Preparation and Application of Zinc Chloride-Modified Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) Pod Husk-Based Carbon for the Removal of Acid Dyes

2017 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Nur Aqilah Zainal ◽  
Shariff Ibrahim ◽  
Borhannuddin Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Acid Dyes ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husk

Cocoa pod husk, an agricultural waste was chemically modified using Zinc Chloride (ZnCl2) and used as an adsorbent for removal of acid dyes; (i) Acid Violet 17 (AV17) and (ii) Acid Yellow 36 (AY36) from aqueous solution. The raw (CPHC) and chemically modified cocoa pod husk carbon (ZCPHC) were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). The adsorption was performed on removing AV17 and AY36 from aqueous solution in batch adsorption system. The experimental data was simulated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The isotherm study revealed that the AV17 adsorption on ZCPHC matched well with the Langmuir model, whereas AY36 adsorption on ZCPHC fitted well with Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity determined from the Langmuir isotherm was 11.02 mg/g and 11.37 mg/g for AV17 and AY36 respectively at room temperature.

Adsorption of anionic dyes in aqueous solution using chemically modified barley straw

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1177-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shariff Ibrahim ◽  
Is Fatimah ◽  
Ha-Ming Ang ◽  
Shaobin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Isotherm Study ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
The Stability

An agricultural waste derived adsorbent was prepared by chemically modified barley straw with NaOH and a cationic surfactant hexadecylpyridinium chloride monohydrate (CPC). The prepared adsorbent, BMBS, was used for removal of anionic dyes; Acid Blue (AB40) and Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) from aqueous solution in a batch adsorption system. The adsorbent was characterized by FT-IR and elemental composition. The stability of CPC adsorbed on straw surface was also evaluated by exposing to aqueous solution. In adsorption tests, influence of operation parameters such as contact time, initial concentration and pH of solution on AB40 and RB4 uptake were investigated and discussed. The CPC was observed strongly attached to straw surface and removal percentage of AB40 and RB4 was increased with increasing in contact time. The adsorption of dyes on modified straw surface was favorable at high acidic condition and desorption was found relatively low upon exposing to the desorption agent (i.e water). Dynamic experiment revealed that the kinetic data fitted well to the pseudo-second-order model for both of the dyes. The isotherm study also indicated that RB4 and AB40 adsorption suited well with the Langmuir model, The maximum adsorption capacity determined from the Langmuir isotherm at 25°C was 51.95 mg g−1 and 31.5 for AB40 and RB4, respectively.

scholarly journals Phenol adsorption from wastewater using cashew nut shells as adsorbent

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 966
Author(s):  
Kartik Kulkarni ◽  
Varsha Sudheer ◽  
C R Girish
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Multilayer Adsorption ◽  
Phenol Adsorption ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

The potential of agricultural waste cashew nut shells as an adsorbent for removing phenol from wastewater is presented in this paper. The adsorbent was treated with 3M sulphuric acid in order to improve the properties. The experimental parameters such as adsorbent dosage, concentration and temperature were optimized with response surface methodology (RSM). The isotherm data were tested with different isotherm models and it obeyed Freundlich Isotherm showing the multilayer adsorption. The kinetic data satisfied pseudo-first order kinetic model. The maximum adsorption capacity was calculated to be 35.08 mg/g proving the capability of cashew nut shells for removing phenol from wastewater.  

scholarly journals Adsorption and Equilibrium Studies on the Removal of Methyl Red from Aqueous Solution Using White Potato Peel Powder

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 52-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad K. Enenebeaku ◽  
Nnaemeka J. Okorocha ◽  
Uchechi E. Enenebeaku ◽  
Ikechukwu C. Ukaga
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Methyl Red ◽  
Potato Peel ◽  
White Potato ◽  
Equilibrium Studies

The potential of white potato peel powder for the removal of methyl red (MR) dye from aqueous solution was investigated. The adsorbent was characterized by FTIR and SEM analysis. Batch adsorption studies were conducted and various parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and temperature were studied to observe their effects in the dye adsorption process. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of MR onto the adsorbent (WPPP) was found to be contact (80 mins), pH (2) and temperature (303K) for an initial MR dye concentration of 50mg/l and adsorbent dose of 1.0g. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data of the (MR) dye fitted best and well to the Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 30.48mg/g for the adsorption of MR. The kinetic data conforms to the pseudo – second order kinetic model.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Mn2+ from Aqueous Solution Using Manganese Oxide-Coated Hollow Polymethylmethacrylate Microspheres (MHPM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dhiraj Dutta ◽  
Jyoti Prasad Borah ◽  
Amrit Puzari
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Coated Sand

Results of investigation on adsorption of Mn2+ from aqueous solution by manganese oxide-coated hollow polymethylmethacrylate microspheres (MHPM) are reported here. This is the first report on Mn-coated hollow polymer as a substitute for widely used materials like green sand or MN-coated sand. Hollow polymethylmethacrylate (HPM) was prepared by using a literature procedure. Manganese oxide (MnO) was coated on the surface of HPM (MHPM) by using the electroless plating technique. The HPM and MHPM were characterized by using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Optical and scanning micrographs were used to monitor the surface properties of the coated layer which revealed the presence of MnO on the surface of HPM. TGA showed the presence of 4-5% of MnO in MHPM. Adsorption isotherm studies were carried out as a function of pH, initial ion concentration, and contact time, to determine the adsorption efficiency for removal of Mn2+ from contaminated water by the synthesized MHPM. The isotherm results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of MnO-coated HPM to remove manganese contaminants from water is 8.373 mg/g. The obtained R 2 values of Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm models were 1 and 0.87, respectively. Therefore, R 2 magnitude confirmed that the Langmuir model is best suited for Mn2+ adsorption by a monolayer of MHPM adsorbent. The material developed shows higher adsorption capacity even at a higher concentration of solute ions, which is not usually observed with similar materials of this kind. Overall findings indicate that MHPM is a very potential lightweight adsorbent for removal of Mn2+ from the aqueous solution because of its low density and high surface area.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Toluene and Paraxylene from Aqueous Solution Using Pure and Iron Oxide Impregnated Carbon Nanotubes: Kinetics and Isotherms Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamir Abbas ◽  
Basim Ahmed Abussaud ◽  
Ihsanullah ◽  
Nadhir A. H. Al-Baghli ◽  
Halim Hamid Redhwi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Analysis ◽  
Kinetics And Isotherms

Multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and iron oxide impregnated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-iron oxide) were investigated for the adsorption of hazardous toluene and paraxylene (p-xylene) from aqueous solution. Pure CNTs were impregnated with iron oxides nanoparticles using wet impregnation technique. Various characterization techniques including thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, elemental dispersion spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and nitrogen adsorption analysis were used to study the thermal degradation, surface morphology, purity, and surface area of the materials. Batch adsorption experiments show that iron oxide impregnated CNTs have higher degree of removal of p-xylene (i.e., 90%) compared with toluene (i.e., 70%), for soaking time 2 h, with pollutant initial concentration 100 ppm, at pH 6 and shaking speed of 200 rpm at 25°C. Pseudo-second-order model provides better fitting for the toluene and p-xylene adsorption. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models demonstrate good fitting for the adsorption data of toluene and p-xylene.

scholarly journals Utilization of Charred Water Hyacinth (Jalkumvi) as Biosorbent for Removal of Ca(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Arun Bhujel ◽  
Krishna Wagle ◽  
Bishow Regmi ◽  
Bibek Sapkota ◽  
Bhoj Raj Poudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorbent Surface ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Efficient Alternative

A promising adsorbent, charred water hyacinth (CWH) for the removal of Ca(II) from the aqueous solution was explored by heat treatment of water hyacinth followed by chemical activation with acidified zinc chloride (ZnCl2). The adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Batch adsorption techniques were conducted for Ca(II) adsorption to assess the adsorption isotherm, effect of pH, contact time, initial Ca(II) concentration, adsorbent doses, and adsorption kinetics. The SEM micrograph illustrates the rough and irregular surface morphology and EDX spectra confirm the successful adsorption of Ca(II) on the adsorbent surface. The equilibrium adsorption data better fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model having a maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 319.75 mg/g. The highest percentage of adsorption was found at pH 1.5. The adsorption of Ca(II) by CWH decreased at the higher metal concentration and lower adsorbent doses. The adsorption of Ca(II) ions onto CWH followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. . Overall, these results suggested that the as-prepared CWH can be used as an eco-friendly, economical and efficient alternative for the removal of Ca(II)  from the aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Development of Natural Cation Exchanger for the Treatment of Lead ions from Aqueous Solution

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Puspa Lal Homagai
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Fast Kinetics ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin are the main constituents found in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse having many surface active sites containing hydroxyl and/or phenolic groups which are effective for chemical modification. The biowaste was first charred with concentrated sulphuric acid and then the charred aminated sugarcane bagasse (CASB) was prepared by reduction followed by oxidation. The developed bio-sorbent was characterized by SEM, TGA/DTA, FTIR and elemental analysis. Batch adsorption methods were carried out to determine Pb+2 sorption capacities at different pH ranges and sorbate concentrations. The maximum adsorption capacity for Pb+2 was found to be 323 mg g-1 with an efficiency of 98% at pH 4.The experimental data showed a good fit to Langmuir isotherm as compared to Freundlich isotherm models. The kinetics was best fitted with the pseudo-second order model. The adsorption equilibrium was attained within 20 min. The high adsorption capacity and fast kinetics results of the charred aminated sugarcane bagasse indicated that it might be potential adsorbent for the removal of lead from contaminated water. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v29i0.9235Journal of Nepal Chemical SocietyVol. 29, 2012Page: 34-43Uploaded date : 12/3/2013

scholarly journals Effective Remediation of Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution by Chemically Carbonized Rubber Wood Sawdust: Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Thermodynamic Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarup Biswas ◽  
Umesh Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ph Effect ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Rubber Wood ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Rubber wood sawdust was carbonized into charcoal by chemical treatment which was used for removal of lead ion from aqueous solution. The work involves batch experiments to investigate the pH effect, initial concentration of adsorbate, contact time, and adsorbent dose. Experimental data confirmed that the adsorption capacities increased with increasing inlet concentration and bed height and decreased with increasing flow rate. Adsorption results showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 37 mg/g at 308 K. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin model adsorption isotherm models were applied to analyze the process where Temkin was found as a best fitted model for present study. Simultaneously kinetics of adsorption like pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models were investigated. Thermodynamic parameters were used to analyze the adsorption experiment. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the batch adsorption of lead ion onto chemically carbonized rubber wood sawdust.

Parametric and adsorption kinetic studies of methylene blue removal from simulated textile water using durian (Durio zibethinus murray) skin

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 896-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Anisuzzaman ◽  
Collin G. Joseph ◽  
D. Krishnaiah ◽  
A. Bono ◽  
L. C. Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Durio Zibethinus

In this study, durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) skin was examined for its ability to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from simulated textile wastewater. Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of MB removal from aqueous solutions at different parametric conditions such as different initial concentrations (2–10 mg/L), biosorbent dosages (0.3–0.7 g) and pH solution (4–9) onto durian skin were studied using batch adsorption. The amount of MB adsorbed increased from 3.45 to 17.31 mg/g with the increase in initial concentration of MB dye; whereas biosorbent dosage increased from 1.08 to 2.47 mg/g. Maximum dye adsorption capacity of the durian skin was found to increase from 3.78 to 6.40 mg/g, with increasing solution pH. Equilibrium isotherm data were analyzed according to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The sorption equilibrium was best described by the Freundlich isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 7.23 mg/g and this was due to the heterogeneous nature of the durian skin surface. Kinetic studies indicated that the sorption of MB dye tended to follow the pseudo second-order kinetic model with promising correlation of 0.9836 < R2 < 0.9918.

The Adsorption of Cd(II) Ions on Sodium Hydroxide-Treated Bamboo Powder

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Kai Luo ◽  
Xue Gang Luo ◽  
Xiao Yan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Bamboo Powder ◽  
System Characteristics

The adsorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution by sodium hydroxide-treated bamboo powder（STB） was studied in a batch adsorption system. Characteristics of STB were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Factors influencing adsorption such as pH of the solution, adsorbent dosage, cadmium concentration and temperature have been studied. The adsorption process was relatively fast and equilibrium was achieved after 120 min, and the maximum adsorption of Cd(II) ions occurred at around pH 6.5. The equilibrium data were fitted using Langmuir, Temkin and Freundlich isotherm models to calculate isotherm constants. And the adsorption isotherm fitted well Langmuir isotherm, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 8.987 mg/g.

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