scholarly journals Knowledge and Practice Regarding Breastfeeding among Primipara Mothers of Obstetrics Ward, Birganj, Nepal

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Yumkhaibam Renubala Devi ◽  
Rajwant Kaur Randhawa ◽  
Priyanka Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Structure Interview ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Semi Structure Interview ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Species Specific

Breastfeeding is an ideal form of feeding to neonate. It is most precious gift a mother can give and is free of cost. It should be started as soon as possible after birth. Breast milk is a species-specific complete food. Human milk facilitates effortless digestion for infant and is well absorbed by the newborn. It helps in stimulating the production of breast milk, protect against infection and facilitate mother infant bonding and promotes better brain growth. For mothers breastfeeding helps in involution of uterus, delays pregnancy and lower risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Every year around 57,000 children below 5 years of age lose their lives, among which 54 percent die within the first month of life. The data stated that 22 percent of newborn death can be prevented through breastfeeding within 1st hour of birth. Mother play a very important roles in reducing neonatal mortality and neonatal morbidity rate by their knowledge and practice while feeding their baby. Method: Descriptive correlation study design was conducted in the month of August 2021 National Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Birganj, Nepal. Sample size was 50 primi para mothers. Purposive sampling techniques was used to select the sample. Semi structure interview schedule and observation checklist was prepared according to objectives which comprised questions related to demographic variables, Knowledge to assess breastfeeding and observational checklist to assess practice Data was collected by administering this structured questionnaire to the primipara mothers. Result: In the study 31 (62.0%) had adequate, 19 (38.0%) had moderate and none of them had inadequate knowledge regarding breastfeeding. 23 (46.0 had good, 27 (54.0%) had satisfactory and none of them had poor practice on breastfeeding. The results show that there was moderate degree positive correlation between knowledge and practice. Key words: Knowledge, practice, breastfeeding and primipara mothers.

Keperluan SOP Khusus untuk Tahanan dan Penyiasatan Individu Autisme

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Zuliza Mohd Kusrin ◽  
Wafaa’ Yusof ◽  
Zuraini Yaakub
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Structure Interview ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
Standard Operation ◽  
Operation Procedure ◽  
Semi Structure Interview ◽  
Gathering Data

Autism is one group of neurological disorder that affects one’s communication skills, social interaction and repetitive and stereotype behavior. Due to their behavior, they tend to have obsessive interest, no empathy and moral reasoning. Previous cases in Western countries show that some of them are also involved with serious criminal offences such as killing, arson, random shooting, cybercrime and sexual offences. In Malaysia, increasing amount of autism with the ratio of 1 to 68 of normal or mentally sound individual resulted in the necessity to address specific legal rights of autism who may involve in criminal. Meanwhile, the standard operation procedure (SOP) used during detention and interrogation procedure of mentally sound individual is also applied towards any suspect including individual with autism. The enforcement of the SOP eventually lead to arises of various problems, reaction and question from the aspect of the validity of the action and legal rights of autism. The objective of the study is to analyze the character of autism that tends to criminal’s behavior and the need to create specific SOP for detention and interrogation of individual with autism. The research framework is content analysis. The method of gathering data is semi-structure interview with police, senior counselor and psychiatrist in the field of autism as well as teachers of special education programmed. The implication of the discussion discovers the need to have specific SOP of detention and interrogation for individual with autism in order to guarantee criminal legal rights of individual with autism.  ABSTRAK  Autisme adalah satu kumpulan dalam kecelaruan neuorologi yang memberi kesan terhadap kemahiran berkomunikasi, interaksi sosial dan tingkah laku yang berulang-ulang. Tingkah laku mereka menyebabkan mereka obsesi terhadap sesuatu minat, kurangnya empati dan moral reasoning. Kes lalu di negara Barat membuktikan mereka terlibat dengan jenayah serius seperti membunuh, membakar bangunan, melepaskan tembakan secara rambang kesalahan siber dan kesalahan seksual. Di Malaysia, berlaku peningkatan bilangan autisme pada tahun 2018 dengan anggaran 1 nisbah 68 individu normal menyebabkan adanya keperluan khusus untuk mengkaji hak undang-undang mereka jika individu autisme juga mungkin terlibat dalam aktiviti salah laku jenayah. Prosedur operasi standard (SOP) dalam tangkapan, penahanan dan soal siasat individu tipikal setakat ini digunapakai terhadap golongan autisme yang terlibat dalam jenayah. Penguatkuasaan dan pelaksanaan SOP ini akhirnya menimbulkan pelbagai masalah, reaksi dan persoalan dari sudut kesahihan tindakan dan hak golongan autisme yang terlibat. Objektif kajian adalah mengkaji perilaku autisme yang cenderung kepada perlakuan jenayah dan keperluan mewujudkan SOP khusus untuk tahanan, penangkapan dan soal siasat individu autisme. Reka bentuk kajian adalah analisis kandungan. Kaedah pengumpulan data adalah temu bual separa berstruktur bersama pihak polis dan senior kaunselor dan psikiatri dalam bidang autism dan guru-guru pendidikan khas. Implikasi perbincangan mendapati perlu diwujudkan SOP tangkapan, penahanan dan soal siasat khusus untuk autisme bagi kegunaan pihak berkuasa seperti pegawai polis dan mahkamah untuk menjamin hak keadilan undang-undang jenayah individu autisme.  

scholarly journals Dispensing of antibiotics in community pharmacy in Iraq: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2095
Author(s):  
Akram Alkadhimi ◽  
Omar T. Dawood ◽  
Mohamed A. Hassali
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Structure Interview ◽  
Semi Structure Interview ◽  
Antibiotics Use

Objective: This study aimed to understand the dispensing practice of antibiotics in community pharmacy in Iraq, in addition to explore the community pharmacists' perception about dispensing antibiotics without prescription. Methods: A qualitative design was conducted on community pharmacists in Baghdad, Iraq. Pharmacists were selected conveniently from different gender, age group, pharmacy type and years of experience. Face-to-face semi-structure interview was used with all the pharmacists to get in-depth understanding about their dispensing practice of antibiotics without prescription in community pharmacy. The data was coded and classified for thematic analysis. Results: This study found that dispensing of antibiotics without prescription was a common practice in community pharmacy. Pharmacists' perception towards dispensing antibiotics without prescription was associated with the medical condition, safety and efficacy of antibiotics, patients request antibiotics by name, emergency cases, regular customer, promotions from pharmaceutical companies, saving time and cost, brand medications, and poor healthcare services. In addition, there were inadequate knowledge about antibiotic resistance and lack of awareness about antibiotic stewardship leading to inappropriate dispensing practice. Conclusions: Community pharmacists have poor perception towards dispensing antibiotics without prescription. Educational interventions about antibiotics use focusing on community pharmacists are needed. This will help to optimize the practice of dispensing of antibiotics in the community. In addition, training programs about antibiotic resistance are important to enhance pharmacists' understanding about antibiotic stewardship.

scholarly journals Exploring the utilization of technology in teaching English: Practices and impediments

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 153-168
Author(s):  
Renu Singh
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Structure Interview ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Time Constraint ◽  
Pedagogical Strategies ◽  
Technology Tools ◽  
Utilization Of Technology ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Semi Structure Interview ◽  
Ict Infrastructure

The utilisation of technology into classroom practices basically promotes studentcentered instructions that require teachers to be professionally well trained and confident enough to use various technology tools and resources. This study was conducted to explore secondary school EFL teachers’ experiences and practices of modern technology usage into their classroom pedagogy and possible impediments of utilizing technology tools. Eight EFL teachers were purposefully selected from public secondary schools of the Kathmandu valley. A semi-structure interview was administered to collect the required data. The thematic data analysis revealed that the EFL teachers employed different pedagogical strategies for the effective integration of technology; however, some impediments were identified such as insufficient professional ICT skills and knowledge of EFL teachers, inadequate ICT infrastructure at school, teachers’ workload and time constraint, and digital device among students. This study suggests that EFL teachers need professional development trainings particularly designed on the TPACK framework, adequate ICT infrastructure at school, revised teachers’ workload and time constraint, and supportive school environment to promote technology utilization into EFL pedagogy.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practice on Breastfeeding among Mothers of Infant

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulashi Adhikari ◽  
Ishwar Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Prelacteal Feeding ◽  
Explorative Study ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This descriptive explorative study was carried out with the aim of finding out the current status on breastfeeding among mothers of infants in Kanti Children Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu. A total of 100 mothers attending maternal and child health (MCH) Clinic of Kanti Children’s hospital were selected on the first come first basis. A semi- structured questionnaire was used to collect data that assess the knowledge and actual practices of mothers regarding breastfeeding. The study finding revealed that 52% responded has correct meaning of exclusive breastfeeding. Regarding the initiation of breastfeeding only 41% respondents fed their babies correctly within 1 hour. Twenty six percent of them had given Prelacteal feeding from 52.6% of mothers from rural and 20.8% mothers from urban area. Only 12% of respondents had knowledge about expressing breast milk (EBM) and among them only 8.3% practiced it. Regarding the duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), 34% respondents had given EBF up to 6 months, 26% had given prelacteal feed and 26% respondents did not practice EBF from 1st day of life. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfstn.v8i0.11754 J. Food Sci. Technol. Nepal, Vol. 8 (71-74), 2013

scholarly journals Factors impacting the intention to participate in student exchange program

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Lê Hữu Tuấn Anh ◽  
Hoàng Thị Mai Khánh ◽  
Nguyễn Hoàng Hải ◽  
Mai Thị Thu Ngân ◽  
Võ Thị Sương ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Interview ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Exchange Programs ◽  
Exchange Program ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
Academic Exchange ◽  
Intention To Participate ◽  
Semi Structure Interview ◽  
Keywords Education

Ngày nay, học tập tại nước ngoài được xem là một cơ hội lớn đối với sinh viên để nâng cao kiến thức, trải nghiệm của chính bản thân trong tương lai. Đặc biệt, hình thức học tập thông qua các chương trình trao đổi văn hóa, học thuật tại nước ngoài đã và đang trở thành xu hướng phổ biến. Hình thức này tuy có những điểm chung so với việc du học dài hạn của sinh viên, nhưng ngoài ra những ưu điểm riêng của nó, cũng giúp hình thức này nhận được nhiều sự quan tâm của các bạn sinh viên.  Nghiên cứu này được nhóm tác giả thực hiện nhằm xác định các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến quyết định tham gia chương trình trao đổi quốc tế (TĐQT) của sinh viên Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện theo phương pháp hỗn hợp, bao gồm nghiên cứu định tính (phỏng vấn chuyên gia) và nghiên cứu định lượng (khảo sát thông qua bảng hỏi), tiến hành trên 505 đối tượng trong thời gian từ tháng 11/2019 đến tháng 02/2020. Từ 8 nhân tố được kế thừa từ nghiên cứu trước và thông qua nghiên cứu định tính, kết quả phân tích định lượng chỉ ra 7 nhân tố có tác động trực tiếp lên quyết định tham gia các chương trình TĐQT của sinh viên. Từ đó, nghiên cứu đem lại những giải pháp cho sinh viên, các trường tổ chức liên kết và các phòng ban chuyên môn có thể xây dựng, đặt ra các mục tiêu phù hợp nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả của các chương trình TĐQT tại Việt Nam.   Từ khóa: Giáo dục, Trao đổi quốc tế, ý định tham gia, thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Sinh viên In this day and age, studying abroad acts as an golden opportunity for students to expand their perspectives, and to gain priceless experience, which can facilitate their career path in the future. Moreover, international learning and knowledge propels students towards acceptance and understanding of an array of different cultural and community perspectives. Especially, a type of studying overseas called cultural and academic exchange programs has been becoming a popular trend. Although it shares a multitude of similarities with a long-term studying abroad programs, it has its own distinctive features which have been receiving a great deal of students’ attentions. This can be strong evidence that more and more students all around the world are participating in these programs every year. In terms of technical side, this research aims to identify factors having impacts on Vietnamese students’ decisions in participating in exchange programs. In specific, mixed methods are employed in the research, through qualitative methods (semi-structure interview) and quantitative method (survey), with 505 participants involving from November 2019 to February 2020. Based on literature review and qualitative analysis, a framework of 8 factors is proposed. Through quantitative analysis of survey questionnaire’s results, the research continues indicating a total of 7 factors that directly have influence on students’ decisions in taking part in exchange programs. Furthermore, the research provides several suggestions and objectives for individuals and organizations, which get involved in those exchange programs namely students, universities and educational institutions. Ultimately, the research is up for making a contribution to enhancing the effectiveness of exchange programs in Vietnam with a purpose that more Vietnamese students regardless of their backgrounds, can potentially have enough necessary qualities and satisfying the necessary conditions to carry on their studying abroad.     Keywords: Education, International exchange, Intention to participate, Ho Chi Minh City, Alumnus

scholarly journals Footwear Design Strategies for Thai Footwear Industry to Be Excellence in World Market

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adul Adulyanukosol ◽  
Thanin Silpcharu
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
World Market ◽  
Structure Interview ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Footwear Industry ◽  
Semi Structure Interview ◽  
Footwear Design

The potential of Thai industrial product design is still inferior to those of leading competitors in world market that give more importance on the design during their product development to increase their competitive edges on commercial scale. The product design is very important part for sustainable growth in this industry. Thus, this research aims at investigating footwear design strategies for Thai footwear industry to be excellence in world market. The research has been designed with the mixed method of both qualitative and quantitative study. The quantitative data were collected through semi-structure interview from 500 designers who presented their designs to join the award competition. The results revealed that the footwear design strategies consisted of 4 factors, i.e. 1) design, 2) market analysis, 3) innovation, and 4) information technology. This paper utilizes the method of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to establish a strategies model for competitive advantage in Thai footwear industry. The analysis results indicated that the footwear design strategies model could help make more effective policies and organization strategies for enterprises and designers to develop themselves to be excellence in world market.

scholarly journals Study on knowledge and practice of nursing mother regarding exclusive breast feeding irrespective of socio-demographic characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Nadia Begum ◽  
Monowar Ahmad Tarafdar ◽  
Saizuddin Kabir ◽  
Shila Rani Das ◽  
Sultana Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Nursing Mother ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

This descriptive type of cross- sectional study was conducted in Dhamrai, Dhaka among nursing mother with a sample size 120 using semi-structured questionnaire to determine the knowledge and practice regarding exclusive breast feeding irrespective of socio-demographic characteristics from January 2018 to February 2018 employing purposive sampling method. The percentage of mother-infant pair were highest within 20-30 years (65%) of age group. About 13.33% of mothers were illiterate, 33.33% had primary level and only 2.50% completed graduation; more than half (56.67%) of the mothers were housewives. It was revealed that 55.83% of the respondents had knowledge of exclusive breast feeding, however 42.50% of them gave only breast milk up to 6 months. The initiation of breast feeding within 1 hour was 47.50%, 32.50% within 1-2 hours. 8.83% after 2 hours, 9.16% of the respondents did not remember about the exact time and 2.50% did not breast fed their babies, the reason of not feeding breast milk was insufficient milk secretion. Premature complementary feeding was associated with an increased occurrence of vomiting (47.50%), diarrhea (59.16%), dyspnea (19.16%) but 55% of the respondents did not mentioned specific condition. One of the ten steps to successful breastfeeding is initiating breastfeeding within the first hour of delivery, the major barrier to achieving the recommendations of the Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding.

scholarly journals FROM WORKER TO BUSINESS OWNER: UNDERSTANDING CHALLENGES FACING SMALL BUSINESS AMIDST COVID-19 OUTBREAKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Nana Trianasari
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Structure Interview ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Business Owner ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Semi Structure Interview ◽  
Almost All

TThe Covid-19 pandemic has caused the unprecedented impacts to almost all aspects of human live globally. Travelling and tourism activities are among the most devastating sectors. Being one of the worldly known tourist destinations where over 80% of the local people rely on the tourism sector, Bali is particular case during this Covid-1 outbreak. People who work in the tourism field has been pushed to transform their job in order to survive. Addressing the research gaps, this paper reports the findings of a study that aimed to explore the challenges among hotel/tourism workers in Bali in running small business amidst Covid-19 pandemic. Data were collected from 16 participants using semi structure interview and were analyzed using a qualitative approach. The study revealed four categories representing the challenges of business owner which are lack of management skills, insufficient funding and facilities; lack of creativity and innovation; and lack of experiences. Further discussion, implication, limitation and future research direction are presented.Keywords :Covid-19, Challenges, Entrepreneurship, Small Scale Business, Resilience

scholarly journals Pemetaan Kendala dalam Aplikasi Ekonomi Kreatif di Kota Bengkalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Tri Handayani ◽  
Supriati Supriati
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Structure Interview ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Semi Structure Interview ◽  
The City

The phenomenon that occurs shows how potential Bengkalis city in terms of geographical aspects as a city that is very close to neighboring countries but from the aspect of creative economic development has not increased. This study aims to map the constraints of the creative economy industry in Bengkalis City and provide recommendations in order to improve and condition the creative economy better. The study was conducted in the city of Bengkalis by conducting a semi-structure interview with 50 respondents in order to explore the constraints faced by creative economic business actors from Administrative, Technical, Operational, and Managerial (ATOM) aspects. The results of the Technical, Operational and Managerial aspects are the majority of constraints felt by creative economy business actors. There must be a breakthrough effort that must be done by the local government, and synergy with the central government and educational institutions. Keywords: creative economic, administrative, technical, operasional, mangerial

scholarly journals Ethnobotany of Plants in Tagkawayan: Input for Information Communication Media on Medicinal Uses of Plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherry C. Favor
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Structure Interview ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Dipterocarp Forests ◽  
Semi Structure Interview

In the Philippine countryside, where barrio folks are closely entwined with their natural environment, their close contact especially to the adjoin dipterocarp forests makes them more knowledgeable on the different uses of plants. This study focuses on the exploration of the traditional knowledge of plants more specifically on its medicinal uses. An enhanced and adapted semi structure interview guide was employed and a qualitative approach was incorporated in data gathering. The study recorded a total of 136 plant species of which 52% (81 species) were of medicinal uses, the foremost plant part used were the leaves (58%), route of administration was internal application (67%) and the most commonly method of preparation is boiling (58%). The dosage frequently given was 3x a day. Results showed a rich diversity of plant species in Tagkawayan and the barrio folks are knowledgeable on the traditional uses of plants, but this knowledge were not yet explored because these are trapped among older generation that are transferred through verbal means. Development of a reading material will be of great help for preservation and information dissemination of these beneficial uses of plants.  The use of leaves is an indication that the biodiversity in the place is ensured and continued reliance on the use of herbal plant showed that plants could be a better alternative for synthetic drugs in treatment of common diseases.

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