scholarly journals Energy Management Strategy for an Autonomous Hybrid Power Plant Destined to Supply Controllable Loads

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Imene Yahyaoui ◽  
Natalia Vidal de la Peña
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant ◽  
Electrical Loads

This paper proposes an energy management strategy (EMS) for a hybrid stand-alone plant destined to supply controllable loads. The plant is composed of photovoltaic panels (PV), a wind turbine, a diesel generator, and a battery bank. The set of the power sources supplies controllable electrical loads. The proposed EMS aims to ensure the power supply of the loads by providing the required electrical power. Moreover, the EMS ensures the maximum use of the power generated by the renewable sources and therefore minimizes the use of the genset, and it ensures that the batteries bank operates into the prefixed values of state of charge to ensure their safe operation. The EMS provides the switching control of the switches that link the plant components and decides on the loads’ operation. The simulation of the system using measured climatic data of Mostoles (Madrid, Spain) shows that the proposed EMS fulfills the designed objectives.

Optimal energy management strategy for fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor vehicles using wavelet transform and equivalent consumption minimization strategy

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110697
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zou ◽  
Fazhan Tao ◽  
Zhumu Fu ◽  
Pengju Si ◽  
Chao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Optimal Energy ◽  
Optimal Energy Management

In this paper, the hybrid electric vehicle is equipped with fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor as the research object, the optimal energy management strategy (EMS) is proposed by combining wavelet transform (WT) method and equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) for reducing hydrogen consumption and prolonging the lifespan of power sources. Firstly, the WT method is employed to separate power demand of vehicles into high-frequency part supplied by supercapacitor and low-frequency part allocated to fuel cell and battery, which can effectively reduce the fluctuation of fuel cell and battery to prolong their lifespan. Then, considering the low-frequency power, the optimal SOC of battery is used to design the equivalent factor of the ECMS method to improve the fuel economy. The proposed hierarchical EMS can realize a trade-off between the lifespan of power sources and fuel economy of vehicles. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed EMS is verified by ADVISOR, and comparison results are given compared with the traditional ECMS method and ECMS combining the filter.

scholarly journals Research on a Plug-In Hybrid Electric Bus Energy Management Strategy Considering Drivability

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Yang ◽  
Youtong Zhang ◽  
Jingyi Tian ◽  
Si Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Mode Switching ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Optimal Energy ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Plug-in hybrid electric buses (PHEBs) is some of the most promising products to address air pollution and the energy crisis. Considering the switching between different working modes often bring aboutsudden changes of the torque and the speed of different power sources, which may lead to the instability of the power output and affect the driving performance and ride comfort, it is of great significance to develop a real-time optimal energy management strategy for PHEBs to achieve the optimization of fuel economy and drivability. In this study, the proposed strategy includes an offline part and an online part. In the offline part, firstly, the energy conversion coefficient s(t) is optimized by linear weight particle swarm optimization algorithm (LinWPSO), then, the optimization results of s(t) are converted into a 2-dimensional look-up table. Secondly, combined with three typical driving cycle conditions, the gear-shifting correction and mode switching boundary parameters that affect the drivabilityof the vehicle are extracted by dynamic programming (DP) algorithm. In the online part, combined with the s(t), the gear-shifting correction and mode switching boundary parameters which are obtained through offline optimization, the real-time energy management strategy is proposed to solve the trade-off problem between minimizing the fuel consumption and improving the drivability and riding comfort. Finally, the proposed strategy is verified with simulation, the results show that the proposed strategy can guarantee the engine and the electric motor (EM) work in the high-efficiency area with optimal energy distribution while keeping drivability in the variation of driving circle. The overall performance is improved by 18.54% compared with the rule-based control strategy. The proposed strategy may provide theoretical support for the optimal control of PHEB.

scholarly journals Stateflow-Based Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Energy System to Mitigate Load Shedding

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4601
Author(s):  
Muhammad Paend Bakht ◽  
Zainal Salam ◽  
Abdul Rauf Bhatti ◽  
Waqas Anjum ◽  
Saifulnizam A. Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Load Shedding ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Driven Systems ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Event Driven

This study investigates the potential application of Stateflow (SF) to design an energy management strategy (EMS) for a renewable-based hybrid energy system (HES). The SF is an extended finite state machine; it provides a platform to design, model, and execute complex event-driven systems using an interactive graphical environment. The HES comprises photovoltaics (PV), energy storage units (ESU) and a diesel generator (Gen), integrated with the power grid that experiences a regular load shedding condition (scheduled power outages). The EMS optimizes the energy production and utilization during both modes of HES operation, i.e., grid-connected mode and the islanded mode. For islanded operation mode, a resilient power delivery is ensured when the system is subjected to intermittent renewable supply and grid vulnerability. The contributions of this paper are twofold: first is to propose an integrated framework of HES to address the problem of load shedding, and second is to design and implement a resilient EMS in the SF environment. The validation of the proposed EMS demonstrates its feasibility to serve the load for various operating scenarios. The latter include operations under seasonal variation, abnormal weather conditions, and different load shedding patterns. The simulation results reveal that the proposed EMS not only ensures uninterrupted power supply during load shedding but also reduces grid burden by maximizing the use of PV energy. In addition, the SF-based adopted methodology is envisaged to be a useful alternative to the popular design method using the conventional software tools, particularly for event-driven systems.

scholarly journals A Model-Based Design Approach for a Parallel Hybrid Electric Tractor Energy Management Strategy Using Hardware in the Loop Technique

Vehicles ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Francesco Mocera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Parallel Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Recent developments in emissions regulations are pushing Non-Road Mobile Machineries manufacturers towards the adoption of more efficient solutions to reduce the amount of pollutants per unit of work performed. Electrification can be a reasonable alternative to traditional powertrain to achieve this goal. The higher complexity of working machines architectures requires, now more than ever, better design and testing methodologies to better integrate electric systems into mechanical and hydraulic layouts. In this work, the attention focused on the use of a Hardware in the Loop (HIL) approach to test performance of an energy management strategy (called load observer) developed specifically for an orchard tractor starting from field characterization. The HIL bench was designed to replicate a scaled architecture of a parallel hybrid electric tractor at mechanical and electrical level. The vehicle behavior was simulated with a personal computer connected on the CAN BUS network designed for the HIL system. Several tasks were simulated starting from data gathered during field measurements of a daily use of the machine. Results showed good performance in terms of load split between the two power sources and stability of the speed control although the variability of the applied load.

scholarly journals Optimal Energy Management Strategy for a DC Linked Hydro–PV–Wind Renewable Energy System for Hydroelectric Power Generation Optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Adel Elgammal ◽  
Curtis Boodoo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Energy Management Strategy

The goal of this article is to create an intelligent energy management system that will control the stand-alone microgrid and power flow of a grid associated that includes Battery Energy Storage System, Fuel Cell, Wind Turbine, Diesel Generator, Photovoltaic, and a Hydro Power Plant. Storage systems are required for high dependability, while control systems are required for the system's optimum and steady functioning. The control, operation, and planning of both energy demand and production are all part of energy management. By controlling unpredictable power and providing an appropriate control algorithm for the entire system, the suggested energy management strategy is designed to handle diverse variations in power demand and supply. Under the TOU Tariff, the problem is presented as a discrete time multi-objective optimization method to minimize grid imported energy costs. It also maximizes earnings from surplus RE sales to the grid at a pre-determined RE feed-in tariff. Simulations were run using SIMULINK/MATLAB to validate and evaluate the suggested energy management approach under various power demand and power supply scenarios. The simulations indicate that the proposed energy management can fulfill demand at all times utilizing unreliable renewables like wind, solar, and hydroelectric power plants, as well as hydrogen fuel cells and batteries, without affecting load supply or power quality.

scholarly journals Mapping Fuzzy Energy Management Strategy for PEM Fuel Cell–Battery–Supercapacitor Hybrid Excavator

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoai Vu Anh Truong ◽  
Hoang Vu Dao ◽  
Tri Cuong Do ◽  
Cong Minh Ho ◽  
Xuan Dinh To ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
High Peak Power ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Power Sources

By replacing conventional supplies such as fossil fuels or internal combustion engines (ICEs), this paper presents a new configuration of hybrid power sources (HPS) based on the integration of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with batteries (BATs) and supercapacitors (SCs) for hydraulic excavators (HEs). In contrast to conventional architectures, the PEMFC in this study functions as the main power supply, whereas the integrated BAT–SC is considered as an auxiliary buffer. Regarding shortcomings existing in the previous approaches, an innovative energy management strategy (EMS) was designed using a new mapping fuzzy logic control (MFLC) for appropriate power distribution. Comparisons between the proposed strategy with available approaches are conducted to satisfy several driving cycles with different load demands and verify the strategy’s effectiveness. Based on the simulation results, the efficiency of the PEMFC when using the MFLS algorithm increased up to 47% in comparison with the conventional proposed EMS and other approaches. With the proposed strategy, the HPS can be guaranteed to not only sufficiently support power to the system even when the endurance process or high peak power is required, but also extend the lifespan of the devices and achieves high efficiency.

scholarly journals Energy Management Strategy of a PEM Fuel Cell Excavator with a Supercapacitor/Battery Hybrid Power Source

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Cuong Do ◽  
Hoai Vu Anh Truong ◽  
Hoang Vu Dao ◽  
Cong Minh Ho ◽  
Xuan Dinh To ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Hybrid Power

Construction machines are heavy-duty equipment and a major contributor to the environmental pollution. By using only electric motors instead of an internal combustion engine, the problems of low engine efficiency and air pollution can be solved. This paper proposed a novel energy management strategy for a PEM fuel cell excavator with a supercapacitor/battery hybrid power source. The fuel cell is the main power supply for most of the excavator workload while the battery/supercapacitor is the energy storage device, which supplies additional required power and recovers energy. The whole system model was built in a co-simulation environment, which is a combination of MATLAB/Simulink and AMESim software, where the fuel cell, battery, supercapacitor model, and the energy management algorithm were developed in a Simulink environment while the excavator model was designed in an AMESim environment. In this work, the energy management strategy was designed to concurrently account for power supply performance from the hybrid power sources as well as from fuel cells, and battery lifespan. The control design was proposed to distribute the power demand optimally from the excavator to the hybrid power sources in different working conditions. The simulation results were presented to demonstrate the good performance of the system. The effectiveness of the proposed energy management strategy was validated. Compared with the conventional strategies where the task requirements cannot be achieved or system stability cannot be accomplished, the proposed algorithms perfectly satisfied the working conditions.

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