scholarly journals Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Evaluation of the Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Leaf and Bark Extracts of Crataegus oxyacantha in Murine Model

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2217
Author(s):  
Fany Renata Aguilera-Rodríguez ◽  
Ana Lourdes Zamora-Perez ◽  
Clara Luz Galván-Moreno ◽  
Rosalinda Gutiérrez-Hernández ◽  
Claudia Araceli Reyes Estrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Murine Model ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Sampling Times

Crataegus oxyacantha has been mainly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, its safety profile has not been fully established, since only the genotoxic effects of C. oxyacantha fruit have been described. Therefore, the objective of this work was evaluating the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the aqueous and hydroalcoholic leaf and bark extracts of C. oxyacantha by means of the micronucleus test in a murine model. Doses of 2000, 1000, and 500 mg/kg of both extracts were administered orally for 5 days in mice of the Balb-C strain. Peripheral blood smears were performed at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after each administration. The number of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs), micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs), and micronucleated erythrocytes (MNEs) was determined at the different sampling times. Our results showed that the leaf and bark of C. oxyacantha increase the number of MNEs at the 2000 mg/kg dose, and only the aqueous leaf extract decreases the number of PCEs at the same dose. Therefore, the aqueous and hydroalcoholic leaf and bark extracts of C. oxyacantha showed genotoxic effects, and only the aqueous leaf extract exhibited cytotoxic effects.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-Cytotoxic and Anti-Genotoxic Effects of Nigella sativa through a Micronucleus Test in BALB/c Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
Raúl S. Franco-Ramos ◽  
Carlos A. López-Romero ◽  
Hugo Torres-Ortega ◽  
Darío Oseguera-Herrera ◽  
Jose P. Lamoreaux-Aguayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes

Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is a medicinal plant used for its therapeutic pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and immunomodulation. This study explored the anti-cytotoxic and anti-genotoxic effect of N. sativa through a micronucleus test (MNT) of BALB/c mice peripheral blood. Using 6-to-8-week-old healthy male BALB/c mice, four groups were formed: (1) Control (sterile water), single-dose 2 mg/kg/intraperitoneal (i.p); (2) N. sativa oil, 500 mg/kg/24 h/7 days/i.p; (3) Cisplatin (CP), single-dose 2 mg/kg/subcutaneous (s.c); (4) N. sativa + CP with their respective dosage. When evaluating polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE), a biomarker of cytotoxicity, the group treated with N. sativa + CP experienced an increase in the frequency of PCE, which demonstrated the recovery of bone marrow and modulation of cell proliferation. The analysis of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE), an acute genotoxicity biomarker, showed similar frequency of MNPCE within the groups except in CP, but, in the N. sativa + CP group, the frequency of MNPCE decreased and then regulated. Finally, the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes (MNE), a biomarker of genotoxicity, the supplementation of N. sativa oil did not induce genotoxic damage in this model. Thus, we conclude that N. sativa has both cytoprotective, genoprotective effects and modulates cell proliferation in BALB/c mice.

PHENYTOIN SODIUM INDUCED MICRONUCLEI IN THE POLYCHROMATIC ERYTHROCYTES OF CD-1 MOUSE PERIPHERAL BLOOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (41-42) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norberto Alarcón-Herrera ◽  
Saúl Flores-Maya
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Cell Kinetics ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Phenytoin Sodium ◽  
Neural Disorders ◽  
Higher Doses

Seizures are one of the most common neural disorders, and may be sporadic or recurrent (epilepsy) crisis. In the case of people with epilepsy, these must be treated throughout their lives, being a major phenytoin prescription for seizure control medicines out. However, despite having several decades in the market there is very little information about their genotoxic effects. Therefore in this study to evaluate the ability of phenytoin to induce genotoxic damage for 30 days using the micronucleus test in mice <em>Mus musculus</em> CD-1 strain. It was determined that the three doses of phenytoin used (2.8, 4.2 and 6.64 mg/kg) induced clastogenicity in mouse chromosomes, that at higher doses the damage is greater. Furthermore, also inhibiting cytotoxic damage induced cell kinetics for doses of 4.2 and 6.64 mg/kg.

scholarly journals Antiallergic effect of an aqueous leaf extract of Pistia stratiotes in murine model of ovalbumin-induced allergic conjunctivitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
GeorgeAsumeng Koffuor ◽  
Samuel Kyei ◽  
EmmanuelA Asiamah ◽  
ClementNsobire Atobiga ◽  
Agnes Awuah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Murine Model ◽  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Antiallergic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

An evaluation of the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of the anti-obesity drugs sibutramine and fenproporex

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano José da Silva ◽  
José Ernesto dos Santos ◽  
Catarina Satie Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives ◽  
Obesity Drugs

Anti-obesity medications deserve special considerations at the present time due to an increasing number of overweight and obese people who require these therapeutic alternatives. Obesity is positively associated with several chronic illnesses, including cancer. In this work, we evaluated the possible genotoxic and/or cytotoxic actions of two drugs, sibutramine and fenproporex, in the doses of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight (bw), administered intraperitoneally in male Swiss mice. The genotoxic effect was analyzed by comet assay and micronucleus test. We found that both drugs increased the frequency of genotoxic damage in Swiss mice, but did not present cytotoxic activities towards the polychromatic erythrocytes of the bone marrow of these animals.

Evaluation of cytogenotoxic potential of Morinda lucida leaf extract on Swiss albino male mice using two bioassays

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abass Toba Anifowoshe ◽  
Adam Olaitan Abdulkareem ◽  
Olufunke Adenike Opeyemi ◽  
Ololade Matthew Aina ◽  
Damilola Eyiyemi Makanjuola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

AbstractBackground: Utilization of Morinda lucida for the treatment of ailments such as malaria, diarrhea, infertility in women, and dysentery in many countries including Nigeria is on increase due to its efficiency, availability, and affordability. However, its cytogenotoxicity has not been elucidated. This study investigated the phytochemical constituents and possible genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of M. lucida leaf extract in Swiss albino male mice using bone marrow micronucleus and sperm morphology assays. Methods: Plant materials was collected, thoroughly washed, and air-dried at room temperature prior to maceration. The extract was assessed for the presence of the phytochemical compounds. Swiss albino male mice (Mus musculus) (n=4) were treated with different concentrations of this extract (400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, and 1200 mg/kg) while distilled water was used as negative control. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed that the extract contains saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, and tannins. We observed micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) and normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) of 3.20%, 1.10%, and 1.95% at different concentrations of 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, and 1200 mg/kg respectively in the treated animals. The result showed no significant increase in the frequency of abnormalities (p < 0.05) when compared to the negative control; however, in separate analysis of mono-micronucleated PCE and mono-micronucleated NCE per group, a significant increase at 400 mg/kg and 1200 mg/kg concentrations was observed. The sperm anomalies decreased with increase in concentration. Conclusions: This study recommends 800 mg/kg concentration of the plant extract; however, it should be further and properly investigated as it contains some pharmaceutical components that can be used for pharmacological purposes.

Protective influence of Carica papaya L. aqueous leaf extract against hyperuricemia and acute renal injury in a murine model

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pacifico Eric Calderon ◽  
Chrizarah San Juan ◽  
Mary Grace San Pedro ◽  
Ariane Marie Reyes ◽  
Patrick Jerome Salom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Murine Model ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Acute Renal Injury ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

scholarly journals Larvicidal, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of aqueous leaf extract of Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 34501 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Rafael Silva Araújo ◽  
Maria Wlly Da Silva Costa ◽  
Wallace Baldez Oliveira ◽  
Reginaldo Roris Cavalcante ◽  
Pedro Marcos Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Cellular Toxicity ◽  
Larvicidal Effect ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Allium Cepa Test ◽  
Positive Controls

 The present study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal effect of aqueous leaf extract from Jatropha mollissima on the larvae of Aedes aegypti and analyze its cytotoxic and genotoxic activity in the Allium cepa test. Larvae of the mosquito were exposed to the negative and positive controls (distilled water and diflubenzuron, 0.003 mg mL-1, respectively) and to leaf extract concentrations of 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1 mg mL-1. The mortality rate was evaluated every 24 hours over five days. For the cytotoxic and genotoxic analyses, roots of A. cepa were exposed to the negative (distilled water) and positive control (trifluralin, 0.84 ppm) and to different leaf extract concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg mL-1) for 24 hours. The statistical analyses were performed by Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05). The leaf extract presented promising larvicidal activity at the concentrations of 0.08 and 0.1 mg mL-1, and none of the concentrations evaluated in A. cepa exhibited cytotoxic or genotoxic effect. Since the larvicidal action of J. mollissima and the absence of cellular toxicity have been demonstrated, further studies are recommended to determine the mechanism of action of the extract as a possible natural larvicide. 

scholarly journals Safety and antidiarrheal activity of Priva adhaerens aqueous leaf extract in a murine model

2014 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Nansunga ◽  
Ambrose Barasa ◽  
Justus Abimana ◽  
Paul E. Alele ◽  
Josephine Kasolo
Keyword(s):  
Murine Model ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity

scholarly journals Micronucleated Erythrocytes in Peripheral Blood from Neonate Rats Exposed by Breastfeeding to Cyclophosphamide, Colchicine, or Cytosine-Arabinoside

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda C. Gómez-Meda ◽  
Luis R. Bañales-Martínez ◽  
Ana L. Zamora-Perez ◽  
María de Lourdes Lemus-Varela ◽  
Xóchitl Trujillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytosine Arabinoside ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Nursing Mothers ◽  
Genotoxic Compounds

Genotoxic exposure to chemical substances is common, and nursing mothers could transmit harmful substances or their metabolites to their offspring through breast milk. We explored the possibility of determining genotoxic effects in the erythrocytes of breastfeeding rat pups whose mothers received a genotoxic compound while nursing. Ten groups of female rats and five pups per dam were studied. The control group received sterile water, and the experimental groups received one of three different doses of cyclophosphamide, colchicine, or cytosine-arabinoside. Blood smears were prepared from samples taken from each dam and pup every 24 h for six days. There were increased numbers of micronucleated erythrocytes (MNEs) and micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in the samples from pups in the experimental groups (P<0.02) and increased MNPCE frequencies in the samples from the dams (P<0.05). These results demonstrate the vertical transmission of the genotoxic effect of the compounds tested. In conclusion, assessing MNEs in breastfeeding neonate rats to assess DNA damage may be a useful approach for identifying genotoxic compounds and/or cytotoxic effects. This strategy could help in screening for therapeutic approaches that are genotoxic during the lactation stage and these assessments might also be helpful for developing preventive strategies to counteract harmful effects.

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