scholarly journals Prediction of Socio-Economic Indicators for Urban Planning Using VHR Satellite Imagery and Spatial Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebhard Warth ◽  
Andreas Braun ◽  
Oliver Assmann ◽  
Kevin Fleckenstein ◽  
Volker Hochschild
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Infrastructure Planning ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Building Typology

Ongoing urbanization leads to steady growth of urban areas. In the case of highly dynamic change of municipalities, due to the rates of change, responsible administrations often are challenged or struggle with capturing present states of urban sites or accurately planning future urban development. An interest for urban planning lies on socio-economic conditions, as consumption and production of disposable goods are related to economic possibilities. Therefore, we developed an approach to generate relevant parameters for infrastructure planning by means of remote sensing and spatial analysis. In this study, the single building defines the spatial unit for the parameters. In the case city Belmopan (Belize), based on WorldView-1 data we manually define a city covering building dataset. Residential buildings are classified to eight building types which are locally adapted to Belmopan. A random forest (RF) classifier is trained with locally collected training data. Through household interviews focusing on household assets, income and educational level, a socio-economic point (SEP) scaling is defined, which correlates very well with the defined building typology. In order to assign socio-economic parameters to the single building, five socio-economic classes (SEC) are established based on SEP statistics for the building types. The RF building type classification resulted in high accuracies. Focusing on the three categories to describe residential socio-economic states allowed high correlations between the defined building and socio-economic points. Based on the SEP we projected a citywide residential socio-economic building classification to support supply and disposal infrastructure planning.

ASSESSMENT OF THE ROAD NOISE IMPACT ON THE LIVING CONDITIONS IN URBAN AREAS

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Татьяна Ивановна Прожорина ◽  
Семен Александрович Куролап ◽  
Анастасия Сергеевна Боева
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Vehicle Noise ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Lane ◽  
Steady Growth

В современных городах отмечается устойчивый рост автомобильного транспорта, что служит условием формирования акустического дискомфорта и причиной появления некоторых экологически обусловленных заболеваний у населения. Приведено описание методики натурных экспериментов по измерению уровня шума в городской среде в различных условиях. Проведена оценка уровня автотранспортного шума в зависимости от расстояния между первой полосой движения и жилой застройкой. Исследовано влияние шума на условия среды обитания в жилых помещениях при открытых и закрытых створках окон, а также в режиме проветривания в дневное и вечернее время суток. Установлена экспериментальная зависимость эквивалентного уровня автотранспортного шума от этажности жилых зданий. In modern cities there is a steady growth of road transport, which serves as a condition for formation of the acoustic discomfort that leads to the emergence of some environmentally caused diseases. The article describes the methodology of field experiments for measuring noise level in an urban environment under various conditions. The level of motor vehicle noise was assessed depending on the distance between the first traffic lane and residential buildings. The influence of noise on the living environment conditions in residential premises with open and closed windows, as well as in the mode of ventilation both in the day and evening time. As well we established the experimental dependence of the equivalent level of motor vehicle noise on the number of floors of residential buildings.

scholarly journals Positive Energy District Replication - Case Study of the City of Trencin, Slovakia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022087
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ondrejicka ◽  
Michal Hajduk ◽  
Lubomir Jamecny ◽  
Milan Husar ◽  
Matej Jasso
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Planning System ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Core ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
The City

Abstract Energy efficiency has been of the key topics for urban planning for the past few years in relation to sustainable development, resilience as well as climate change. There are many technological approaches aiming at efficient use of energy, innovative technologies and renewable sources of energy, but what is often missing is its relation to spatial planning and planning system and documentation. Horizon 2020 project Making City is striving to promote Positive Energy District (PED) planning and methodology aiming at development of new integrated strategies to address the urban energy system transformation towards low carbon cities, with the PED approach as the core of the urban energy transition pathway. It is implemented on the level of cities and city districts, having two types of areas – two lighthouse cities and six follower cities. The city of Trencin (Slovakia) is one of the follower cities where multiple urban areas have been selected to replicate the PED concept developed by the project consortium. Trencin is the eight largest city is Slovakia with a rich manufacturing history in textile and arms industry. It is currently focusing on diversified its economic activities in the sectors of tourism, innovation, culture and industry. The PED replication will involve a broader city centre area including multiple municipal buildings (schools and sports infrastructures) and residential buildings (individual housing and apartments). The following paper describes the key notions from the PED concept providing a holistic approach on harmonizing energy and urban planning for energy. It evolved from single, unintegrated, simple “building” based interventions into PED concepts looking forward to reaching energy and climate targets which will lead to an integrated energy planning. The paper further explores this PED approach in the city of Trencin, including the challenges it had to overcome during the implementation, as well as perspectives for its future development. The aim of the project further on is to create a standardized concept ready to be the core of specific urban energy transitions planning processes.

Tenants' Satisfaction in High Residential Building

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
UMMU SHOLEHAH MOHD NOR
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Residential Living ◽  
Medium Cost

High residential living in Malaysia has not been widely given a significant emphasises in literature despite its increasing scale and significance in the real estate market. The significance of high rise is mainly due the increasing rate of migration from rural to urban. It is estimated a total of 77.2 percent of the Malaysian population lived in urban areas in 2020. Approximately, 30 percent of this urban population lives in strata housing. These percentages are predicted to continue to increase in the future. The emergence of high residential building has been argued as confronting various problems which has considerable impact on this life style. Satisfaction is an important outcome of living in one’s dwelling, although it is not the only consideration. High residential building in Malaysia encountered numerous problems in term of management aspects, legislation aspects, and residents’ satisfaction. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the tenants’ satisfaction living in high residential buildings in Klang Valley. The questionnaires survey is conducted amongst 276 tenants at low cost and medium cost HRB using random sampling in HRB located at areas under jurisdiction Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur (DBKL), Majlis Bandaraya Subang Jaya (MBSJ), Majlis Bandaraya Shah Alam (MBSA), Majlis Bandaraya Subang Jaya (MBSJ), Majlis Perbandaran Selayang (MPS) and Majlis Perbandaran Ampang Jaya (MPAJ). The result from this study shows that tenant in medium cost residential building are more satisfied in term of facilities and management as compared to tenants in low cost residential building. Tenants also not disclosed to the existing act and procedure related to high residential building. In conclusion, this study suggested the Local Authority to emphasise the role of tenant. These recommendation hopefully will increase the level of satisfaction amongst the residents in HRB.

scholarly journals A Rapid Review on Community Connected Microgrids

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6753
Author(s):  
Moiz Masood Syed ◽  
Gregory M. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Building Energy Use

As the population of urban areas continues to grow, and construction of multi-unit developments surges in response, building energy use demand has increased accordingly and solutions are needed to offset electricity used from the grid. Renewable energy systems in the form of microgrids, and grid-connected solar PV-storage are considered primary solutions for powering residential developments. The primary objectives for commissioning such systems include significant electricity cost reductions and carbon emissions abatement. Despite the proliferation of renewables, the uptake of solar and battery storage systems in communities and multi-residential buildings are less researched in the literature, and many uncertainties remain in terms of providing an optimal solution. This literature review uses the rapid review technique, an industry and societal issue-based version of the systematic literature review, to identify the case for microgrids for multi-residential buildings and communities. The study describes the rapid review methodology in detail and discusses and examines the configurations and methodologies for microgrids.

SISTEM HUNIAN MASA DEPAN BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI UNTUK KEBUTUHAN MANUSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Albert Utama ◽  
Sutarki Sutisna
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Livestock Animal ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
The Times

The Living Bot is a project where future residential buildings will adapt to the times. In the coming year, the human population will continue to grow, so that it will use the land as a place for various needs such as shelter, activities, and other things. Along with this increase in human population, the land will also shrink while the land itself is needed so that humans can meet their food needs either from farming (plants), or through livestock (animal). Therefore, The Living Bot created a system in which human implementation begins to adapt to the life in which they live by implementing a residential system that can produce their own food with plantings that maximize vertical land. This form of shelter can be used as a system so that its application can be carried out. Adaptations that are carried out are by changing the lifestyle of humans to the use of technology. The lifestyle that must adapt is by farming, assisted by A.I. technology. because humans in urban areas do not have a background in growing a food crop. Therefore technology is present in helping urban communities, also assisted by modern planting methods such as using hydroponics, aquaponics, aeroponics, and indoor planting techniques assisted by artificial light such as LEDs. Keywords: Adaptation; Techonology Abstrak The Living Bot merupakan sebuah proyek dimana bangunan hunian pada masa depan akan beradaptasi dengan perkembangan zaman. Pada tahun yang akan datang, populasi manusia akan terus bertambah, sehingga akan menggunakan lahan sebagai tempat untuk berbagai macam kebutuhan seperti tempat tinggal, aktivitas, dan hal lainnya. Seiring dengan pertambahan populasi manusia ini, lahan juga akan semakin menyempit sedangkan lahan sendiri diperlukan agar manusia dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pangannya baik dari hasil bertani (tumbuh-tumbuhan), ataupun melalui peternakan (hewani). Maka dari itu The Living Bot membuat suatu sistem yaitu dimana implementasi manusia mulai beradaptasi dengan kehidupan tempat tinggalnya dengan menerapkan sistem hunian yang dapat menghasilkan makanannya sendiri dengan penanaman-penanaman yang memaksimalkan lahan secara vertikal.Bentuk hunian seperti ini dapat dijadikan sebuah sistem sehingga penerapannya dapat dilakukan di berbagai hunian Adaptasi yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengubah gaya hidup manusia sampai kepada pengunaan teknologi. Adapun gaya hidup yang harus beradaptasi adalah dengan bercocok tanam, dengan dibantu oleh teknologi A.I. karena manusia yang ada di perkotaan tidak memiliki latar belakang dalam menanam sebuah tanaman pangan. Maka dari itu teknologi hadir dalam membantu masyarakat kota, juga dibantu oleh metode menanam yang modern seperti menggunakan hidroponik, akuaponik, aeroponik, dan teknik penanaman indoor yang dibantu oleh cahaya buatan seperti LED.

scholarly journals Characterizing the Spatial and Temporal Availability of Very High Resolution Satellite Imagery in Google Earth and Microsoft Bing Maps as a Source of Reference Data

Land ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myroslava Lesiv ◽  
Linda See ◽  
Juan Laso Bayas ◽  
Tobias Sturn ◽  
Dmitry Schepaschenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Very High

Very high resolution (VHR) satellite imagery from Google Earth and Microsoft Bing Maps is increasingly being used in a variety of applications from computer sciences to arts and humanities. In the field of remote sensing, one use of this imagery is to create reference data sets through visual interpretation, e.g., to complement existing training data or to aid in the validation of land-cover products. Through new applications such as Collect Earth, this imagery is also being used for monitoring purposes in the form of statistical surveys obtained through visual interpretation. However, little is known about where VHR satellite imagery exists globally or the dates of the imagery. Here we present a global overview of the spatial and temporal distribution of VHR satellite imagery in Google Earth and Microsoft Bing Maps. The results show an uneven availability globally, with biases in certain areas such as the USA, Europe and India, and with clear discontinuities at political borders. We also show that the availability of VHR imagery is currently not adequate for monitoring protected areas and deforestation, but is better suited for monitoring changes in cropland or urban areas using visual interpretation.

scholarly journals Spatial–Temporal Impacts of Urban Sprawl on Ecosystem Services: Implications for Urban Planning in The Process of Rapid Urbanization

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1210
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Li ◽  
Gulinaer Suoerdahan ◽  
Zhenyu Shi ◽  
Zihan Xing ◽  
Yongxing Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Study Region

Rapid urbanization drives land cover change, affecting urban ecosystems and inducing serious environmental issues. The study region of Changchun, China was divided into three urbanization categories according to different urbanization levels and the characteristics of urban sprawl and changes and relationships between typical ecosystem services (ESs) under rapid urbanization were analysed. The results showed that Changchun has undergone considerable urban expansion since 2000, which has significantly impacted all ESs in terms of spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Habitat suitability and crop yield have relatively stronger service capacity in the study area. Since the expansion of large-scale infrastructures, the mean ES values of developed urban areas are the lowest among the three zones, except for water retention and sandstorm prevention in 2015, when the balance between all services decreased. Over the past 16 years, habitat suitability in developing urban areas has decreased to a large extent due to urban sprawl. Because of the improvement in agricultural science and technology, crop yield in three regions increased, while the area of cropland reduced from 1720 km2 to 1560 km2 (9.3%). Synergies between habitat suitability and carbon storage and habitat suitability and soil retention were detected in three areas. A trade-off between habitat suitability and water retention was detected in three areas. The interactions between crop yield and carbon storage, habitat suitability, and soil retention were more complex in this study region. In addition to water retention, urbanization index has a negative correlation with ESs. According to the results, some suggestions to alleviate ES loss during the process of rapid urbanization were proposed, which may guide scientific urban planning for sustainable urban development.

scholarly journals Split 2 Housing Developments Planned from 1957 to 1968

Prostor ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1 (61)) ◽  
pp. 72-87
Author(s):  
Hrvoje Marinović ◽  
Ivan Mlinar ◽  
Ana Tomšić
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Use Of Space ◽  
Housing Developments

Split 2 is a significant part of urban and architectural heritage in Split and Croatia. This arises from the scope and reach of the rational urban planning and use of space, inventive architectural design focused on construction technologies, operations and materials which were mainly organized in concentric construction sites of housing developments and areas which predominantly featured standardized residential buildings and residential high-rises in the period from 1957 to 1968.

scholarly journals ARCHITECTURAL AND DESIGN FEATURES OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN SAINT-PETERSBURG IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XVIII CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Svetlana G. GOLOVINA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
Residential House ◽  
Typical Solution ◽  
Main Construction

The paper presents a review of architectural and design techniques which were characteristic for residential development in the second half of the XVIII century in St. Petersburg. During that period, there was formed the urban planning, volumetric spatial and constructional structure of residential buildings, which later, in the XIX - early XX century, became a typical solution for residential development in St. Petersburg. The fi rewalled residential house was usually built along the perimeter of the possessory plot of land with an inner courtyard formed inside. The residential house consisted of a two-span front building and one-span side buildings located along the perimeter of the site. The constructional system of a residential building in the second half of the XVIII century was a vaulted-beam scheme along the longitudinal walls. The main construction structures are described, such as brick walls with subsequent fi nishing, strip stone footings based on wooden joists, roofs built on wooden batt er rafters in a cold att ic with no heating.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of 5-storey large panel buildings, use of atmospheric precipitation water for technical purposes in the building

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (12) ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
Axmedov Tolkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Large Panel ◽  
Precipitation Water

This article provides basic information on engineering selection and beautification of urban areas where 5-storey residential buildings should be built in response to emergencies in ways to increase the energy efficiency of buildings using atmospheric water for technical purposes.

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