scholarly journals Recent Challenges in Electrical Engineering and the Solution with IT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 2412-2418
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
And Control ◽  
Power Electronic Technology

Electrical engineering is a broad field right from Electrical Power Generation to Distribution to end users. With deep penetration of Power Electronic Devices (PED) into electrical system, it has become complex to understand and control, but has given many advantages. Computer engineering is also an integrated branch of several fields of engineering like electrical and computers, which focuses on programming, and integration with hardware devices. Electrical engineering is always a challenging field which requires a regular up keeping with proper control and communication system. This paper aims to review the existing electrical power system, various challenges like increased demand, cyber attacks, power electronic technology trends, the opportunities emerged and the action plan to mitigate them with the use of Information Technology(IT) for a sustainable development

scholarly journals Application of Spritz Encryption in Smart Meters to Protect Consumer Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincoln Kamau Kiarie ◽  
Philip Kibet Langat ◽  
Christopher Maina Muriithi
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Privacy Leakage ◽  
Consumer Data ◽  
And Control

The ongoing upgrade of the electrical power system into a more powerful system known as Smart Grid has both benefits and costs. Smart Grid relies on advanced communication and hence offers better services through improved monitoring, planning, and control. However, enhanced communications make Smart Grid more susceptible to privacy leaks and cyber attacks. Small meters collect detailed consumer data, such as power consumption, which can then become a major source of privacy leakage. Encryption can help protect consumer data, but great care is needed. The popular RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4) encryption has been implemented in the widely deployed smart meter standard—Open Smart Grid Protocol (OSGP)—but has been shown to have major weaknesses. This paper proposes the use of Spritz encryption. Spritz is an RC4-like algorithm designed to repair weak design decisions in RC4 to improve security. A test on performing one encryption took only 0.85 milliseconds, showing that it is fast enough not to affect the operations of a smart meter. Its ability to withstand brute force attacks on small keys is also significantly greater than RC4’s ability.

Research and Application of Integrated Standardization Theory in the Smart Grid Scheduling and Controlling System

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 1307-1313
Author(s):  
Zhao Kun ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Lin Tao Tan ◽  
Yu Zou ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Grid Scheduling ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Controlling System ◽  
Preparation Phase ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Integrated standardization theory has been applied to work on integrated standardization for the Smart Grid Scheduling and Controlling System (SG-SCS), aiming to improve the overall quality and coordination of technical standards for dispatching and controlling in power system which help to solve practical problems. This Paper presents the definition and history of integrated standardization, and introduces the method to develop integrated standardized work for the SG-SCS which contains 4 phases: preparation phase, planning phase, standard setting or revising phase and organizing and implementing phase. The objects for integrated standardization is analyzed and determined, while the objective is addressed as well. Analysis elements related to the SG-SCS systematically and ascertain the scope of those, for target decomposition of integrated standardization. Make the complex of standards plan based on former results and determine what standards we shall set or revising. Create a detailed work plan and execute it to form a coordinated complex of technical standards. Organize the implementation of standards, with a close-looped feedback work mechanics, the overall quality and reliability of standards for SG-SCS can be ensured. By carrying out the SG-SCS integrated standardization, problems such as partly duplication or Contradiction between old standards, the overall quality of standards is promoted, which helps to the operation and control of electrical power system.

scholarly journals Analysis of Cyber Attacks Vulnerabilities In Electrical Power Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 925-928
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Electrical Power Systems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Intelligent Electronic Devices

The term “Smart grid” is used for the modernized electrical power system grids. Power grids as we know it is a collection of generation units and load centers that are connected through power lines. Smart grids are a newer version of power grids which basically is the digitalization of the infrastructure with the involvement of smart meters, sensors and different types of IED’s (Intelligent Electronic Devices). As the grids become smart they become vulnerable to attacks over the internet i.e., cyber attacks

Dynamic Trust Elective Geo Routing to Secure Smart Grid Communication Networks

2016 ◽  
pp. 323-343
Author(s):  
Ming Xiang ◽  
William Liu ◽  
Quan Bai ◽  
Adnan Al-Anbuky
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Smart Grid Communications ◽  
Network Availability ◽  
Routing Performance ◽  
High Level

Smart Grid is believed to be the next generation of electrical power system. It integrate the existing electrical power infrastructure with Information Communication Technology (ICT) to achieve two way communication and become smart. A high level of network availability is therefore required to guarantee two-way flows of electricity and information among smart electrical units. The wireless mesh network infrastructure can provide redundant routes for the Smart Grid communications so as to ensure the network availability. However, the wireless connection is vulnerable to cyber-attacks. In this paper, we propose a Fuzzy-Based Energy Aware Trusted Geo-Routing (FEATGR), which can decide the optimal end-to-end path between any source and destination by effectively leveraging the energy consumption, location and trust metrics. The extensive simulation studies have confirmed that FEATGR is capable to achieve the stable and secured routing performance so as to guarantee the high level of network availability for wireless Smart Grid communications.

scholarly journals A streamlined 17-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel converter with solar PV integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 598-608
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hamza Shahbaz ◽  
Kashif Amjad ◽  
Naqash Ahmad ◽  
Arslan Ahmed Amin ◽  
Sajid Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Multilevel Converter ◽  
Power Electronic Converters ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Proposed Model

The quest for a green electrical power system has increased the use of renewable energy resources and power electronic converters in the existing power system. These power electronic converters, however, are a major cause of harmonics and result in the degradation of power quality. In the last two decades, researchers have proposed various designs of multilevel converters to minimize these harmonic distortions, however, a comprehensive solution for stand-alone solar photovoltaic (PV) systems with low total harmonic distortion (THD) is still missing in the present body of knowledge. This paper proposes a single-phase 17-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel converter (CHMC) model for a stand-alone system using solar PV arrays. The proposed model employs eight different flexible PV arrays that can be replaced with DC voltage sources when required to meet the load demand. The proposed model does not include any capacitor and filter thus saving a lot of cost in the overall system. The model has been implemented in the Simulink environment using a model-based design approach. The simulation results show that the proposed model has reduced the THD to almost 7% as compared to the existing models. The cost comparison of the proposed converter also proved its economic benefit over other types.

The Mediterranean Action Plan: A Regional Approach to Pollution Control

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Lj Jeftié ◽  
L. J. Saliba
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
And Control

Increasing concern over the deterioration of the Mediterranean sea as a result of increasing pollution by untreated sewage and industrial wastes, agricultural pesticides and fertilizers and oil discharges, led to a series of meetings between 1970 and 1974, and finally to the UNEP-sponsored Mediterranean Action Plan, adopted by governments of the region in 1975 and ongoing since that time. The legal component of the Plan includes a framework Convention and four protocols; the environmental assessment component (the MED POL programme) consists of national pollution monitoring programmes, and research projects conducted by Mediterranean institutions; the environmental management component consists of the Blue Plan (a prospective study combining socio-economic development with environmental preservation) and the Priority Actions Programme (a series of sub-region sectoral projects in defined areas). The Plan has been financed by Mediterranean States since 1979, and is managed by UNEP with the cooperation of other competent UN Agencies. During the last ten years, activities undertaken have improved knowledge of the state of pollution of the Mediterranean sea, and facilitated joint regional action in the form of preventive and control measures.

Gradient Ascent Optimization for Fault Detection in Electrical Power System Based on Wavelet Transformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyappan Murugesan ◽  
Karpagam Sathish
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Daubechies Wavelet ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Gradient Ascent ◽  
Neural Learning ◽  
Weight Value ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

: This paper presents electrical power system comprises many complex and interrelating elements that are susceptible to the disturbance or electrical fault. The faults in electrical power system transmission line (TL) are detected and classified. But, the existing techniques like artificial neural network (ANN) failed to improve the Fault Detection (FD) performance during transmission and distribution. In order to reduce the power loss rate (PLR), Daubechies Wavelet Transform based Gradient Ascent Deep Neural Learning (DWT-GADNL) Technique is introduced for FDin electrical power sub-station. DWT-GADNL Technique comprises three step, normalization, feature extraction and FD through optimization. Initially sample power TL signal is taken. After that in first step, min-max normalization process is carried out to estimate the various rated values of transmission lines. Then in second step, Daubechies Wavelet Transform (DWT) is employed for decomposition of normalized TLsignal to different components for feature extraction with higher accuracy. Finally in third step, Gradient Ascent Deep Neural Learning is an optimization process for detecting the local maximum (i.e., fault) from the extracted values with help of error function and weight value. When maximum error with low weight value is identified, the fault is detected with lesser time consumption. DWT-GADNL Technique is measured with PLR, feature extraction accuracy (FEA), and fault detection time (FDT). The simulation result shows that DWT-GADNL Technique is able to improve the performance of FEA and reduces FDT and PLR during the transmission and distribution when compared to state-of-the-art works.

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