Visionado colectivo de cine en la red social Twitch por parte de centennials: estudio de caso

The network Twitch hosts a novel form of collective viewing of audiovisual products, whose audience is centennials. We analyse the case of Watch Parties, which allow users to watch films in real time with a streamer. Taking three Watch Parties of the streamer Lynx_Reviewer as a case study, a methodological triangulation is carried out: virtual ethnography, content analysis and semi-structured interview. By exploring the phenomenon, a model of analysis of collective consumption of content is constructed thanks to a descriptive systematisation of the audience’s consumption habits and uses by analysing the conversations and messages generated in the transmissions. The results obtained show that, despite the disparity of content and channels broadcasting on Twitch, this format follows a common pattern of broadcasting, participation, interface and type of messages. It is a leisure experience based on the collective construction of content developed synchronously with the interaction of the audience, which uses its own references and expressive codes to communicate, using films as a means of interaction within the community.

Singularidades da educação popular do Paranoá-Itapoã (DF): uma construção entre Universidade de Brasília e Movimento Popular Organizado

Este artigo trata das singularidades da Educação Popular constituídas desde 1985 entre a Universidade de Brasília e o movimento popular das cidades do Paranoá e Itapoã no Distrito Federal, Brasil. Para compreender essas especificidades, são realizadas análises bibliográficas de pesquisas acadêmicas que tratam do efeito desse processo educativo na vida de educandos, educadores populares, professores da rede pública e estudantes universitários. O resultado dessa análise indica como características desse projeto de Educação Popular: a constituição de sujeitos a partir do entrelaçamento do ser de amor-poder-saber; o aprendizado pelos educandos de que os problemas de seu cotidiano são oportunidades de superação e não de desistência; o aprendizado pelos educadores da importância da construção coletiva; e, por fim, o processo formativo dos estudantes da UnB que destaca a indissociabilidade da relação teoria-prática.Palavras-chave: Educação popular; Educação de Jovens e Adultos; Formação de Educadores.Singularities of popular education of the cities of Paranoá-Itapoá (DF): construction between University of Brasilia and Organized Popular MovementABSTRACTThis article deals with the singularities of Popular Education established since 1985 between the University of Brasília and the popular movement of the cities of Paranoá and Itapoã in the Federal District, Brazil. In order to understand these specificities, bibliographic analyzes of academic research are carried out that address the effect of this educational process on the lives of students, popular educators, public school teachers and university students. The result of this analysis indicates as characteristics of this Popular Education project: the constitution of subjects from the intertwining of the being of love-power-knowledge; the learning by students that the problems of their daily lives are opportunities to overcome and not give up; the learning by educators of the importance of collective construction; and, finally, the training process of UnB students, which highlights the inseparability of the theory-practice relationship.Keywords: Popular Education; Youth and Adult Education; Teacher Training.Singularidades de la educación popular en las ciudades de Paranoá-Itapoá (DF): construcción entre la Universidad de Brasilia y el Movimiento Popular OrganizadoRESUMENEste artículo trata sobre las singularidades de la Educación Popular establecida desde 1985 entre la Universidad de Brasilia y el movimiento popular en las ciudades de Paranoá e Itapoã en el Distrito Federal, Brasil. Para comprender estas especificidades se realizan análisis bibliográficos de investigación académica que abordan el efecto de este proceso educativo en la vida de estudiantes, educadores populares, docentes de escuelas públicas y estudiantes universitarios. El resultado de este análisis señala como características de este proyecto de Educación Popular: la constitución de sujetos a partir del entrelazamiento del ser amor-poder-conocimiento; los estudiantes aprenden que sus problemas diarios son oportunidades para superar y no darse por vencidos; el aprendizaje por parte de los educadores de la importancia de la construcción colectiva; y, finalmente, el proceso de formación de los estudiantes de la UnB, que destaca la inseparabilidad de la relación teoría-práctica. Palabras clave: Educación popular; Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos; Formación Docente.

Science is human

Collective construction of scientific knowledge is doubtless a major accomplishment of humankind. Sharing of information is a manner of inviting the interested community to participate at each step of such construction. Thus, publication of scientific articles must be regarded as an essential activity or means, because it communicates the results of the work of one or more researchers, in turn based on previous shared knowledge. In this regard, scientific journals play an important role as one of the means of communication. However, they are not merely passive vehicles, but one of the steps of the construction of knowledge itself. ... Inconsequent, irresponsible and unstructured freedom of expression and rigid censorship refractory to anything new are both noxious to any community. Although reaching a balance between extremes is a universal goal, we discover how much we missed the point only when we act and assess the consequences of our actions. In this regard, science is no different from any other field of human action.

The construction of the curricular design of the University Professor of Biology at the National University of Misiones and the formative pathway of Education for Health and the Environment

The aim of this paper is to share the results of the process of formulating the curriculum for the 2016 University Teacher Training in Biology at the Faculty of Exact, Chemical and Natural Sciences of the National University of Misiones (UNaM) based on a collective construction among various stakeholders in the educational community and especially the proposal of the formative pathway of Education for Health and the Environment (EpSyA). The research used a qualitative and interpretative methodology based on the analysis of curricular documents, institutional agreements, national regulations, interviews and classroom observations. The different instances of discussion in the reformulation of the curricular project are reconstructed chronologically, the macro-decisions in the construction of the formative path of EpSyA are analysed and the hourly loads and minimum contents of the subjects and the teaching strategies are made explicit.

Process + Product: The condition of low-cost housing in Bangkok, Thailand

<p>The low-income housing situation in Bangkok, Thailand, is similar to that faced in many developing cities throughout the world. The housing opportunities afforded to residents classed as low-income dwellers, are minimal, unsuitable and inconsiderate of their complex social, cultural and spiritual requirements, often leading to the formation of slums, and squatter settlements. The close proximity of living experienced in informal settlements results in a community-focused style of living, where neighbours rely on each other to survive. This is translated not only into the social fabric of the informal settlement, but also into the architectural style of these vernacular communities. The process of helping construct your neighbour's home, builds social and cultural ties; these traits are often lost when outside parties attempt to ‘improve’ the low-income living situation. The idea of housing design as a process not just a product, also referred to as ‘cooked’ architecture, is widely promoted through the writings, research and design methodologies focused towards low-income housing endeavors (Rapoport, 1988; Sinha, 2012; Yap, 1990). Despite this, effective involvement of residents in developing and building their own homes is something rarely practiced or achieved within architecture, yet the benefits of including residents, who are the focus of a complex social and architectural situation, in the design process seems clear. There is little question that communities that work through this process become stronger, both socially and economically, however, the quality of housing and architectural output is still at a very low level, despite obvious improvements from the previous low-cost conditions. To address this, an architectural outcome has been developed utilizing a critical design approach. The implementation of ethnographic and participatory design research, as well as multiple design iterations, based on current and traditional modes, has resulted in an architecture that is culturally responsive, impacts the existing context lightly, and primarily provides a positive social scenario to encourage community betterment through collective construction and living.</p>

Process + Product: The condition of low-cost housing in Bangkok, Thailand

<p>The low-income housing situation in Bangkok, Thailand, is similar to that faced in many developing cities throughout the world. The housing opportunities afforded to residents classed as low-income dwellers, are minimal, unsuitable and inconsiderate of their complex social, cultural and spiritual requirements, often leading to the formation of slums, and squatter settlements. The close proximity of living experienced in informal settlements results in a community-focused style of living, where neighbours rely on each other to survive. This is translated not only into the social fabric of the informal settlement, but also into the architectural style of these vernacular communities. The process of helping construct your neighbour's home, builds social and cultural ties; these traits are often lost when outside parties attempt to ‘improve’ the low-income living situation. The idea of housing design as a process not just a product, also referred to as ‘cooked’ architecture, is widely promoted through the writings, research and design methodologies focused towards low-income housing endeavors (Rapoport, 1988; Sinha, 2012; Yap, 1990). Despite this, effective involvement of residents in developing and building their own homes is something rarely practiced or achieved within architecture, yet the benefits of including residents, who are the focus of a complex social and architectural situation, in the design process seems clear. There is little question that communities that work through this process become stronger, both socially and economically, however, the quality of housing and architectural output is still at a very low level, despite obvious improvements from the previous low-cost conditions. To address this, an architectural outcome has been developed utilizing a critical design approach. The implementation of ethnographic and participatory design research, as well as multiple design iterations, based on current and traditional modes, has resulted in an architecture that is culturally responsive, impacts the existing context lightly, and primarily provides a positive social scenario to encourage community betterment through collective construction and living.</p>

The cultural landscape of coffee in Tolima, Colombia: heritage assessment, sustainability and management

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the basis for a management agenda for the Tolima Coffee Cultural Landscape (CCLT) in Colombia. To this end, a delimitation model has been developed. However, the approach taken to institute the agenda of the CCLT, as a comprehensive academic and policy-based theme, is based on the formulation of a social agenda that supports its construction.Design/methodology/approachA theoretical framework is proposed that addresses the sociocultural complexities of the Tolima cultural landscape. This is based on an ethnohistorical approach that elucidates the development of this landscape as a collective construction of pre-Hispanic origin. Therefore, this investigation has been perceived through the theoretical and conceptual framework of the cultural landscape concept and the unique historical and cultural phenomenon that help to define all landscapes. More specifically, the authors have demonstrated the close links that exist between nature and culture, requiring increasingly accurate methods in order to adapt the landscape definition to the specific Latin American context, rather than adhering to the institutional framework proposed by UNESCO.FindingsThe assessment methods currently in use support the interpretation of a set of qualitative and quantitative attributes inherent to the Tolima region. However, additional methods still remain similar to those of the Coffee Cultural Landscape of Colombia (CCLC) that has already been inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List. The CCLC is considered to be a representative landscape—or “type” landscape—that “mirrors” the CCLT. Taken as a whole, this theoretical construction combined with the official designation allows local communities to understand the spatial phenomena of the CCLT. This will have the effect of enabling communities at all levels, from local government to landholders and farmers, to authorize its existence and allow for its continuing development and governance. The additional approval for further academic research, combined with the totality of these elements, also has the added effect of empowering communities, their economic future and their cultural interests.Originality/valueThe management agenda that the authors are proposing may form the beginning of regional policy initiatives that reflect a positive strategy for highlighting the value of cultural heritage, thereby ensuring the protection of cultural properties and landscapes and allowing for a more sustainable environment and livelihood for its occupants.

Choice of Rural Collective Construction Land Sales and Rental Markets at the Theoretical Framework of Williamson’s Transaction Costs: Evidence from Nanhai District, Guangdong Province, China

The rural collective construction land (RCCL) market imperfections, as well as informal regulations, may have contributed to high transaction costs. Well-functioning land markets play an essential role in land-use revenue, land-use efficiency, and land allocation efficiency for the rural collective economic organization (RCEO). Therefore, specific land-use patterns and detailed transaction rules for the land rental market and land sales market, respectively, make a contribution to a suitable market model with lower transaction costs and higher market efficiency. Through an empirical investigation in Nanhai District, Gungdong Province, this article builds on the theoretical framework of Williamson’s transaction costs, where the asset specificity, uncertainty, and transaction frequency have a significant influence on the RCCL market model choice. Probit model results show that (1) the RCEO prefers to choose the land sales market when the RCCL market has higher asset specificity so that the land sales market can counteract transaction costs by creating land revenue for long-term investments. Thus, the land sales market is a more appropriate choice when the trading land is a large area in a great location. (2) The rental market choice is more suitable for the RCCL market with higher transaction uncertainty. Therefore, the RCEO can detail transaction rules for the land sales and rental markets, respectively. We propose that local governments need to announce regulations for the longest contract period and the land development planning (floor area ratio, building density, floor height, etc.) of different land-use types (industrial land and commercial land) for the land sales market and the land rental market.

Analysison the Willingness and InfluencingFactors of the Villagers to Market the Rural Collective Construction Land in Nanhai District of Guangdong Province under the Background of Transformation and Upgrading of Manufacturing Industry

By analyzing the cognition and willingness of the villagers in Nanhai district (a big manufacturing city) of guangdong province to the marketing of the rural collective operating construction land, this paper finds out the key factors of the villagers' response to the marketing of the rural collective operating construction land, and puts forward some suggestions on how to promote the villagers' response to the marketing of the rural collective operating construction land. This paper takes villagers from 7 towns in Nanhai District of Guangdong Province as the investigation objects, and effectively gets questionnaires from 596 villagers by means of random investigation. The research methods of descriptive statistics and Logistic regression model are specifically used.The villagers in Nanhai District of Guangdong Province have a strong willingness to market the rural collective operating construction land, among which 63.42% of the surveyed villagers agree to market the rural collective operating construction land, but 36.58% of the surveyed villagers still have a weak willingness. There are five key factors that affect villagers' willingness to market rural collective operating construction land: villagers' education level, agricultural dependence, annual household net income, expectation of market effect and view of market risk of agricultural land.In order to improve the willingness of the villagers in Nanhai District of Guangdong Province to enter the market of the rural collective operating construction land, the following four measures can be taken to realize it: First, to improve the villagers' education level; Second, reduce the villagers' dependence on agriculture and increase the annual net income of the villagers' families. Thirdly, the demonstration effect of entering the market should be effectively done to improve the villagers' expectation of the effect of entering the market. Fourthly, the education of popularizing the knowledge of entering the market should be strengthened to guide the villagers to correctly understand the institutional nature of entering the market of agricultural land so as to reduce the risk of entering the market of agricultural land.