scholarly journals PREVALÊNCIA DE Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp. e Trichomonas vaginalis EM EXAMES CITOPATOLÓGICOS DE GESTANTES ATENDIDAS NO HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO DE SANTA MARIA-RS

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Gabriela Bonfanti ◽  
Thissiane De Lima Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Microbiological Agents ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

Introdução: Durante a gestação podem ocorrer distúrbios no mecanismo fisiológico do trato genital, composto por Lactobacillus spp., resultando em processos infecciosos determinados por agentes bacterianos. Tais infecções podem levar a doença pélvica inflamatória, parto prematuro e infecção fetal, sendo que o exame de Papanicolaou pode sugerir a presença desses agentes infecciosos. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência dos agentes microbiológicos encontrados no Papanicolaou de gestantes atendidas no HUSM. Métodos: Foi realizado um levantamento do arquivo dos laudos citológicos do Laboratório do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM) no período de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2008, das gestantes que realizaram o exame citopatológico durante o pré-natal. Resultados: Foram analisados 1344 laudos e observou-se que 59,82% das pacientes apresentaram flora bacteriana normal, ou seja, composta porLactobacillus spp. O total de floras alteradas foi de 40,17%. Dessas, 38,24% apresentaram Gardnerella vaginalis, 33,75% Candida spp., 5,92% Trichomonas vaginalis, 21,54% flora mista (cocos e outros bacilos) e 0,54% outros microorganismos como Leptothrix vaginalis e Fuseobacterium spp. Conclusão: Essas infecções estão associadas à complicações na gestação e nossos resultados mostraram uma alta prevalência de agentes patogênicos nas pacientes, confirmando a importância do acompanhamento pré-natal das gestantes para o diagnóstico e tratamento adequado dessas possíveis infecções.Descritores: gestantes, exame citopatológico, agentes microbiológicos.  Introduction: During pregnancy may occur disorders in the physiological mechanism of genital tract, consisting ofLactobacillus spp., resulting in infectious processes determined by bacterial agents. These infections can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, preterm delivery and fetal infection. The Pap Smear test may suggest the presence of these infectious agents. Objective: To determinate the prevalence of microbiological agents found in the Pap smear test of pregnant women attending in HUSM. Methods: It was made survey of the file of the cytological laboratory of the Hospital Universitario de Santa Maria (HUSM) from January 2005 to December 2008, belonging to women, who underwent the examination of cytopathologic during prenatal care. Results: 1344 reports were analyzed and indicated that 59.82% of patients showed normal bacterial flora, which is composed of Lactobacillus spp. The total flora switched was 40.17%. Of these, 38.24% had Gardnerella vaginalis, 33.75% Candida spp., 5.92% Trichomonas vaginalis, 21.54% mixed flora (bacilli and cocci) and 0.54% other microorganisms such as Leptothrix vaginalis and Fuseobacteriumspp. Conclusion: The microbial infections are associated with complications during pregnancy, our results showed a high prevalence of pathogens in patients, confirming the importance of prenatal care of pregnant women for diagnosis and proper treatment of possible infections.Descriptors: pregnant women, cervical screening, microbiological agents.  

scholarly journals Agents causing genital infections in routine cytological tests: frequency and characteristics of Papanicolaou smears

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Carvalho ◽  
N. K. A. Porto ◽  
P. V. M. Azevedo ◽  
P. K. A. Magalhães ◽  
E. N. de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Genital Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Urinary tract infections are responsible for most human infections, these are caused by bacteria, fungi, protozoa and associated microorganisms. The goal of this study was to determine the rate of vaginal infection-causing agents in routine cytological exams and also to evaluate the characteristics of positive tested Pap smears. A retrospective documental with descriptive aspect research was performed in a Clinical Pathology laboratory from Maceió-AL. The results of the Pap smears exams for Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp and HPV were arranged in a database as well as other data such as bacterial, protozoan, fungal and viral coinfections. The sample was composed by 18.645 women who have undergone Pap smear exams from 2013 to 2017. Of these analyzed exams, 27.4% in 2013, 10.9% in 2014, 10.6% in 2015, 15.2% in 2016 and 13.67% in 2017 were within normal range, however more than half of these exams presented some infections caused by unspecific or microbiological agents. By analyzing all the reports, 4.073 (21.84%) presented inflammations caused by some species of infectious agent with the following rate order: G. vaginalis and T. vaginalis. Furthermore, it was possible to confirm high rates of coinfection by and Candida spp. The rate of genital infections in this study highlights that there is a public health matter that must be controlled, which points a greater need for monitoring, guidance and actions towards greater awareness in order to prevent these problems.

Identificación de microorganismos asociados a erosión de cérvix en la Facultad de Medicina de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Sánchez Hernández ◽  
Iván Meléndez García ◽  
Guillermo Muñoz Zurita
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
En 31 ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
De Medicina

<p><strong>Objetivo: </strong>identificar el tipo de microorganismos que se encuentran asociados a erosión de cérvix. <strong>Métodos:</strong> se revisaron las citologías exfoliativas cérvico-vaginales de pacientes que acudieron al Laboratorio de Biología Celular de la Facultad de Medicina de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (fmbuap), de 2007 a 2016. <strong>Resultados:</strong> de 1 260 citologías exfoliativas que se observaron, 254 (20.15%) cumplieron los criterios de inclusión al presentar erosión cervical. Al observar al microscopio los 254 exudados se registraron en 223 pacientes (87.79%) los siguientes hallazgos: 186 muestras (73.22%) revelaron la presencia de flora cocoide; 27 pacientes (10.62%) <em>Lactobacillus spp</em>, cinco (1.90%) presentaron <em>Candida spp</em>, tres laminillas (1.18%) con <em>Gardnerella vaginalis</em> (células clue) y en dos citologías (0.78%) se reportó <em>Trichomonas vaginalis</em>. En 31 muestras (12.20%) no se reveló la presencia de microorganismos. <strong>Conclusión:</strong> se identificaron los siguientes microorganismos asociados a erosión del cérvix: flora cocoide en exceso, <em>Candida spp</em>, <em>G. vaginalis</em> y <em>T. vaginalis</em>.</p>

scholarly journals Detection of Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp. and Trichomonas vaginalis DNA in symptomatic women

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Focarelli ◽  
Vincenzo Rondinelli ◽  
Maria Gabriella Lepore ◽  
Pasquale Minchella ◽  
Raffaele Saraceno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Candida Spp

scholarly journals Bacterial vaginosis: epidemiologic, clinical and diagnostic updates

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Dirani ◽  
Silvia Zannoli ◽  
Maria Federica Pedna ◽  
Francesco Congestrì ◽  
Patrizia Farabegoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Fluid ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Atopobium Vaginae

Background and aims. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one the more frequently identified genital syndrome among childbearing aged women. The basic condition that generates this condition is a modification in the vaginal microbiota. The aim of this paper is to briefly review the current status of the art of BV and to report the results of a pilot study performed with an innovative PCR based technique. Materials and Methods. 36 samples of vaginal fluid routinely submitted for the diagnosis of BV to the Unit of Microbiology – GRHL were comparatively evaluated by standard techniques and with the HP-Vaginiti e Vaginosi NLM kit that simultaneously detects in a quantitative way specific DNA from Candida (albicans, glabrata; krusei, tropicalis), Gardnerella vaginalis, Lactobacillus spp. and Atopobium vaginae. Results and conclusions. Candida spp. has been identified in 8 samples with culture and in 15 with the molecular test. 29 G. vaginalis were found by PCR whereas only in 7 samples a specific prescription for this microbe was present (of which 4 positive). A. vaginae has been identified in 20 samples by the molecular approach and Lactobacillus spp. was identified in 19 samples (by culture) and in 32 by PCR. The overall diagnosis of BV was made in 9 patients by standard techniques and in 7 by applying the molecular approach. (Cohen’s kappa test: 0,84). The findings of this study clearly demonstrate that the joint use of the routine culture- based techniques with the multiplex PCR methods amplifies by far the sensitivity of the overall diagnostic workflow of BV.

Women’s pathway in prenatal care at public sceneries

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1384
Author(s):  
Izabel Cristina Hoffmann ◽  
Lúcia Beatriz Ressel ◽  
Maria De Lourdes Denardin Budó
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Organizational Strategies ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Reference Services ◽  
Specialized Service ◽  
Care Assistance ◽  
La Red ◽  
Collective Construction ◽  
Santa Maria

ABSTRACT Objective: to know how the pathway of women in prenatal period is contextualized, and, how this is perceived by these women. Methodology: this is about a descriptive study from qualitative approach, approved by the Research Ethics Committee from the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/RS under protocol number 23081.001043/2008-11. Fifteen pregnant women participated in the study. The data collection was performed through interviews and systematic observation which thematic analysis, from April to July/2008. Results: the pregnant women are being redirected by the specialized service without the formal counter-reference; the information in-between services are based on the women oral reports, as well as the precarious communication between the involved professionals; the pregnant women are used to move institutionally, hoping, firstly, to give birth to a healthy baby and, in the second place, to care of their own health. Conclusion: there is a noticeable fragility in the information network between reference and counter-reference services. Therefore, we can infer that there are challenges and obstacles to achieve changes in prenatal care, indicating the need of a collective construction in the search of new organizational strategies in a humanizing perspective. Descriptors: prenatal care; assistance humanization; health services; pregnant women; nursing.RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer como se contextualiza o percurso das mulheres no pré-natal, e qual a percepção das mesmas. Metodologia: pesquisa de campo, descritiva, qualitativa, aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/RS sob número de protocolo 23081.001043/2008-11. Participaram 15 gestantes. A coleta de dados foi por entrevista e observação sistemática com análise temática, de abril a julho/2008. Resultados: as gestantes têm sido reencaminhadas pelo serviço especializado sem contra-referência formal; as informações entre os serviços ocorrem baseadas nos relatos das mulheres, bem como precária comunicação entre os profissionais; as gestantes movimentaram-se institucionalmente, na expectativa de formar um bebê saudável prioritariamente e, em segundo plano, cuidarem de sua saúde. Conclusão: há fragilidade na rede de informações entre os serviços de referência e contrarreferência. Disso depreende-se que desafios e obstáculos existem para a mudança de paradigma na atenção pré-natal, indicando a necessidade de construção coletiva na busca de estratégias organizativas na perspectiva humanizadora. Descritores: cuidado pré-natal; humanização da assistência; serviços de saúde; gestantes; enfermagem.RESUMENObjetivo: conocer como se contextualiza el recorrido de las señoras en el pre natal, y como eso es percibido por ellas. Metodologia: investigación realizada en el local, descriptiva, cualitativa, aprobada por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/RS con número de protocolo (23081.001043/2008-11. Participaron 15 embarazadas. La recolección de datos fue por entrevista y observación sistemática, con análisis temático, de abril a julio/2008. Resultados: las embarazadas han sido llevadas por el servicio especializado, sin ninguna formalidad; las informaciones entre los servicios ocurren embasadas en las relatorías de las señoras, bien como una precaria comunicación entre los profesionales; las embarazadas están acostumbradas a desplazarse institucionalmente, en la expectativa de formar un bebé saludable en principio y, en segundo plano, para cuidar de su propia salud. Conclusión: hay una fragilidad en la red de informaciones entre los servicios de referencia y contra referencia. De ese se puede deducir que los desafíos y obstáculos existen para los cambios de paradigma en el atendimiento pre natal, indicando la necesidad de una construcción colectiva en la búsqueda de estrategias organizativas en la perspectiva humanizadora. Descriptores: cuidados pre natales; humanización de la asistencia; servicios de salud; mujeres embarazadas; enfermería.   

scholarly journals Microbiota of fetal membranes in intact amniotic sac and full-term pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
M.A. Kaganova ◽  
◽  
N.V Spiridonova ◽  
E.A. Makhlina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Candida Spp

Aim of research. To study the microbial landscape of intact fetal membranes in full-term pregnancy. Materials and methods. In 19 pregnant women (mean age — 31.0 ± 5.3 years, mean gestational age — 39.3 ± 0.65 weeks) with intact fetal membranes, the fetal membrane tissue was collected during elective cesarean section to detect by polymerase chain reaction the following microorganisms: Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gardnerella vaginalis/Prevotella bivia/Porphyromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Sneathia spp./Leptotrihia spp./ Fusobacterium spp., Megasphaera spp./Veillonella spp./ Dialister spp., Lachnobacterium spp./Clostridium spp., Mobiluncus spp./Corynebacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Atopobium vaginae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum + parvum), Candida spp., Mycoplasma genitalium. Results. Sterile membranes were found in 5 pregnant women (26.3%), in the remaining cases, the total bacterial load (TBL) was 104.5 (103.5–105.8) genome equivalents (GE) per sample. Representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family prevailed — 104.5 GE per sample on average, only in one case Candida spp. were detected. In 42.1% of cases, when determining TBL, specific types of microorganisms were not identified. Conclusion. On the fetal membranes in full-term pregnancy, the average TBL corresponding to 104.5 (103.5–105.8) GE per sample, in which Enterobacteriaceae prevail in the amount of 104.5 GE per sample on average, is acceptable.

scholarly journals Análise dos resultados do último laudo citopatológico de pacientes com Papanicolaou em atraso

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathanael De Souza Maciel ◽  
Francisco Jardsom Moura Luzia ◽  
Diego Da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Maria Charlianne de Lima Pereira Silva ◽  
Davide Carlos Joaquim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Pap Tests ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Infecciones De Transmisión Sexual

Objetivo: Analisar os resultados do último laudo citopatológico de pacientes com o exame Papanicolaou em atraso. Metodologia: Estudo documental, retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado no município de Redenção–CE. Foram explorados 660 prontuários de mulheres com idade entre 25 e 64 anos. Para análise foram utilizadas medidas de tendência central e frequências absolutas e relativas. Resultados: O número de mulheres que nunca haviam realizado o exame Papanicolaou foi de 44,7% e as que haviam realizado, mas estavam em atraso, foi de 55,3%. A presença de células metaplásicas foi menos frequente (38,6%). Entre agentes infecciosos, houve prevalência dos resultados sugestivos de Gardnerella vaginalis e Mobiluncus (14,9%), Cândida sp (3,9%) e Trichomonas vaginalis (1,1%).  Os laudos indicaram presença de alterações celulares pré-malignas e malignas. Conclusão: Esta análise poderá motivar a implementação da busca de pacientes com exame atrasado, especialmente das que apresentam alguma infecção sexualmente transmissível ou alteração celular pré-maligna ou maligna.Descritores: Neoplasias do Colo do Útero; Teste de Papanicolaou; Programas de Rastreamento; Atenção Primária à Saúde, Enfermagem.ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF THE LAST CYTOPATHOLOGICAL EXAM OF PATIENTS WITH DELAYED PAP SMEARObjective: To analyze the results of the last cytopathological report of patients with delayed Pap smear. Methodology: Documentary, retrospective study with quantitative approach, conducted in the city of Redenção-CE, from April to September 2018. Were explored 660 medical records of women aged 25 to 64 years. For analysis, measures of central tendency and absolute and relative frequencies were used. Results: The number of women who had never had the Pap smear was 44,7%, and those who had been submitted but were delayed were 55,3%. The presence of metaplastic cells was less frequent (38,6%). Among infectious agents, there was a prevalence of suggestive results of Gardnerella vaginalis and Mobiluncus (14,9%), Candida sp (3,9%) and Trichomonas vaginalis (1,1%). The reports indicated the presence of premalignant and malignant cellular alterations. Conclusion: There are a large number of women with delayed Pap tests and a deficiency in the quality of the tests, indicated by the absence of metaplastic tissue. This should motivate the active search of patients to interrupt the chain of transmission of Sexually Transmitted Infections and to treat cervical lesions early, reducing the chances of progression.KEYWORDS: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Papanicolaou Test, Mass Screening, Primary Health Care, Nursing. ANÁLISIS DE LOS RESULTADOS DEL ÚLTIMO EXAMEN CITOPATOLÓGICO DE PACIENTES CON PAPANICOLAOU EN RETRASOObjetivo: Analizar resultados del último examen citopatológico de pacientes con Papanicolaou en retraso. Metodología: Estudio documental, retrospectivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado en la ciudad de Redenção-CE, de abril a septiembre de 2018. Fueron explorados 660 prontuarios de mujeres de 25 a 64 años. Para el análisis, se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central, frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: El número de mujeres que nunca se habían hecho la prueba de Papanicolaou fue del 44,7%, y las que se sometieron, pero estában en retraso, fueron 55,3%. La presencia de células metaplásicas fue menos frecuente (38,6%). Entre los agentes infecciosos, hubo una prevalencia de resultados sugestivos de Gardnerella vaginalis y Mobiluncus (14,9%), Candida sp (3,9%) y Trichomonas vaginalis (1,1%). Los informes indicaron presencia de alteraciones celulares premalignas y malignas. Conclusión: Hoy una gran cantidad de mujeres con pruebas de Papanicolaou retrasadas y una deficiencia en la calidad de los exámenes, indicada por la ausencia de tejido metaplásico. Esto debería motivar la búsqueda activa de pacientes para interrumpir la cadena de transmisión de las infecciones de transmisión sexual y para tratar las lesiones cervicales temprano, reduciendo las posibilidades de progresión.PALABRAS-CLAVE: Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino, Prueba de Papanicolaou, Tamizaje Masivo, Atención Primaria de Salud, Enfermería.

scholarly journals Study of Trichomonas Vaginalis and Bacterial Vaginosis in Pap smear at a Tertiary Health Care Centre of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Rakesh Pathak ◽  
P Pradhan ◽  
S Pudasaini ◽  
S Maharjan ◽  
AS Basnyat
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Pap Screening

Cervical-vaginal infections are common problems in women of reproductive age presented with clinical features like white vaginal discharge, foul smelling odor and pruritis. Trichomonas vaginalis, Candidia and Gardnerella vaginalis are responsible for infectious vaginitis in creating anaerobic environment favoring Bacterial vaginosis caused by organisms like Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamydia Trachomatis. Papanicolaou (Pap) smear examination is the simple, quick, painless routine screening test used for identification and detection of precancerous changes of uterine cervix as well as the cervico-vaginal infections resulting from bacterial, fungal and candida infections. The prime objective of the study was to identify the age wise distribution of cervical-vaginal infections and determine the frequency of Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Bacterial vaginosis (BV). A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu. A total of 163 cases of TV and BV diagnosed on Pap smear were taken for the study. However, 564 Pap smears were received in the Department of Pathology for cytological evaluation during the study period. Once the smears were stained, the presence of clue cells, cannon balls and Trichomonas were observed. Out of 564 Pap smears received during the study period, 163 cases were of BV, TV and combined BV and TV. These 163 cases were included in our study. The age ranged from 20 to 65 years with majority (19.1%) of the women belonging to 35-39 years and the mean age was 38.18 ± 10.18 years. There were 97 cases (17.2%) of BV, 50 cases (8.9%) of TV and 16 cases (2.8%) of TV and BV co-infection. Bacterial vaginosis was the most predominant type of cervicovaginal infection followed by TV infection and TV and BV co-infections. Trichomonas vaginalis may create an environment favoring the development of BV. Pap screening could be the beneficial tool in early disease diagnosis and helps in preventing further complications by starting appropriate treatment.

scholarly journals Імунологічні зміни у вагітних із дисбіотичними порушеннями

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Nikulina ◽  
I. E. Sokolova ◽  
A. I. Vinnikov
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Candida Sp

The biological properties of the vaginosis pathogens isolated from 255 pregnant patients of the Pregnancy Pathology Department of the Mechnikov Dnipropetrovsk Region Clinical Hospital were studied. It was found that all investigated microflora was represented by the Candida yeasts, Trichomonas vaginalis, Toxoplasma gondii, Chlamidia trachomatis, Gardnerella vaginalis and Leptotrix vaginalis. The yeasts of genus Candida were the most common isolated pathogens of the vaginosis in pregnant women. The presence of Candida sp., Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamidia trachomatis and Toxoplasma gondii in the vaginal smears taken from pregnant women was accompanied by changes of the immunity cell parameters and concentration of circulating immune complexes. 

scholarly journals Sexually transmitted diseases among women with habitual abortion

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-349
Author(s):  
N. K. Mahdi ◽  
M. M. Al Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Disease ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Habitual Abortion ◽  
Control Study

Sexually transmitted disease as a risk factor for habitual abortion was investigated in a case-control study in Basra between October 1994 and May 1995. Of 81 women with habitual abortion, 41 [50.6%] had a sexually transmitted disease. In the normal pregnancy group, 64 of 119 women [53.8%] had a sexually transmitted disease [X [2] = 0.712, P > 0.05]. The isolation rates of Candida spp., Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardnerella vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in women with habitual abortion were not significantly different from those in normal pregnant women. No association was found between the presence of a sexually transmitted disease and habitual abortion [odds ratio = 0.9]. No positive case of syphilis was diagnosed using VDRL and TPHA tests. There was a significant relation between the presence of a sexually transmitted disease and the presence of vaginal discharge, vaginal pH > 4.5 and the frequency of sexual activity/week > 2

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document