and CTEM Modes by Using 100 kV Field Emission Electron Gun

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 390-391
Author(s):  
Y. Harada ◽  
T. Goto ◽  
H. Koike ◽  
T. Someya
Keyword(s):  
Field Emission ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Image Formation ◽  
Fresnel Diffraction ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Emission Electron ◽  
Lattice Images

Since phase contrasts of STEM images, that is, Fresnel diffraction fringes or lattice images, manifest themselves in field emission scanning microscopy, the mechanism for image formation in the STEM mode has been investigated and compared with that in CTEM mode, resulting in the theory of reciprocity. It reveals that contrast in STEM images exhibits the same properties as contrast in CTEM images. However, it appears that the validity of the reciprocity theory, especially on the details of phase contrast, has not yet been fully proven by the experiments. In this work, we shall investigate the phase contrast images obtained in both the STEM and CTEM modes of a field emission microscope (100kV), and evaluate the validity of the reciprocity theory by comparing the experimental results.

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