scholarly journals Second-Generation Lignocellulosic Supportive Material Improves Atomic Ratios of C:O and H:O and Thermomechanical Behavior of Hybrid Non-Woody Pellets

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4219
Author(s):  
Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira ◽  
Ronaldo da Silva Viana ◽  
Victor Hugo Cruz ◽  
Anderson Chagas Magalhães ◽  
Celso Tadao Miasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Thermomechanical Behavior ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Second Generation Bioethanol ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
And Storage

Pellets refer to solid biofuels for heating and power. The pellet’s integrity is of great relevant to ensure safe and effective transportation and storage, and comfort to stakeholders. Several materials that are supportive, whether organic and inorganic, to pellets exist. However, no work in the literature is linking making hybrid non-wood pellets with addition of residual biomass from distillation of cellulosic bioethanol, and this requires further investigations. Figuring out how effective this challenging agro-industrial residue could be for reinforcing non-wood pellets is accordingly the scientific point of this study focusing on management of waste and valorization of biomass. The pilot-scale manufacturing of hybrid pellets consisted of systematically pressing sugarcane bagasse with the lignocellulosic reinforcement at the mass ratios of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 on an automatic pelletizer machine at 200 MPa and 125 °C. Elemental contents of C and H, durability, and energy density all increased significantly from 50.05 to 53.50%, 5.95 to 7.80%, 95.90 to 99.55%, and 28.20 to 31.20 MJ kg−1, respectively, with blending the starting material with the reinforcement at 1:3. Preliminary evidence of residual biomass from distillation of second-generation bioethanol capable of highly improving molecular flammable/combustible properties, mechanical stability, and fuel power of composite non-wood pellets exist.

scholarly journals Anti-Thermal Shock Binding of Liquid-State Food Waste to Non-Wood Pellets

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3280
Author(s):  
Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira ◽  
Ronaldo da Silva Viana ◽  
Victor Hugo Cruz ◽  
Paulo Renato Matos Lopes ◽  
Celso Tadao Miasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Mechanical Fracture ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
State Food ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
And Storage

The development and implementation of strategies to assist safe and effective transport and storage of pellets in containers and indoor facilities without heating systems are challenging. This study primarily aimed to reshape the organic fraction of municipal solid waste into a liquid-state binder in order to develop freezing–defrosting-proof non-wood pellets. The introduction of the standard solution of food waste into the process of pelleting consisted of stirring it together with the residual biomass from distillation of cellulosic bioethanol or alternatively spraying very fine droplets on the layer of the starting material before it entered the pilot-scale automatic machine at 200 MPa and 125 °C. The addition by spraying of carbohydrate-rich supplement boiled for five minutes caused the pellets to show increases in apparent density (1250.8500 kg·m−3), durability (99.7665%), and hydrophobicity (93.9785%), and consistently prevented them from suffering severe mechanical fracture by thermal shock. The fractal dimension of breakpoints, cracks, and delamination on the finished surface for these products was the smallest at 1.7500–1.7505. Sprayed pellets would fall into the strictest grid of products for residential heat-and-power units, even after freezing and defrosting. The conclusion is therefore that spraying can spectacularly ensure the reliability of liquid-state food waste as an anti-thermal shock binder for non-wood pellets.

scholarly journals Identification of the major fermentation inhibitors of recombinant 2G yeasts in diverse lignocellulose hydrolysates

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Vanmarcke ◽  
Mekonnen M. Demeke ◽  
Maria R. Foulquié-Moreno ◽  
Johan M. Thevelein
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Fermentation Inhibitors ◽  
Inhibitor Tolerance ◽  
Xylose Consumption ◽  
Process Economics ◽  
Partial Inhibition ◽  
Second Generation Bioethanol ◽  
Lignocellulose Hydrolysates

Abstract Background Presence of inhibitory chemicals in lignocellulose hydrolysates is a major hurdle for production of second-generation bioethanol. Especially cheaper pre-treatment methods that ensure an economical viable production process generate high levels of these inhibitory chemicals. The effect of several of these inhibitors has been extensively studied with non-xylose-fermenting laboratory strains, in synthetic media, and usually as single inhibitors, or with inhibitor concentrations much higher than those found in lignocellulose hydrolysates. However, the relevance of individual inhibitors in inhibitor-rich lignocellulose hydrolysates has remained unclear. Results The relative importance for inhibition of ethanol fermentation by two industrial second-generation yeast strains in five lignocellulose hydrolysates, from bagasse, corn cobs and spruce, has now been investigated by spiking higher concentrations of each compound in a concentration range relevant for industrial hydrolysates. The strongest inhibition was observed with industrially relevant concentrations of furfural causing partial inhibition of both D-glucose and D-xylose consumption. Addition of 3 or 6 g/L furfural strongly reduced the ethanol titer obtained with strain MD4 in all hydrolysates evaluated, in a range of 34 to 51% and of 77 to 86%, respectively. This was followed by 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, acetic acid and formic acid, for which in general, industrially relevant concentrations caused partial inhibition of D-xylose fermentation. On the other hand, spiking with levulinic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid or vanillin caused little inhibition compared to unspiked hydrolysate. The further evolved MD4 strain generally showed superior performance compared to the previously developed strain GSE16-T18. Conclusion The results highlight the importance of individual inhibitor evaluation in a medium containing a genuine mix of inhibitors as well as the ethanol that is produced by the fermentation. They also highlight the potential of increasing yeast inhibitor tolerance for improving industrial process economics.

Ionic Liquid 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride/FeCl3 Pretreatment of Sugarcane Residue for Second Generation Bioethanol Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 1662-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Juan Juan Fei ◽  
Xu Ding Gu ◽  
Geng Sheng Ji ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Cellulosic Biomass ◽  
Candida Shehatae ◽  
Second Generation Bioethanol ◽  
Temperature Pretreatment

This study aims to establish a natural cellulosic biomass pretreatment process using ionic liquid (IL) for efficient enzymatic hydrolysis and second generation bioethanol. The IL 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride/FeCl3 ([Bmim]Cl/FeCl3) was selected in view of its low temperature pretreatment ability and the potential of accelerating enzymatic hydrolysis, and it could be recyclable. The yield of reducing sugars from sugarcane residue pretreated with this IL at 80 oC for 1 h reached 46.8% after being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 24 h. Sugarcane residue regenerated were hydrolyzed more easily than that treated with water. The fermentability of the hydrolyzates, obtained after enzymatic saccharification of the regenerated sugarcane residue, was transformed into bioethanol using Candida shehatae. This microbe could absorb glucose and xylose efficiently, and the ethanol production was 0.38 g/g glucose within 30 h fermentation. In conclusion, the metal ionic liquid pretreatment in low temperature shows promise as pretreatment solvent for natural biomass.

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