Substitution of Synthetic Fibers by Bio-Based Fibers in a Structural Mortar

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Audouin ◽  
Nicolas Philippe ◽  
Fabien Bernardeau ◽  
Mariann Chaussy ◽  
Sergio Pons Ribera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Formulation Parameters ◽  
Metallic Fibers ◽  
Important Objective ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of

The use of bio-based material is now widespread in insulation concrete, for example hemp concrete. The bio-based materials in concrete provide many advantages: lightness, sound and thermal insulation, hydrothermal regulation while contributing to a reduction in the environmental impact due to the carbon capture during the plant growth. The development of materials incorporating plant is therefore an important objective for the construction. The next step will be to introduce bio-based materials in structural mortars and concretes. The project FIBRABETON proposes to substitute synthetic or metallic fibers by natural fibers in screed and slab. After a selection of biomass on the resources availability, separation and fractionation are the key step in processing to obtain technical natural fibers. Bulk fiber shaping and packaging methods for easy handling and transportation are tested. Then, functionalization of technical natural fibers by physical & chemical treatments to improve the durability with cement paste is carried out. The second step concerns the introduction of treated or not treated fibers in mortar and concrete formulations. The variation of the nature of the biomass, fibers shape and dosage in concrete are studied. The workability, the compressive strength and withdrawal resistance are measured in order to obtain the best formulation parameters. The evolution of properties over time is also evaluated. The project FIBRABETON is carried out with ESTP, FRD and Vicat and is subsidized by ADEME, Grand Est region and FEDER.

Scanning Electron Micrsocopy of Various Natural Textile Fibers

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 834-835
Author(s):  
Gisela Buschle-Diller
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Processing Steps ◽  
Microscopic Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Plant fibers such as cotton, hemp and flax have been cultivated for textile purposes for thousands of years. These natural fibers play an important role in daily life as apparel fibers since they provide unique comfort properties unsurpassed by synthetic fibers. However, their use is not limited to the apparel sector. In recent years the market share of consumer textiles and industrial products made from all kinds of natural fibers has tremendously increased as they present a valuable source of renewable raw materials. Investigating their surface features by microscopic techniques is important to control the performance of the desired end-product. Processing steps involving heat, light or exposure to chemicals might have a significant impact on the specific surface properties of a fiber whether or not this was originally intended. Scanning electron microscopy is therefore a very useful tool for the characterization of textile products to determine the effectiveness and eventual resulting damage from physical or chemical treatments.

PU composites based on different types of textile fibers

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110316
Author(s):  
Nuno Gama ◽  
B Godinho ◽  
Ana Barros-Timmons ◽  
Artur Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
High Water ◽  
Textile Fibers ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Hydrophilic Nature ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Recycled Composites

In this study polyurethane (PU) residues were mixed with residues of textile fibers (cotton, wool and synthetic fibers up to 70 wt/wt) to produce 100% recycled composites. In addition, the effect of the type of fiber on the performance of the ensuing composites was evaluated. The presence of fibers showed similar effect on the density, reducing the density in the 5.5-9.0% range. In a similar manner, the addition of fillers decreased their thermal conductivity. The 70 wt/wt wool composite presented 38.1% lower thermal conductivity when compared to the neat matrix, a reduction that was similar for the other type of fibers. Moreover, the presence of fillers yields stiffer materials, especially in the case of the Wool based composites, which with 70 wt/wt of filler content increased the tensile modulus of the ensuing material 3.4 times. This was attributed to the aspect ratio and stiffness of this type of fiber. Finally, the high-water absorption and lower thermal stability observed, especially in the case of the natural fibers, was associated with the hydrophilic nature of fibers and porosity of composites. Overall, the results suggest that these textile-based composites are suitable for construction and automotive applications, with the advantage of being produced from 100% recycled raw-materials, without compromised performance.

scholarly journals Natural Plant Fiber Composites-Constituent Properties and Challenges in Numerical Modeling and Simulations

2017 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yucheng Zhong ◽  
Umeyr Kureemun ◽  
Le Quan Ngoc Tran ◽  
Heow Pueh Lee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Plant Fiber ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Review Reports

Natural fibers are extracted from natural resources such as stems of plants. In contrast to synthetic fibers (e.g., carbon fibers), natural fibers are from renewable resources and are eco-friendlier. Plant fibers are important members of natural fibers. Review papers discussing the microstructures, performances and applications of natural plant fiber composites are available in the literature. However, there are relatively fewer review reports focusing on the modeling of the mechanical properties of plant fiber composites. The microstructures and mechanical behavior of plant fiber composites are briefly introduced by highlighting their characteristics that need to be considered prior to modeling. Numerical works that have already been carried out are discussed and summarized. Unlike synthetic fibers, natural plant fiber composites have not received sufficient attention in terms of numerical simulations. Existing technical challenges in this subject are summarized to provide potential opportunities for future research.

A statistical analysis of low-stress mechanical properties of warp-knitted fabrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka-yan Yim ◽  
Chi-wai Kan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Fabric Hand ◽  
Low Stress Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fabric Weight ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Selection Of

Fabric hand is an indispensable characteristic for the selection of fabric and product development and the buying consideration for manufacturers and consumers. However, there is little comprehensive work on the hand feel property of warp-knitted fabrics due to the mainstream natural fibers (cotton, wool and silk) and other fabric structures (woven, weft-knitted and nonwoven). The increasing potential for the wide variety of applications and development of warp-knitted fabrics is not only because its fabric hand gives better determination for fabric marketing, but also because it provides extensive scope for fabric performance and appearance. This paper reports an experimental study on the integrated fabric hand behavior of a series of warp-knitted fabrics made for various apparel applications, such as sportswear, lingerie and leisure wear. These 105 fabrics were produced by varying different physical parameters, including fabric weight and fabric thickness. The Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F) was employed to obtain the fabric hand properties (primary hand value and total hand value) related with stiffness, smoothness and softness. All low-stress mechanical properties and fabric hand values from the testing results were used to verify the applicability of the KES-F on warp-knitted fabrics and to analyze the relationships of fabric parameters and hand characteristics. The results indicate that the KES-F is an appropriate tool to measure the hand attributes of warp-knitted samples, and moderate correlations between physical properties and mechanical behavior were found.

Study on Thermal, Thermo-Mechanical, and Flexural Properties of Jute Fiber Surface Modification and Its Reinforced Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Syed Rashedul Islam ◽  
Abeer Alassod ◽  
Mohammed Kayes Patoary ◽  
Tayyab Naveed ◽  
Md Arshad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Jute Fibers ◽  
Composite Properties

In recent years, reinforced composites from biodegradable and natural fibers have a worldwide scope for advanced applications. However, the core limitation of natural fiber reinforced composites are poor consistency among supporting fibers and the matrix. Therefore, optimal structural performance of fibers and matrix is desirable. In this study, chemical treatments (i.e., alkali pretreatment, acid pretreatment, and scouring) were applied to jute fibers for improvement of composite properties. Thermal, thermo-mechanical, and flexural properties, and surface morphology, of untreated and treated jute fibers were studied on the treated fibers. Jute fiber/epoxy composite properties were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), flexural strength and modulus, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The chemical treatments had a significant impact on the properties of jute fiber composites.

Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy of Environmentally Weathered Textile Fabrics for Enhanced Microplastic Identification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreyas Patankar ◽  
Ekaterina Vassilenko ◽  
Mathew Watkins ◽  
Anna Posacka ◽  
Peter Ross
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

<p>Microplastic pollution in oceans is among the global environmental concerns of our time. Emerging research on ocean environments indicates that microfibers, such as those originating from textiles, are some of the most commonly occurring type of microplastic contaminants. While Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is commonly used to identify and characterize pollutant samples obtained from the environment, this identification is challenging because infrared spectra of materials can be modified by exposure to the ocean, air, UV light, and other ambient conditions, in a process referred to as “weathering”. We report preliminary efforts in improving FTIR characterization of microplastics by building a library of infrared spectra of common textile fibers weathered under a selection of ambient conditions. Consumer textile materials including polyester, nylon, cotton, and other, were exposed to a selection of ambient conditions: ocean, air, and wastewater treatment stages, in a controlled weathering experiment. Infrared spectra were monitored for up to 52 weeks, with the resulting data illuminating on the environmental fate and longevity of synthetic and natural fibers. Spectral changes caused by weathering were found to depend strongly on both the composition of the material and the specific ambient conditions. This library of weathered material spectra is useful not only in easier identification of environmental microfibers, but also in helping us estimate the duration and manner of weathering that a given environmental microfiber may have experienced.</p>

Selection of pectinolytic fungi for degumming of natural fibers

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 899-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Baracat ◽  
C. Valentim ◽  
J. J. Muchovej ◽  
D. O. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Three Evidence Based Methods to Compensate for a Lack of Subject Background when Ordering Chemistry Monographs

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Robert A. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Library System ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of

Objective – The aim of this article is to present evidence based methods for the selection of chemistry monographs, particularly for librarians lacking a background in chemistry. These methods will be described in detail, their practical application illustrated, and their efficacy tested by analyzing circulation data. Methods – Two hundred and ninety-five chemistry monographs were selected between 2005 and 2007 using rigorously-applied evidence based methods involving the Library's integrated library system (ILS), Google, and SciFinder Scholar. The average circulation rate of this group of monographs was compared to the average circulation rate of 254 chemistry monographs selected between 2002 and 2004 when the methods were not used or were in an incomplete state of development. Results – Circulations/month were on average 9% greater in the cohort of monographs selected with the rigorously-applied evidence based methods. Further statistical analysis, however, finds that this result can not be attributed to the different application of these methods. Conclusion – The methods discussed in this article appear to provide an evidence base for the selection of chemistry monographs, but their application does not change circulation rates in a statistically significant way. Further research is needed to determine if this lack of statistical significance is real or a product of the organic development and application of these methods over time, making definitive comparisons difficult.

scholarly journals PENGEMASAN TARI GUEL DALAM BENTUK KARTU POS SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Suciati Simah Bengi ◽  
Yusnizar Heniwaty ◽  
Dilinar Adlin
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
Location Selection ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Editing Process ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract-This study discusses Guel dance learning media created in the form of postcards. Aims to be able to direct students in identifying, appreciating, and expressing dances of the Gayo area, especially Guel dance. Theories used in the research of packaging theory according to Cahyorini and Rusfian (2011: 28), theory of learning media according to Heinich in Susilana (2016: 06), and graphic media theory according to Susilana and Riyana (2016: 14) Packaging is a theory used for graphic design, in terms of producing the product, and the image media in the form of postcards used to make Guel dance material as a learning medium. The time of the study was conducted from August to October 2017. The research site was at Sanggar Renggali Jalan Merah Mege Hakim Bale Bujang Laut Tawar, Central Aceh District. The population of several artists Gayo and all members of Sanggar Renggali because learning Guel dance is a dance learning materials in schools in Takengon and Samples are 2 people Gayo artists and 2 dancers dance Guel. Data collection techniques include observation, interview, literature study, and documentation, and then analyzed by qualitative descriptive method. Based on research that has been done Guel dance is a tradition dance Gayo community that has been used as learning materials in the schools of Middle Secondary in Central Aceh district. Guel dance which is packed in the form of postcards as a medium of learning with menggunkana first step of planning is preparing the material, determining the location, selection of dancers, and prepare the facilities and infrastructure. The second step of implementation is taking photos, editing process, then the last step is the completion of postcards and final writing. And produces packaging of learning media of Guel dance that is in the form of postcard.  Keywords: Packaging, Guel Dance, Postcard Media

scholarly journals Kilburn High Road Revisited

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Capineri
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Street Life ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Road ◽  
Simple Narrative ◽  
Unique Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of

Drawing on John Agnew’s (1987) theoretical framework for the analysis of place (location, locale and sense of place) and on Doreen Massey’s (1991) interpretation of Kilburn High Road (London), the contribution develops an analysis of the notion of place in the case study of Kilburn High Road by comparing the semantics emerging from Doreen Massey’s interpretation of Kilburn High Road in the late Nineties with those from a selection of noisy and unstructured volunteered geographic information collected from Flickr photos and Tweets harvested in 2014–2015. The comparison shows how sense of place is dynamic and changing over time and explores Kilburn High Road through the categories of location, locale and sense of place derived from the qualitative analysis of VGI content and annotations. The contribution shows how VGI can contribute to discovering the unique relationship between people and place which takes the form given by Doreen Massey to Kilburn High Road and then moves on to the many forms given by people experiencing Kilburn High Road through a photo, a Tweet or a simple narrative. Finally, the paper suggests that the analysis of VGI content can contribute to detect the relevant features of street life, from infrastructure to citizens’ perceptions, which should be taken into account for a more human-centered approach in planning or service management.

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