scholarly journals The Jurassic of East Greenland: a sedimentary record of thermal subsidence, onset and culmination of rifting

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 657-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn Surlyk
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
Thermal Subsidence

The Late Palaeozoic – Mesozoic extensional basin complex of East Greenland contains a record of deposition during a period of Rhaetian – Early Bajocian thermal subsidence, the onset of rifting in the Late Bajocian, its growth during the Bathonian–Kimmeridgian, culmination of rifting in the Volgian – Early Ryazanian, and waning in the Late Ryazanian – Hauterivian. The area was centred over a palaeolatitude of about 45°N in the Rhaetian and drifted northwards to about 50°N in the Hauterivian. A major climate change from arid to humid subtropical conditions took place at the Norian–Rhaetian transition. Deposition was in addition governed by a long-term sea-level rise with highstands in the Toarcian–Aalenian, latest Callovian and Kimmeridgian, and lowstands in the latest Bajocian – earliest Bathonian, Middle Oxfordian and Volgian. The Rhaetian – Lower Bajocian succession is considered the upper part of a megasequence, termed J1, with its base in the upper Lower Triassic, whereas the Upper Bajocian – Hauterivian succession forms a complete, syn-rift megasequence, termed J2. The southern part of the basin complex in Jameson Land contains a relatively complete Rhaetian–Ryazanian succession and underwent only minor tilting during Middle Jurassic – earliest Cretaceous rifting. Rhaetian – Lower Jurassic deposits are absent north of Jameson Land and this region was fragmented into strongly tilted fault blocks during the protracted rift event. The syn-rift successions of the two areas accordingly show different long-term trends in sedimentary facies. In the southern area, the J2 syn-rift megasequence forms a symmetrical regressive–transgressive–regressive cycle, whereas the J2 megasequence in the northern area shows an asymmetrical, stepwise deepening trend. A total of eight tectonostratigraphic sequences are recognised in the Rhaetian–Hauterivian interval. They reflect major changes in basin configuration, drainage systems, sediment transport and distribution patterns, and in facies and depositional environments. The sequences are bounded by regional unconformities or flooding surfaces and have average durations in the order of 10 Ma. They are subdivided into conventional unconformity-bounded depositional sequences with durations ranging from tens of thousands of years, in the Milankovitch frequency band, up to several million years. Deposition was alluvial and lacustrine in the Rhaetian–Sinemurian, but almost exclusively marine during the Pliensbachian–Hauterivian time interval when a marine strait, up to 500 km wide and more than 2000 km long, developed between Greenland and Norway, connecting the Arctic Sea and the North Sea. Coal-bearing fluvial and paralic deposits occur, however, at the base of the onlapping Middle Jurassic succession in the central and northern part of the basin complex. The sedimentary development is similar to that in the Northern North Sea and on the Norwegian shelf, and East Greenland offers important onshore analogues for virtually all of the types of deeply buried Jurassic depositional systems of these areas and especially their hydrocarbon reservoirs.

scholarly journals Feldspar Dissolution and Its Influence on Reservoirs: A Case Study of the Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation in the Northwest Margin of the Junggar Basin, China

Geofluids ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Xiao ◽  
Xuanjun Yuan ◽  
Dawei Cheng ◽  
Songtao Wu ◽  
Zhenglin Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Junggar Basin ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Reservoir Quality ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Feldspar Dissolution

Feldspar dissolution is a common feature in clastic rock reservoirs of petroliferous basins and has an important influence on reservoir quality. However, the effect of feldspar dissolution on reservoir quality varies under different depositional environments and diagenetic systems. The study area in this paper is located in the Baikouquan Formation in the northwestern margin of the Junggar Basin, which is significantly influenced by feldspar dissolution. Based on the analyses of core and thin section observations, QEMSEM, XRD, SEM, CL, fluorescence, and image analysis software combined with logging and physical property data, this study shows that feldspar dissolution in the subaqueous distributary channel of a fan delta plain, which has good original physical properties and low mud contents, significantly improves the properties of the reservoir. The main reasons for this are as follows: (1) the sedimentary facies with good original properties and low mud content is a relatively open system in the burial stage. The acidic fluids needed for feldspar dissolution are mostly derived from organic acids associated with the source rocks and migrate to the good-permeability area of the reservoir; (2) the by-products of feldspar dissolution, such as authigenic clay minerals and authigenic quartz, are transported by pore water in a relatively open diagenetic system and then precipitated in a relatively closed diagenetic system; and (3) the clay minerals produced by feldspar dissolution in different diagenetic environments and diagenetic stages have different effects on the reservoir. When the kaolinite content is less than 3%, the illite content is less than 4%, and the chlorite content is less than 12%, the clay minerals have a positive effect on the porosity. These clay minerals can reduce porosity and block pore throats when their contents are larger than these values.

Large Diameter Pipeline PLEM Design for Remote, Arctic Application

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Timmermans ◽  
Ian Luff ◽  
Nicholas Long
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Cost Driver ◽  
Pile Foundations ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Wide Range

While subsea production template and manifold designs have come to be dominated by standardized solutions tailored for specific hardware, the design of Pipeline End Manifolds (PLEM) remains largely project-specific. Nevertheless, some trends in PLEM design for large-diameter pipelines in moderate water depths have emerged in the past years in the North Sea and elsewhere; namely, large stand-alone structures on suction pile foundations with diverless spoolpiece tie-ins. This arrangement has proven successful on numerous projects; however, the move to remote arctic fields of significant production capacity and long design life introduces new design drivers that warrant a “fresh approach” to PLEM design. The developments currently being considered for the arctic will have to deal with: - Remote location making mobilization of installation assets a significant cost driver such that separate installation of pipeline and PLEM is relatively unattractive - Harsh conditions and short weather windows for installation favoring designs that reduce the number of separate installation steps and vessels - Poorer access for maintenance and repair during the operating life favoring designs that are modular and that allow recovery of critical components using the smallest possible intervention vessels. When combined with envisioned field production lives of 40 to 50 years, this means a very different set of design drivers will apply to the PLEM design. This paper presents an alternative PLEM design developed to overcome these challenges by: - Integrating of the PLEM with the pipeline to work around current industry limitations for large diameter diverless tie-in connector systems and to minimize ROV rotated sealing surfaces subsea in normal operation, - Introducing plug technology to remove the critical dependence on long-term trouble-free performance of large bore valves, - Introducing driven pile foundations to reduce structure size, prevent long-term settlements and eliminate the need for separate pipeline support frames by maintaining the pipe centerline close to the mudline, - Modularizing the system such that key components (all remaining valves) can be retrieved without complete shutdown of flow and such that installation / intervention can be performed using a wide range of vessels, and - Incorporating lessons learned from the successful design of a North Sea vertical diverless pig launcher unit. This paper presents an overview of the alternative PLEM design and discusses the status of the technologies required.

scholarly journals Triassic lithostratigraphy of East Greenland between Scoresby Sund and Kejser Franz Josephs Fjord

1980 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 1-56
Author(s):  
L.B Clemmensen
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Sea Area

The lithostratigraphic scheme currently in use for the Triassic rocks in Jameson Land and ScoresbyLand (70°25'-72°N) is revised and extended to cover areas to the north of Kong Oscars Fjord, up to Kejser Franz Josephs Fjord (73°15'N). The Triassic sediments (1000-1700 m thick) belong to the Scoresby Land Group which is divided into two subgroups (redefined) and four formations: the marine Wordie Creek, and the mainly continental Pingo Dal (redefined), Gipsdalen (redefined) and Fleming Fjord Formations. These formations are here subdivided into a total of 12 members and 4 beds. Four members (the Svinhufvuds Bjerge, Ødepas, Kolledalen and Vega Sund Members) and four beds (Gråklint, Sporfjeld, Pingel Dal and Tait Bjerg Beds) are new. Three members (the Paradigmabjerg, Solfaldsdal and Kap Seaforth Members) are redefined. The lithostratigraphic succession and the Triassic depositional environments in East Greenland are briefly discussed and compared with other Triassic sequences in the North Sea area.

scholarly journals The Middle Jurassic of western and northern Europe: its subdivisions, geochronology and correlations

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Callomon
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The South ◽  
Temperate Latitude ◽  
The North ◽  
Biotic Diversity ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Shelf Seas ◽  
Two Factors

The palaeogeographic settings of Denmark and East Greenland during the Middle Jurassic are outlined. They lay in the widespread epicontinental seas that covered much of Europe in the post-Triassic transgression. It was a period of continuing eustatic sea-level rise, with only distant connections to world oceans: to the Pacific, via the narrow Viking Straits between Greenland and Norway and hence the arctic Boreal Sea to the north; and to the subtropical Tethys, via some 1200 km of shelf-seas to the south. The sedimentary history of the region was strongly influenced by two factors: tectonism and climate. Two modes of tectonic movement governed basinal evolution: crustal extension leading to subsidence through rifting, such as in the Viking and Central Grabens of the North Sea; and subcrustal thermal upwelling, leading to domal uplift and the partition of marine basins through emergent physical barriers, as exemplified by the Central North Sea Dome with its associated volcanics. The climatic gradient across the 30º of temperate latitude spanned by the European seas governed biotic diversity and biogeography, finding expression in rock-forming biogenic carbonates that dominate sediments in the south and give way to largely siliciclastic sediments in the north. Geochronology of unrivalled finesse is provided by standard chronostratigraphy based on the biostratigraphy of ammonites. The Middle Jurassic saw the onset of considerable bioprovincial endemisms in these guide-fossils, making it necessary to construct parallel standard zonations for Boreal, Subboreal or NW European and Submediterranean Provinces, of which the NW European zonation provides the primary international standard. The current versions of these zonations are presented and reviewed.

Impact of climatic step-changes on source-to-sink systems: Petrographic changes across the Permian-Triassic changes on the Finnmark Platform, Barents Sea, N Norway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Kling ◽  
Hallgeir Sirevaag ◽  
Emmanuelle Pucéat ◽  
Christian Haug Eide
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Large Igneous Province ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Triassic Boundary ◽  
Source To Sink ◽  
Igneous Province

<p><span><span>The emplacement of the Siberian Traps Large Igneous Province around the Permian–Triassic boundary significantly affected both climate and depositional environments across the world. Known long term consequences of this event are (I) global warming, (II) increased continental weathering, (III) oceanic stagnation and acidification and (IV) mass extinction. These effects have the potential to strongly alter signals from source-to-sink systems in terms of petrography, sediment volumes and geochemistry. The Barents Sea Basin is an excellent area to investigate the response of source-to-sink systems to such climatic changes because it contains a continuous record of sediments deposited before, during and after the Permian-Triassic event, and because this interval is sampled in several exploration wells.</span></span></p><p><span><span>The goal of this project is to investigate how the Triassic climatic changes were expressed in source-to-sink systems, mainly using techniques such as facies analysis, petrograpy, mudstone geochemistry and sediment volumes. Herein we present preliminary results mainly from sandstone petrology. On the Finnmark Plattform, the upper Permian strata of the Røye Formation contains spiculitic mudstones and limestones with sparse sandstones. These are overlain by mudstones, interbedded turbidites and prograding deltas of the Lower Triassic. In order to determine how the signal from the catchment changed to the great climatic changes, it is of high importance to examine changes within provenance and sediment volumes across the P-T boundary.</span></span></p><p><span><span>I wish to give this presentation as a poster</span></span></p>

scholarly journals Palaeoenvironments of northwestern Bulgaria and northeastern Serbia during the Jurassic

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Platon Tchoumatchenco
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Moesian Platform ◽  
Sketch Maps ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
Jurassic Rocks ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Depositional Setting ◽  
Middle Callovian

Jurassic rocks in the Danube Region of northwestern Bulgaria and northeastern Serbia have been the subject of numerous earlier studies that have shown notable similarities between their sedimentary facies and depositional environments. In terms of regional palaeotectonic zonation, this area represents the westernmost parts of the Vidin Early–Middle Jurassic Complex Horst and the Mihaylovgrad Early–Middle Jurassic Graben in NW Bulgaria, as well as the easternmost part of the Lower Danubicum in NE Serbia, which collectively take part of the Jurassic Moesian Platform. For compiling an overall conception of the palaeoenvironments that existed during the Jurassic, nine palaeoenvironmental sketch maps, from the Aalenian to the late Tithonian, have been composed in this study, based on reinterpretation of the data borrowed from previous literature. It became evident that the Middle Jurassic sedimentary successions of the Danube Region record an evolution from an initially isolated lacustrine-palustrine depositional setting (Aalenian) to rapidly expanding shallow to moderately deeper-marine sandy-calcareous setting (late Bajocian–early Callovian). From the middle Callovian and onwards, during the Late Jurassic, the region became an area of laterally extensive pelagic and platform carbonate deposition. This interpretation is consistent with the available earlier data, but it links the facies and their respective settings from NW Bulgaria to NE Serbia, which has not been made to date and will be of benefit for future regional correlations.

Petroleum geological investigations in East Greenland: project ‘Resources of the sedimentary basins of North and East Greenland’

1997 ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Stemmerik ◽  
Ole R. Clausen ◽  
John Korstgård ◽  
Michael Larsen ◽  
Stefan Piasecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Related Field ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
North Greenland

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Stemmerik, L., Clausen, O. R., Korstgård, J., Larsen, M., Piasecki, S., Seidler, L., Surlyk, F., & Therkelsen, J. (1997). Petroleum geological investigations in East Greenland: project ‘Resources of the sedimentary basins of North and East Greenland’. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 176, 29-38. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v176.5058 _______________ The multidisciplinary research project ‘Resources of the sedimentary basins of North and East Greenland’ was initiated in 1995 with financial support from the Danish Research Councils (Stemmerik et al., 1996). In 1996, the hydrocarbon-related studies focused on the sedimentary basins in East Greenland between latitudes 71°N and 74°N (Fig. 1) where nine field teams worked for six weeks in July and August supported by a Hughes 500 helicopter. Within the framework of the project, additional hydrocarbon-related field studies were undertaken in 1996 in western North Greenland, and ore-geological studies were carried out in much of North Greenland (Kragh et al., 1997; Stemmerik et al., 1997). The 1996 field work in East Greenland concentrated on integrated structural, sedimentological and biostratigraphical studies of the Upper Permian and Mesozoic successions. Two Ph.D. projects focused on the sedimentology of the Lower Triassic Wordie Creek Formation and the diagenesis of the Middle and Upper Jurassic succession. Post-doctorate studies were carried out on the Mesozoic–Tertiary structural development of the basin and the mineralisation of the Upper Permian Ravnefjeld Formation. Three student projects on Lower Triassic and Middle Jurassic ammonite stratigraphy, Upper Permian sedimentology, and fault-associated mineralisation were also included in the work. The most important new results arising from the 1996 field work are: 1) Re-interpretation of the Upper Permian Schuchert Dal Formation as a lowstand turbidite unit within the Ravnefjeld Formation; 2) Recognition of Middle Jurassic deposits and thick lowermost Cretaceous sandstones on Hold with Hope; 3) Interpretation of a full spectrum of scarp-derived coarse-clastic mass movement deposits interbedded with Cretaceous shales on eastern Traill Ø; 4) The presence of a thick sand-rich Cretaceous turbidite succession on eastern Traill Ø; 5) Re-interpretation of the Mesozoic–Cenozoic fault systems on Traill Ø and Geographical Society Ø.

scholarly journals Stratigraphy of the marine Lower Triassic succession at Kap Stosch, Hold with Hope, North-East Greenland

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 87-123
Author(s):  
Finn Surlyk ◽  
Morten Bjerager ◽  
Stefan Piasecki ◽  
Lars Stemmerik
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Delta Front ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Shelf Slope

The classical marine uppermost Permian – Lower Triassic succession exposed on the north-east coast of Hold with Hope in East Greenland, south-east of Kap Stosch, is placed in the Wordie Creek Group. A new lithostratigraphic subdivision of the group is proposed here. The group comprises the revised Kap Stosch Formation overlain by the new Godthåb Golf Formation. The Kap Stosch Formation is dominated by alternating fine- and coarse-grained, cliff-forming units that constitute the basis for the erection of eight new members. They are (from below): 1. The Nebalopok Member, uppermost Permian, Hypophiceras triviale ammonoid zone, and lowermost Triassic, lower Griesbachian, Hypophiceras triviale – H. martini ammonoid zones, composed of basinal and base-of-slope siltstones and turbiditic sandstones. 2. The conglomeratic Immaqa Member (H. martini ammonoid zone), consisting of a thick clinoform-bedded unit commonly overlain by horizontally bedded deposits, representing the foreset and topset, respectively, of a Gilbert-type delta. 3. The fine-grained Fiskeplateau Member (H. martini ammonoid zone), composed of siltstones and fine-grained sandstones, representing basinal and delta front deposits. 4. The conglomerate-dominated Knolden Member (H. martini ammonoid zone), comprising a clinoform-bedded unit overlain by horizontally-bedded deposits, representing foreset and topset, respectively, of a Gilbert-type delta. 5. The fine-grained Pyramiden Member, (lower–upper Griesbachian Metophiceras subdemissum, Ophiceras commune and Wordieoceras decipiens ammonoid zones), composed of variegated siltstones and sandstones deposited in proximal basin and slope environments. 6. The Naasut Member (top Griesbachian, probably Wordieoceras decipiens ammonoid zone), dominated by thick structureless coarse-grained sandstones commonly showing clinoform bedding, deposited in slope, base-of-slope and proximal basin environments. 7. The Falkeryg Member (lowermost Dienerian, Bukkenites rosenkrantzi ammonoid zone), comprising thick, commonly pebbly sandstones deposited in shelf, slope and base-of-slope environments. 8. The Vestplateau Member (lower Dienerian, Bukkenites rosenkrantzi ammonoid zone) composed of siltstones and fine-grained sandstones deposited in basinal environments. The overlying Godthåb Golf Formation (Dienerian, Anodontophora breviformis – A. fassaensis bivalve zones) is dominated by shallow marine sandstones with several coarser grained levels. The rich ammonoid faunas of the Wordie Creek Group allow a biostratigraphic zonation which can be correlated with schemes from other parts of the Arctic region. This zonation is complemented with information on palyno, conodont, fish and isotope stratigraphy.

scholarly journals Stratigraphy of the post-Caledonian sediments in the Germania Land area, North-East Greenland

1994 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
S Piasecki ◽  
L Stemmerik ◽  
J.D Friderichsen ◽  
A.K Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Late Carboniferous ◽  
Spores And Pollen ◽  
Upper Carboniferous ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
Plant Fossils ◽  
North East ◽  
Fossil Leaves ◽  
Area North

Sediment outliers in North-East Greenland are briefly described and dated on the basis of macro- and microscopic plant fossils. Conglomerates and sandstones at Depotnæsset are probably of Late Carboniferous age based on the content of poorly preserved spores and pollen together with Stigmaria molds. Conglomerates, sandstones and coals from localities west of Germania Land are of Early to Middle Jurassic age based on poorly preserved fossil leaves and sporomorphs. The sedimentary facies and the fossil content of the Upper Carboniferous sediments suggest that the transition between the continental Carboniferous basins of East Greenland and the marine basins of North Greenland was situated north of 78°N. The maturity of the sporomorphs suggests that the Upper Carboniferous basins subsided by 1.5–2 km in Late Carboniferous to Middle Jurassic time, whereas subsidence of the Jurassic basins was negligible.

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