scholarly journals IMEJ PERLAMBANGAN ‘TANGAN’ DALAM SIMPULAN BAHASA MELAYU: ANALISIS SEMANTIK INKUISITIF

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-131
Author(s):  
Siti Elmira Jonteng ◽  
Yazid Yahya ◽  
Siti Farida Salleh ◽  
Nurul Aida Abdullah ◽  
Mary Fatimah Subet
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Education System ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Inquisitive Semantics ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Cross Reference

Malay idioms can express the wisdom of philosophy and common sense in the Malay community to convey a specific message. However, Malay Idioms underestimated by the society, particularly in education system nowadays. This study aimed to analyse the Malay idioms that has ‘hand’ symbol using inquisitive semantics. The importance of this study is to develop more inquisitive semantics’s study in addition to explore the power of Malay community thought in the past by choosing certain lexical to associate with people or other things. Based on purposive sampling, there are 24 Malay idioms using ‘hand’ symbol in Kamus Peribahasa Melayu Edisi Kelima. The findings of the study found that, there were 11 idioms themed temperament, attitude and deed, five idioms themed profit, fate and futility, one idiom themed knowledge and lessons, 5 idioms themed matters of life, 1 idiom themed situation and comparison and one idiom themed government matters and customs are still in use today. To explain the true meaning of this Malay idiom, inquisitive semantic approach and Bridging Cross Reference (BCR) was applied based on the corpus data at Pangkalan Korpus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (PKDBP). The results of the study found that he concept of the hand is a part of body from elbow to the fingertips and indirectly the hand is one of the limbs that are widely used in daily activities. Therefore, this study not only describes the true meaning of Malay idioms, but can prove the wisdom of the Malay community in the past in using "hand" symbol and reflects human nature or behaviour figuratively.  Keywords: Malay idiom, body, hand symbol, inquisitive semantics   Abstrak: Simpulan bahasa Melayu dapat menunjukkan kebijaksanaan falsafah dan akal budi masyarakat Melayu terdahulu dalam menyampaikan sesuatu mesej tertentu. Namun begitu, simpulan bahasa semakin dipandang remeh oleh masyarakat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis simpulan bahasa Melayu yang menggunakan imej perlambangan ‘tangan’ dengan mengaplikasikan kajian semantik inkuisitif. Kepentingan kajian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan lagi kajian semantik inkuisitif, di samping untuk meneroka kehebatan pemikiran masyarakat Melayu pada zaman dahulu dalam memilih leksikal tertentu dalam penciptaan simpulan bahasa. Terdapat sebanyak 24 simpulan bahasa mempunyai imej perlambangan ‘tangan’ telah dapat dikesan dalam Kamus Peribahasa Melayu Edisi Kelima susunan  Mohd. Tajuddin Hj Abd. Rahman (2017) berdasarkan pensampelan bertujuan. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa sebanyak sebelas (11) simpulan bahasa yang bertemakan perangai, sikap dan perbuatan, lima (5) simpulan bahasa bertemakan untung, nasib dan sia-sia, satu (1) bertemakan ilmu pengetahuan dan pelajaran, 5 bertemakan hal-hal kehidupan, satu (1) bertemakan keadaan dan perbandingan dan satu (1) simpulan bahasa bertemakan hal pemerintahan dan adat negeri masih diguna pakai sehingga kini. Bagi menghuraikan makna sebenar peribahasa tersebut, pendekatan semantik inkuisitif dan Rangka Rujuk Silang (RRS) telah diaplikasikan dengan berpandukan data korpus dalam Pangkalan Korpus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP).  Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa konsep tangan merupakan bahagian yang terdapat pada anggota badan iaitu dari siku sehingga ke hujung jari dan secara tidak langsung tangan merupakan salah satu daripada anggota badan yang banyak digunakan dalam aktiviti seharian. Pengkaji juga telah mendapati bahawa kajian semantik inkuisitif dapat memberi gambaran keseluruhan yang mendalam terhadap penggunaan lambang ‘tangan’ selain mengetahui makna secara harfiah. Oleh itu, kajian semantik inkusitif dapat menghuraikan makna sebenar simpulan bahasa tersebut  yang memperlihatkan kebijaksanaan masyarakat Melayu pada zaman dahulu dalam menggunakan imej perlambangan “tangan” bagi mencerminkan menyampaikan sesuatu mesej secara tersirat. Kata kunci: Simpulan bahasa, anggota badan, tangan, semantik inkuisitif

scholarly journals PERISTIWA ANEH DALAM CERITA RAKYAT “HIKAYAT NAKHODA MUDA”: ANALISIS SEMANTIK INKUISITIF

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Nur Ezatull Fadtehah Hedel ◽  
Mary Fatimah Subet
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Inquisitive Semantics ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Folk Stories ◽  
Cross Reference

Strange events always absorbed in the creation of folk stories. This happens as strange events are able to trigger emotions such as excitement, curiosity and peculiarity among readers and listeners.  However, the strange event cannot be translated literally due to the presence of the implicit meaning in the text. Therefore, to explore the implicit meanings that occur in the text, the researcher applied the Inquisitive Semantics (IS) by Jalaluddin (2014) and Bridging Cross Reference (BCR) approach by Kempson (1986).  This is a fully qualitative study as it involves text analysis from a documented book. The source of the data was obtained from a book entitled “Antologi Enam Hikayat” by Nor (2016). The limitation of this study, the researcher only analyze folklore entitle “Hikayat Nakhoda Muda”. Based on the findings of the study,  this folklore have 10 strange event. Therefore, by using IS and BCR, the researcher can answer why strange events occur in this folklore based on data, cognitive, theory and philosophy in order to explore the wisdom of the people in the past that are high in intellect. Keywords: folklore; Hikayat Nakhoda Muda; strange event; inquisitive semantics; intelligence   Abstrak: Peristiwa aneh sering diserapkan dalam penciptaan cerita rakyat. Perkara ini berlaku supaya dapat menimbulkan perasaan teruja, tanda tanya mahupun kepelikan dalam kalangan pembaca dan pendengar. Namun begitu, peristiwa aneh ini tidak dapat diterjemahkan secara harfiah sahaja kerana kejadian tersebut bersifat tersirat. Oleh itu, bagi merungkai sebab kejadian aneh dalam cerita rakyat ini, pengkaji mengaplikasikan pendekatan Semantik Inkuisitif (SI) oleh Jalaluddin (2014) serta dibantu pendekatan Rangka Rujuk Silang (RRS) oleh Kempson (1986). Kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif sepenuhnya dengan mengaplikasikan analisis dokumen yang telah dibukukan. Sumber data diperoleh daripada buku hikayat yang berjudul “Antologi Enam Hikayat” terbitan Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka hasil usaha Nor (2016). Namun begitu, sebagai batasan kajian pengkaji akan menganalisis cerita rakyat “Hikayat Nakhoda Muda”. Berdasarkan dapatan kajian, cerita rakyat “Hikayat Nakhoda Muda” mempunyai 10 peristiwa aneh. Oleh itu, berpandukan pendekatan SI dan RRS ini pengkaji dapat menjawab sebab terjadinya kejadian aneh dalam cerita rakyat tersebut berpandukan data, teori kognitif dan falsafah demi mencungkil akal budi penututnya. Kata kunci: Cerita rakyat; Hikayat Nakhoda Muda; peristiwa aneh; Semantik Inkuisitif; akal budi  

Chelovek.RU/Человек.RU

Chelovek RU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 18-53
Author(s):  
Sergei Avanesov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Great Distance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian Philosopher ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
The Future ◽  
Pavel Florensky ◽  
The Moment

Abstract. The article analyzes the autobiography of the famous Russian philosopher, theologian and scientist Pavel Florensky, as well as those of his texts that retain traces of memories. According to Florensky, the personal biography is based on family history and continues in children. He addresses his own biography to his children. Memories based on diary entries are designed as a memory diary, that is, as material for future memories. The past becomes actual in autobiography, turns into a kind of present. The past, from the point of view of its realization in the present, gains meaning and significance. The au-thor is active in relation to his own past, transforming it from a collection of disparate facts into a se-quence of events. A person can only see the true meaning of such events from a great distance. Therefore, the philosopher remembers not so much the circumstances of his life as the inner impressions of the en-counter with reality. The most powerful personality-forming experiences are associated with childhood. Even the moment of birth can decisively affect the character of a person and the range of his interests. The foundations of a person's worldview are laid precisely in childhood. Florensky not only writes mem-oirs about himself, but also tries to analyze the problems of time and memory. A person is immersed in time, but he is able to move into the past through memory and into the future through faith. An autobi-ography can never be written to the end because its author lives on. However, reaching the depths of life, he is able to build his path in such a way that at the end of this path he will unite with the fullness of time, with eternity.

The Nature of Degrowth: Theorising the Core of Nature for the Degrowth Movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasi Heikkurinen
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Radical Reduction ◽  
Nature Experience ◽  
Matter Energy

This article investigates human–nature relations in the light of the recent call for degrowth, a radical reduction of matter–energy throughput in over-producing and over-consuming cultures. It outlines a culturally sensitive response to a (conceived) paradox where humans embedded in nature experience alienation and estrangement from it. The article finds that if nature has a core, then the experienced distance makes sense. To describe the core of nature, three temporal lenses are employed: the core of nature as ‘the past’, ‘the future’, and ‘the present’. It is proposed that while the degrowth movement should be inclusive of temporal perspectives, the lens of the present should be emphasised to balance out the prevailing romanticism and futurism in the theory and practice of degrowth.

A Scientific Search for Altruism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Daniel Batson
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Empathic Concern ◽  
Altruistic Motivation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Past Half

This book provides an example of how the scientific method can be used to address a fundamental question about human nature. For centuries—indeed for millennia—the egoism–altruism debate has echoed through Western thought. Egoism says that the motivation for everything we do, including all of our seemingly selfless acts of care for others, is to gain one or another self-benefit. Altruism, while not denying the force of self-benefit, says that under certain circumstances we can care for others for their sakes, not our own. Over the past half-century, social psychologists have turned to laboratory experiments to provide a scientific resolution of this human nature debate. The experiments focused on the possibility that empathic concern—other-oriented emotion elicited by and congruent with the perceived welfare of someone in need—produces altruistic motivation to remove that need. With carefully constructed experimental designs, these psychologists have tested the nature of the motivation produced by empathic concern, determining whether it is egoistic or altruistic. This series of experiments has provided an answer to a fundamental question about what makes us tick. Framed as a detective story, the book traces this scientific search for altruism through the numerous twists and turns that led to the conclusion that empathy-induced altruism is indeed part of our nature. It then examines the implications of this conclusion—negative implications as well as positive—both for our understanding of who we are as humans and for how we might create a more humane society.

The economics of escalation

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-140
Author(s):  
Fabio D’Orlando ◽  
Sharon Ricciotti
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Budget Constraint ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Innate Behavior ◽  
Hedonic Adaptation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Subjective Scale ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Positional Effects

Escalation is a key characteristic of many consumption behaviors that has not received theoretical attention. This paper aims to propose both a definition and a theoretical treatment of escalation in consumption. We define escalation as a subject’s attempt to obtain “more” or engage in consumption behaviors that are “more intense” on a measurable, quantitative or qualitative, objective or subjective, scale (more difficult ski slopes, stronger drugs, harder sex, better restaurants etc.), even if the subject preferred less intense consumption behaviors in the past. Further, this evolution in behavior also occurs if the budget constraint does not change. We will find endogenous and exogenous theoretical microfoundations for escalation in models of hedonic adaptation, desire for novelty, acquisition of consumption skills, rising aspirations, positional effects, and envy. However, we will also discuss the possibility that the tendency to escalate is a specific innate behavior inherent to human nature. Finally, we will propose a preliminary theoretical formalization of such behavior and indicate the possible implications of taking escalation into adequate consideration. JEL codes: B52, D11, D90, D91, I31

BIOMECHANICS OF WHEELCHAIR PROPULSION

2009 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 229-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIEN-JU LIN ◽  
PO-CHOU LIN ◽  
FONG-CHIN SU ◽  
KAI-NAN AN
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Wheelchair Propulsion ◽  
Mobility Impairments ◽  
Force Application ◽  
The Past

With progress of modern technology, manually-propelled wheelchairs are still of importance for individuals with mobility impairments. The repeated wheelchair propulsion and strenuous daily activities cause high loads and thus injuries on the upper extremity joints. Over the past few years, a considerable number of studies have been made on biomechanical analysis of wheelchair propulsion and wheelchair-related activities. Thorough investigation of biomechanics during wheelchair propulsion enhances comprehension of mechanism of injuries and provides information to improve wheelchair design and fitting. Numerous investigations have been made to demonstrate factors which cause low effectiveness of force application and inefficiency of movements. Emphasis was also placed on developing analytical models to simulate wheelchair propulsion.

Common Sense Propositions

Philosophy ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 48 (186) ◽  
pp. 363-379
Author(s):  
A. C. Ewing
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Physical Object ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Know How ◽  
Justified Belief ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Right ◽  
Past Experiences

Philosophers have not been sceptical only about metaphysics or religious beliefs. There are a great number of other beliefs generally held which they have had at least as much difficulty in justifying, and in the present article I ask questions as to the right philosophical attitude to these beliefs in cases where to our everyday thought they seem so obvious as to be a matter of the most ordinary common sense. A vast number of propositions go beyond what is merely empirical and cannot be seen to be logically necessary but are still believed by everybody in their daily life. Into this class fall propositions about physical things, other human minds and even propositions about one's own past experiences based on memory, for we are not now ‘observing’ our past. The phenomenalist does not escape the difficulty about physical things, for he reduces physical object propositions, in so far as true, not merely to propositions about his own actual experience but to propositions about the experiences of other human beings in general under certain conditions, and he cannot either observe or logically prove what the experiences of other people are or what even his own would be under conditions which have not yet been fulfilled. What is the philosopher to say about such propositions? Even Moore, who insisted so strongly that we knew them, admitted that we did not know how we knew them. The claim which a religious man makes to a justified belief that is neither a matter of purely empirical perception nor formally provable is indeed by no means peculiar to the religious. It is made de facto by everybody in his senses, whether or not he realizes that he is doing so. There is indeed a difference: while everyone believes in the existence of other human beings and in the possibility of making some probable predictions about the future from the past, not everybody holds religious beliefs, and although this does not necessarily invalidate the claim it obviously weakens it.

APLIKASI KAIDAH "AL-'ADAH MUHAKKAMAH" DALAM KASUS PENETAPAN JUMLAH MAHAR

Al-MAJAALIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-85
Author(s):  
Kholid Saifulloh
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Branch Coverage ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Determining Factor

Al-'adah muhakkamah, literally ‘customary usage is the determining factor’,is one of the five universal maxims of Islamic jurisprudencewhich have a wide branch coverage agreed upon by the scholars.This maxim is built on the basis of custom and local wisdom that exists in every community, where this custom is continuously carried out by the community without any denial from them; it is precisely individuals who violate these customs will be considered "freaks". Therefore, Islam makes the customs of a community a legal basis as long as they fulfill the requirements stipulated by Sharia.The formulation of the problem in this study is about: (1) the definition of the al-'adah muhakkamah maxim, (2) the conditions for applying it, and (3) its application in determining the amount and type of dowry. This paper tries to study a jurisprudence principle and apply it to a jurisprudence problem so as to form a complete understanding of the rules as well as how to apply them in the branch of jurisprudence. The conclusions of this study are: (1) that 'adah is something that happens repeatedly which is accepted by common sense and human nature, (2) an 'adah can become a legal basis if it does not contradict the arguments of the Sharia, it is more often done than abandoned, there is no words of the' adah doer who excludes, and the 'adah must exist at the time the covenant occurs,(3) the rule of al-'adah muhakkamah can be applied to determine the number and types ofmis^ldowries, as well as musamma dowries which are absolutely stated.

scholarly journals Transforming finnish higher education: institutional mergers and conflicting academic identities

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jani Ursin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Academic Identities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Institutional Mergers ◽  
Finnish Higher Education

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> </p><p class="RESUMENCURSIVA">As in many other European countries also Finnish higher education system has witnessed several reforms over the past decade many of which originate in efforts to make more competitive and affordable higher education system. The aim of this paper is to describe the changes and institutional mergers in particular that have taken place in Finnish higher education and explore what kind of academic identities are constructed amid changes in Finnish higher education. The paper shows that the mergers followed the objectives set by the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture for the structural development of the higher education system and that the creation of a joint culture for merged institutions was important yet challenging. The paper also argues that due to these external changes in Finnish higher education there is a tendency to move from a traditional notion of an academic toward more hybrid and dynamic understanding of what it is being an academic in the 21st century.</p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p>

scholarly journals Challenges South African youth face in education and their quest to eradicate issues of the past

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Kim Barnes
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Education System ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Past ◽  
African Youth ◽  
Democratic Elections ◽  
Unequal Opportunities

The youth of South Africa today face many challenges in their daily lives. The majority of South Africa's population is made up of youth- people aged between 15 and 35 years old. The youth in South Africa face challenges such as crime, unemployment, poverty, and most importantly unequal opportunities in education. These challenges should not be present in the daily lives of South African youth, especially since it has been over two decades since South Africa’s first democratic elections. The challenges that are faced in the education system is explored and solutions are suggested to help end the chain of poverty.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document