scholarly journals Current Trends in Random Walks on Random Lattices

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1148
Author(s):  
Jewgeni H. Dshalalow ◽  
Ryan T. White
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Random Walks ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Escape Time ◽  
The Real ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
One Step ◽  
Time Position

In a classical random walk model, a walker moves through a deterministic d-dimensional integer lattice in one step at a time, without drifting in any direction. In a more advanced setting, a walker randomly moves over a randomly configured (non equidistant) lattice jumping a random number of steps. In some further variants, there is a limited access walker’s moves. That is, the walker’s movements are not available in real time. Instead, the observations are limited to some random epochs resulting in a delayed information about the real-time position of the walker, its escape time, and location outside a bounded subset of the real space. In this case we target the virtual first passage (or escape) time. Thus, unlike standard random walk problems, rather than crossing the boundary, we deal with the walker’s escape location arbitrarily distant from the boundary. In this paper, we give a short historical background on random walk, discuss various directions in the development of random walk theory, and survey most of our results obtained in the last 25–30 years, including the very recent ones dated 2020–21. Among different applications of such random walks, we discuss stock markets, stochastic networks, games, and queueing.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Evaluation of Three One-Step Real-Time RT-PCR Assays in Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Go-Eun Shin ◽  
Ji-Young Park ◽  
Kyoung-Ki Lee ◽  
Mi-Kyeong Ko ◽  
Bok-Kyung Ku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
The Real ◽  
One Step ◽  
Pcr Assays

Abstract Background Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has caused huge economic losses in the global swine industry. Frequent genetic variations in this virus cause difficulties in controlling and accurately diagnosing PRRSV. Methods In this study, we investigated the genetic characteristics of PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 circulating in Korea from January 2018 to September 2021 and evaluated three one-step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. Results A total of 129 lung samples were collected, consisting of 47 samples for PRRSV-1, 62 samples for PRRSV-2, and 20 PRRSV-negative samples. Nucleotide sequence analysis of open reading frames (ORFs) 5, ORF6, and ORF7 genes from PRRSV samples showed that PRRSV-1 belonged to subgroup A (43/47, 91.49%) and subgroup C (4/47, 8.51%), whereas PRRSV-2 was classified as lineage 1 (25/62, 40.32%), Korean lineage (Kor) C (13/62, 20.97%), Kor B (10/62, 16.13%), lineage 5 (9/62, 14.52%), and Kor A (5/62, 8.06%). Amino acid sequence analysis showed that the neutralizing epitope and T cell epitope of PRRSV-1, and the decoy epitope region and hypervariable regions of PRRSV-2 had evolved under positive selection pressure. In particular, the key amino acid substitutions were found at positions 102 and 104 of glycoprotein 5 (GP5) in some PRRSV-2, and at positions 10 and 70 of membrane protein (M) in most PRRSV-2. In addition, one-step real-time RT-PCR assays, comprising two commercial tests and one test recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), were evaluated. Conclusion The results revealed that two of the real-time RT-PCR assays had high sensitivities and specificities, whereas the real-time RT-PCR assay of the OIE had low sensitivity due to mismatches between nucleotides of Korean PRRSVs and forward primers. In this study, we genetically characterized recent PRRSV occurrences and evaluated three one-step real-time RT-PCR assays used in Korea.

SU-FF-T-77: Accuracy of Gated IMRT Delivery On the Varian Linac Using the Real-Time Position Management System

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (6Part7) ◽  
pp. 2066-2066
Author(s):  
A Hsu ◽  
B Thorndyke ◽  
T Pawlicki ◽  
L Xing
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Management System ◽  
The Real ◽  
Time Position ◽  
Position Management

scholarly journals An Online Solution of LiDAR Scan Matching Aided Inertial Navigation System for Indoor Mobile Mapping

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoji Niu ◽  
Tong Yu ◽  
Jian Tang ◽  
Le Chang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Scan Matching ◽  
Mobile Mapping ◽  
The Real ◽  
One Step ◽  
Indoor Navigation System ◽  
Simultaneous Location And Mapping

Multisensors (LiDAR/IMU/CAMERA) integrated Simultaneous Location and Mapping (SLAM) technology for navigation and mobile mapping in a GNSS-denied environment, such as indoor areas, dense forests, or urban canyons, becomes a promising solution. An online (real-time) version of such system can extremely extend its applications, especially for indoor mobile mapping. However, the real-time response issue of multisensors is a big challenge for an online SLAM system, due to the different sampling frequencies and processing time of different algorithms. In this paper, an online Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) integrated algorithm of LiDAR scan matching and IMU mechanization for Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) indoor navigation system is introduced. Since LiDAR scan matching is considerably more time consuming than the IMU mechanism, the real-time synchronous issue is solved via a one-step-error-state-transition method in EKF. Stationary and dynamic field tests had been performed using a UGV platform along typical corridor of office building. Compared to the traditional sequential postprocessed EKF algorithm, the proposed method can significantly mitigate the time delay of navigation outputs under the premise of guaranteeing the positioning accuracy, which can be used as an online navigation solution for indoor mobile mapping.

The Study on Wireless Location Based on SQlite Database and ZigBee Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 440 ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
Chao Zhu ◽  
Gang Du ◽  
Yun Tao Gou ◽  
Qian Li
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Wireless Location ◽  
Electronic Map ◽  
The Real ◽  
Zigbee Technology ◽  
Database Table ◽  
Guide System ◽  
Time Position ◽  
Sqlite Database

Applying SQlite database and ZigBee technology to the development of the smart supermarket shopping guide system and by prompting customers the target area and locating the real-time position of them, this paper solves the problem that customers can't find target goods quickly in large supermarkets. When customers want to search target goods quickly, firstly the monitor terminal installed in a shopping cart queries SQlite database table to obtain the position of the target area and display it on the electronic map, then it locates the real-time position of customers by ZigBee wireless network and refreshes coordinates of customers constantly. According to the electronic map, customers can go to the target area quickly and find the target goods easier.

scholarly journals Direct detection of Dengue viruses without extraction of RNA on the mobile real-time PCR device

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Muraoka ◽  
Yukiko Tanoi ◽  
Tetsutaro Tada ◽  
Aya Tabata ◽  
Mikio Mizukoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
The Real ◽  
One Step

ABSTRACTDengue virus (DENV) is the cause of dengue / severe dengue and a virus of the Flaviviridae family, furthermore, dengue fever has rapidly spread in the world in recent decades. DENV is transmitted by female mosquitoes, mainly of the specie Aedes aegypti. The main method to control or prevent the transmission of DENV is to combat the mosquito vectors. Among these, one of important methods is to monitor the DENVs in the mosquito vectors.For the detection of DENV, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) were recommended, of which criterion standard is real-time RT-PCR with highly sensitive and specific. However, it takes long time as to judge the result per a reaction, besides the necessity of the treatment of RNA in advance, example of extraction, concentration and purification.It was our object in this time to develop the method of real-time RT-PCR detecting DENVs in shorter time, moreover without especial treatment of RNA from the mosquito in advance. Besides, this work was performed with combing the mobile real-time PCR device with the one-step RT-PCR reagent.Firstly, we succeeded in shortening the time of real-time RT-PCR for the detection of DENV per one reaction, so that the judgement needed less than 20 minutes if genomic RNA treated in advance. Moreover, each value on the real-PCR device was quantitatively correlated with the positive control RNA from 1.0 × 10 ^ 3 copies to 1.0 × 10 ^ 0 copies per reaction (This correlation coefficient R2 > 0.95). Additionally, it made sure that this method could be applied to each DENV serotype.Secondly, we established the basis of procedure for the real-time RT-PCR without the treatment in advance so-called “direct”. As the result that the positive control RNA additive was utilized instead of the real DENV, spiked into the mosquito homogenized and sampled the supernatant without treatment, it was possible to detect on the real-time RT-PCR even if mosquitoes immediately after blood-feeding. For this reason, this method might be able to utilize in human sera, too.According to the results of this work, we could suggest the method is possible to detect DENV more quickly and more simply than heretofore. The Real-time “direct” RT-PCR, especially, could be performed with mobile real-time PCR PCR1100 device and one step RT-PCR reagent only. This method must help to detect some viruses other than DENV, too.

Dielectric Properties of Semiconductors by TDDFT in Real-Space and Real-Time Approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunari Zempo ◽  
Nobuhiko Akino
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
The Real ◽  
Function Change ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Static Dielectric Constants ◽  
Band Separation

ABSTRACTThe dielectric responses of semiconductors such as C, Ge, Si, and AlGaAs are studied by the time-dependent density-functional theory. In our study, the real-space grid representation of the electron wave functions is used and the real-time approach is employed for the dynamics of the system. Both the static and dynamic dielectric functions are calculated, and we yielded that the static dielectric constants ε(0) are especially in good agreement with the experimental values. The effect of Al-component in the compound semiconductor AlxGa1−xAs is also studied. The peaks of the imaginary part of the dielectric function change with the band separation as a function of the Al-component. Furthermore, the static dielectric constants show the expected change due to the band separation as a function of the Al-component.

Sci-PM Sat - 08: Feasibility of gated helical tomotherapy using the real-time position management (RPM) system

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (7Part3) ◽  
pp. 2428-2428 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Kim ◽  
T Kron ◽  
J Chen ◽  
S Yartsev ◽  
S Gaede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Helical Tomotherapy ◽  
The Real ◽  
Rpm System ◽  
Time Position ◽  
Position Management

Optical Responses of Conjugated Polymers by TDDFT in Real-Space and Real-Time Approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiko Akino ◽  
Yasunari Zempo
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
The Real ◽  
Optical Responses ◽  
Dependent Density

ABSTRACTThe time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) has applied to study the optical responses of the conjugated polymers such as poly(p-phenylenevinylene) and poly(9, 9-dialkyl-fluorene). In our study, the real-space grid representation is used for the electron wavefunctions in contrast to a conventional basis set on each atom. In the calculations of the optical responses, the real-time approach is employed, where we follow the linear responses of the systems under externally applied perturbations in the real time. Since a real polymer is too large to handle, we have calculated the oligomers with different length and observed the spectrum peak is redshifted as the length of oligomer increases. The property of the polymer is extrapolated as the infinitely long oligomer. The estimated polymer spectra agree with the experiments reasonably well.

scholarly journals Correlated random walks with stay

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-222
Author(s):  
Ram Lal ◽  
U. Narayan Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Random Walk ◽  
Random Walks ◽  
Equilibrium Solution ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Transition Probability Matrix ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
One Step ◽  
Bivariate Markov Chain

A random walk describes the movement of a particle in discrete time, with the direction and the distance traversed in one step being governed by a probability distribution. In a correlated random walk (CRW) the movement follows a Markov chain and induces correlation in the state of the walk at various epochs. Then, the walk can be modelled as a bivariate Markov chain with the location of the particle and the direction of movement as the two variables. In such random walks, normally, the particle is not allowed to stay at one location from one step to the next. In this paper we derive explicit results for the following characteristics of the CRW when it is allowed to stay at the same location, directly from its transition probability matrix: (i) equilibrium solution and the fast passage probabilities for the CRW restricted on one side, and (ii) equilibrium solution and first passage characteristics for the CRW restricted on bath sides (i.e., with finite state space).

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