scholarly journals GAJAH (யானை) DALAM PERIBAHASA TAMIL: ANALISIS SEMANTIK INKUISITIF

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-146
Author(s):  
Tangaprabu Murthy ◽  
Mary Fatimah Subet
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
Inquisitive Semantics ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Indian Community ◽  
The Creation ◽  
High Degree

The culture and the intellect of the community can be seen through figurative language, especially proverbs. However, society is less aware of the culture elements that are hidden behind each proverbs. Therefore, This study was conducted to identify the implicit meaning of the Tamil proverbs with the image of an elephant (yanai) and to look at the cultural influence and intellect of the community analyzed using the inquisitive semantic approach introduced by Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin (2014). Fifteen informants were seleted and interviewed via  NORF sampling leading to Non-Mobile, Older, female and NORM which is Non-Mobile, Older, Male. The results show that each proverb is used based on several factors such as history, religion, culture and so on. In fact, the results also indicate that there is a high degree of intellect in the creation of this elephant-inspired proverbs. Keywords: Tamil proverbs; inquisitive semantics; Indian community; animal; elephant (yanai)     Abstrak: Budaya dan akal budi sesebuah masyarakat dapat dilihat melalui bahasa kiasan contohnya peribahasa. Walau bagaimanpun, masyarakat kurang mengetahui unsur budaya yang tersembunyi di sebalik setiap penciptaan sesebuah peribahasa. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengenal pasti makna implisit di sebalik peribahasa Tamil yang mempunyai imej gajah (yanai) dan melihat pengaruh budaya serta akal budi masyarakat India. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan semantik inkuisitif yang diperkenalkan oleh Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin (2014) bagi menganalisis datanya. Lima belas orang informan yang dipilih dan ditemu bual secata mendalam melalui persampelan bertujuan.  Pemilihan informan adalah secara NORF iaitu merujuk kepada  Non Mobile, Old, Remote dan Female dan NORM merujuk kepada Non-mobile (tinggal tetap), Older (tua), Rural (luar bandar), Male (lelaki). Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa setiap peribahasa digunakan  berdasarkan beberapa sebab seperti sejarah, agama, budaya dan sebagainya. Malah, hasil turut menunjukkan bahawa terdapat unsur akal budi yang tinggi dalam penciptaan peribahasa yang berunsur gajah ini. Kata kunci: Peribahasa Tamil; semantik inkuisitif; masyarakat India; haiwan; gajah (yanai)

scholarly journals ABOUT THE LAW OF MINIMIZATION OF REPRESENTATION OF ARTISTIC CONCEPTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Antonina V. Shvetsova ◽  
◽  
Elena V. Donskaya ◽  
Olga B. Elkan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Integral Process ◽  
Poetic Texts ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Material Texts

The authors appeal to the issues relevant to researchers of contemporary culture and art in the field of figurative language of culture, the two-level intertext and paradigm of metavirtualism. The object of research is a figurative, upper layer of two – level intertext, the carrier of the the-saurus of virtual images, constructions and concepts that make up the semantic field of culture. The subject of the research is the property of the image layer of the two-level intertext manifested in mini-mizing the representation of concepts in their translation into material texts of culture. The aim of the work is to substantiate the tendency to minimization of artistic concepts as an objective consequence of the influence of the upper, figurative layer of intertext on the integral process of development of artis-tic culture and to generalize this trend as a law of minimization of representation of artistic concepts. The ratio of the concept and the image associated with never validate of thinking and the idea of consciousness as a two-layer phenomenon, combining the imaginative and the rational (reflective) layer. In contrast to the relatively rigid verbal-reflexive level, the thesaurus of the “upper” (figurative) layer of intertext has a high degree of semantic dynamism, flexibility, and elasticity; these or other images by their very nature can not acquire a strictly defined “meaning”, meaning, rigid and unambig-uous interpretation – their specific manifestations are always and first of all concrete, individual and unique. In this sense, they can be compared with the “archetypes” of K. G. Jung. Researchers of modern poetic texts notice a steady reduction in the average length of the poem from the collection to the collection, a decrease in the number of stanzas, the desire for laconism, which grows into gravitation to poetic miniature. Sometimes they talk about the compression of infor-mation, the increment of meaning, content and at the same time minimize the means of expression, the growth of information capacity of signs. There is an obvious tendency to make the picturesque lan-guage of portrait, landscape, sculpture more laconic. Such a manifestation of conciseness, apparent simplification of the artistic language, minimization is actually aimed at concentrating the viewer on the images generated by the work of art (representation of the concept). This minimization of means of expression, from our point of view, is an objective consequence of the impact of the upper, figurative layer of intertext on the whole process of development of artistic culture, and can be generalized as a law of minimization of representation of artistic concepts. It is also promising to continue and deepen the analysis of the harmonious coexistence of cultural and artistic processes of “minimization” and “expansion” in the framework of the synthesis of arts.

Derivation as a Source of Medical Terminology Formation

2019 ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
Nataliia Misnyk
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Clinical Terminology ◽  
The Creation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Medical Concepts ◽  
Clear Description ◽  
Terminology System

The article is devoted to the specificity of the derivation in the field of medical terminology. Among the traditional methods of term formation, morphological (in particular its variants – affixation and composition of words and bases) is the most active. In terminological derivation in the field of clinical medicine, several trends have been identified, the main of which are: the formation of its own terminological fund of word-formation means, the close interaction of national and international components, the high degree of regularity in the formal-linguistic design, which is explained by the international nature of formants and their regular communication with a certain word-making way. Recently, more and more attention is paid to its own word-building resources. It is possible to predict that modern terminology in the field of clinical medicine will deepen this tendency by involving international elements in the creation of terms and using already used for the expansion of the terminological fund of medical science. It is important to study derivation in terms of structural standardization of terms. An analysis of word-formation meanings and their means of expression make it possible, in our opinion, to streamline and generalize the types of relationships that we observe in the terminology field “clinical terminology”. The study of the affixation of a fund of medical-clinical terminology has given grounds for arguing that suffixal and prefixal morphemes largely determine the specifics of clinical terminology, which enable a clear description of certain medical concepts, phenomena, and activity in the creation of new terms. This method provides the possibility of using the same type of word formation, which contributes to the structural systematization of the terminology system.

scholarly journals The philosophy of nature as a springboard into social realism: about Ibsen's Emperor and Galilean and a post-secular interpretation of the drama by Hilda Hellwig

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 89-110
Author(s):  
Tina Hamrin-Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Stress Reduction ◽  
New World ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
Henrik Ibsen ◽  
The West ◽  
Buddhist Meditation ◽  
Belief In God ◽  
Scientific Philosophy ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree

Friedrich von Schelling was a significant cultural influence when Henrik Ibsen lived in Germany in the 1850s. However, because of Schelling’s Naturphilosophie, which stood out as irreconcilable with the scientific philosophy of the positivists, Schelling came to be more and more neglected after the mid-nineteenth century. His pronounced idealism, belief in God, and metaphysical comments were branded ‘old-fashioned’ soon after his death. Today, Schelling is mentioned in contexts where ideas about ‘mindfulness’ are of importance. In 1979 a clinic for Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) was founded and although originally articulated as an element of Buddhism, it is pointed out by committed practitioners that there is nothing inherently religious about mindfulness. It is however about integrating the healing aspects of Buddhist meditation practices with the concept of psychological awareness and healing. To a high degree in Western countries, psychotherapists have adapted and developed mindfulness techniques. When it comes to metaphysics, Schelling’s influence on the religious ideas that were accepted by Ibsen was never acknowledged. This text will throw some light upon Schelling as a source of inspiration for Ibsen and his milieu. Is it so, that Schelling’s ideas not until our ‘post-secular’ epoch have come into their own? Ibsen producers and actors are familiar with ‘New World Mindfulness’ and the history of mindfulness in the West.

scholarly journals Innovative infrastructure of the university: small innovative enterprise

2020 ◽  
pp. 270-275
Author(s):  
D. I. Zakirova
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
Innovative Enterprise ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
The University ◽  
Competitive Products ◽  
High Degree

Currently, most Kazakhstani universities have identified a new direction of development for themselves and are being transformed into universities of an innovative and entrepreneurial type. This implies the creation of an innovative infrastructure and the formation of an innovative development strategy. The article discusses one of the elements of the innovation infrastructure of universities - a small innovative enterprise. The significant role of innovation in the modern economy is undeniable. The creation of competitive products with a high degree of science intensity is impossible without the use of innovations. This fact applies to the sphere of education as well as to any branch of the economy.The creation and development of small innovative enterprises can act as one of the tools for developing modern universities in Kazakhstan since it creates conditions for the active involvement of students in innovative activities and forms entrepreneurial potential. As a result of the creation and development of small innovative enterprises in universities, the material and technical base, educational and pedagogical elements are improved. Through the development of small innovative enterprises, universities strengthen their competitive positions and can also enter new markets. By acquiring patent rights, universities can ensure a competitive position in the creation of knowledge-intensive goods and services. To strengthen the innovative potential of the university, it is possible to manage intellectual property and develop know-how. Thus, the creation and development of small innovative enterprises in Kazakhstani universities is a mechanism for providing innovative infrastructure and realizing entrepreneurial potential.

scholarly journals Language evolution: examining the link between cross-modality and aggression through the lens of disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 376 (1824) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Benítez-Burraco ◽  
Ljiljana Progovac
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Language Evolution ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Reactive Aggression ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Derogatory Language ◽  
Precise Degree

We demonstrate how two linguistic phenomena, figurative language (implicating cross-modality) and derogatory language (implicating aggression), both demand a precise degree of (dis)inhibition in the same cortico-subcortical brain circuits, in particular cortico-striatal networks, whose connectivity has been significantly enhanced in recent evolution. We examine four cognitive disorders/conditions that exhibit abnormal patterns of (dis)inhibition in these networks: schizophrenia (SZ), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), synaesthesia and Tourette's syndrome (TS), with the goal of understanding why the two phenomena altered reactive aggression and altered cross-modality cluster together in these disorders. Our proposal is that enhanced cross-modality (necessary to support language, in particular metaphoricity) was a result, partly a side-effect, of self-domestication (SD). SD targeted the taming of reactive aggression, but reactive impulses are controlled by the same cortico-subcortical networks that are implicated in cross-modality. We further add that this biological process of SD did not act alone, but was engaged in an intense feedback loop with the cultural emergence of early forms of language/grammar, whose high degree of raw metaphoricity and verbal aggression also contributed to increased brain connectivity and cortical control. Consequently, in conjunction with linguistic expressions serving as approximations/‘fossils’ of the earliest stages of language, these cognitive disorders/conditions serve as confident proxies of brain changes in language evolution, helping us reconstruct certain crucial aspects of early prehistoric languages and cognition, as well as shed new light on the nature of the disorders. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Reconstructing prehistoric languages’.

scholarly journals Developing Procedural Generation Tools for Video Game Audio Designers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christopher Wratt
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Sound Design ◽  
Game Engine ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Game State ◽  
Game Developers ◽  
Time Accuracy ◽  
High Degree

<p>In video games, audio is often a vital element in the creation of immersive gaming experiences. One set of techniques that are particularly well suited to attaining this immersion are procedural audio techniques. These techniques enable enhanced immersion through supporting close synchronisation between player and game state in ways that are difficult to achieve with other game audio techniques. While this is the case, there is a lack of GUI and script-based tools that support the use of such techniques. This thesis explores this lack, and documents the development of two new video game tools for the creation of procedurally generated audio.  The first of these tools is a Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) library that supports the playback and real-time manipulation of MIDI files in the Unity game engine. The tool achieves real-time procedural audio, yet fails to meet required levels of time accuracy and is only a partial success. The second tool developed is a plugin hosting application that enables the use of the popular audio plugin format, VST2, in the Unity game engine. The tool succeeds in achieving VST2 effect plugin loading and, at the time of the completion of this thesis, is the only tool capable of embedding such plugins into applications developed in a major game engine. This will be of significant benefit to game developers who wish to achieve a high degree of immersivity in the music and sound design in their games.</p>

scholarly journals Figurative meaning in multimodal work by an autistic artist: a cognitive semantic approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
JENNY HARTMAN ◽  
CARITA PARADIS
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Multimodal Approach ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Figurative Meaning ◽  
Meaning Production ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Figurative Language Comprehension

ABSTRACT Research on figurative meaning in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) would benefit from considering a greater variety of data types and using more diverse methods. Previous studies have predominantly applied experimental methods to investigate processing of figurative language (mostly metaphor) and have for the most part concluded that individuals with ASD have deficits in figurative language comprehension. In this study, we focus on the creation and communication of figurative meaning in discursively situated and thematically organized verbal, gestural, and pictorial data published by an autistic artist in the form of videos and comics. Across three prominent experiential themes in the data, we isolate types of conceptualizations and generalize over mappings between target and source experiences. We find that the data are rich in figurative meaning expression (e.g., metaphor and metonymy) conveyed through language, co-speech gestures, and pictures in ways that are clearly embodied (experientially based) and that reflect affordances and constraints of these modes of communication. While our case study of meaning production does not contradict previous research on figurative meaning comprehension in populations, it does indicate benefits of taking a broader and multimodal approach to figurative meaning in research on ASD.

scholarly journals Developing a Virtual Museum: Experience from the Design and Creation Process

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Felipe Besoain ◽  
Liza Jego ◽  
Ismael Gallardo
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
End Users ◽  
Local Region ◽  
Virtual Museum ◽  
Virtual Reality Technology ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Museum Experience ◽  
The Creation ◽  
High Degree

Virtual reality technology has grown significantly in recent years. The arrival of Head Mounted Displays (HDM) on the market for end-users has positioned these technologies as a new channel to promote new simulated or contextualized experiences. We have used the design and creation strategy to develop a virtual reality experience for the Oculus GO and Quest HDM. We digitized 30 pieces from nine local museums to provide an experience guided by a character that represents the main artisan work of the local region. A usability test was performed, showing that participants felt a high degree of immersion and realism. They were able to complete the assigned tasks, and results suggest that the software meets the main objective. Furthermore, the creation of this virtual reality (VR) experience has shown how important it is to make users a part of the creation process, as well as to develop a process to make the software useful to them and other users. Some recommendations are made based on the experience of the development, and comments are given on each step of the design and creation strategy.

scholarly journals Investigating Features of Multilingualism in Ayoade Okedokun’s Mopelola: The Tale of a Beauty Goddess: A Sociolinguistic Appraisal

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Innocent Sourou Koutchadé
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Native Culture ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
The Creation ◽  
African Writers ◽  
Culture And Language

In most African writings, it is commonly noticed that culture and linguistic background affect the creation of literary idiolects. African writers use the English language in accordance with the situation in which they find themselves; they also make use of multilingual features, thus combining the English language with the linguistic resources they draw from their mother tongue. This paper aims to explore patterns of multilingualism in Mopelola: The Tale of a Beauty Goddess, a play produced by a Nigerian writer, Ayoade Okedokun. The paper mainly focuses on the linguistic and cultural influence of Yoruba that reflect the use of multilingualism features in the play. The analysis shows that there are various instances of borrowing, code-switching and transliteration representing the cultural interferences which are used to accommodate some elements of the writer’s native culture and language into the English language.

scholarly journals Aspects of metonymy in language and thought

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-70
Author(s):  
Katarina Rasulic
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Figurative Language ◽  
Meaning Construction ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Language And Thought ◽  
Interdisciplinary Perspective ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Insight Into

Based on the theoretical insights from cognitive linguistics, this paper aims to shed fresh light on certain aspects of metonymy as one of the basic mechanisms of conceptualsemantic organization. It is argued that the prototype model of categorization can provide substantial explanatory potential in the linguistic treatment of metonymy, that anthropocentricity is an important aspect of metonymic conceptualization, and that metonymy has multiple roles in the creation of meaning, including meaning extension, meaning construction and meaning imposition. The significance of investigating the multifaceted character of metonymic conceptualization (as well as of figurative language and thought in general) from an interdisciplinary perspective is highlighted as fundamental for a more comprehensive insight into the nature of meaning.

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