scholarly journals Avian community characteristics and demographics reveal how conservation value of regenerating tropical dry forest changes with forest age

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Latta ◽  
Nathan L. Brouwer ◽  
Danilo A. Mejía ◽  
Maria M. Paulino
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Neotropical Migrants ◽  
Bird Conservation ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Understory Shrubs

Expansion of secondary forests following the abandonment of agriculture may have important implications for bird conservation, but few studies have examined the dynamics of this process. We studied bird use of a chronosequence of differently-aged abandoned pastures regenerating to dry forest to better understand how the value of these habitats to birds changes over time. In a five year study on Hispaniola, we recorded 7,315 net captures of 60 species of landbirds in sites that began the study at two, five, 10, and 20 years post-abandonment, and in mature native dry forest. Twenty-five species made up 97% of all net captures. Highest capture rates were in the two youngest sites. These early-successional habitats had many over-wintering Neotropical migrants; among residents, granivores and frugivores predominated. In contrast, both the twenty-year-old and mature forest sites had few migrants, more resident insectivores and omnivorous species, and a greater proportion of endemics. Age and sex ratios, body condition and site persistence suggest early successional sites were sub-optimal for most over-wintering migrants, but habitat improved with age for three migratory species; results for permanent residents varied among species. Remnant trees and understory shrubs in the agroecological matrix likely contributed to avian diversity in regenerating dry forest sites, and proximity to mature forest also likely affected the diversity and abundance of birds in regenerating habitat. Our study shows that regenerating forests do not fully compensate for loss of mature dry forest habitat, even after 24 years of regeneration; natural restoration of complex microhabitats in dry forest sites converted to agriculture may take decades or longer. The highest value of regenerating forests may be as habitat for some over-wintering Neotropical migrants, and in creating a buffer zone that enhances biodiversity conservation by re-integrating these lands into the protected tracts of mature forest needed by the islands more unique and endemic bird species.

scholarly journals Diversidad de aves en fragmentos de bosque seco tropical en paisajes ganaderos del Departamento de Córdoba, Colombia

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1625
Author(s):  
Jose Alejandro Vergara Paternina ◽  
Jesús Ballesteros Correa ◽  
Carlos González Charrasquiel ◽  
Juan C. Linares Arias
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Secondary Forests

In Colombia the tropical dry forest is one of the most threatened and least known ecosystems; these have been impacted by different transformation processes and habitat fragmentation, which have affected bird conditions and survival. This research evaluated the influence of landscape elements (forest and pastures with different tree covers) on bird diversity in the tropical dry forest of Córdoba, Colombia. The study was developed within an extensive livestock landscape to characterize the avifauna in four habitat types formed by fragments of secondary forests with different tree cover: secondary forest, pastures with high tree cover, pastures with low tree cover and only pastures. The influence of tree cover on bird diversity was evaluated with monthly samplings in 200 m long transects (per habitat), with two observation intervals (6:00 - 9:00 and 15:00-18:00), from September 2011 to May 2012. A total of 6 667 individuals belonging to 180 species and 48 families of birds were registered. The most abundant species were Columbina talpacoti (5.37 %), Brotogeris jugularis (5.14 %), Tyrannus melancholicus (4.81 %) and Bubulcus ibis (4.80 %). The most abundant family was Tyrannidae (16.4 %), followed by Psitacidae (9.0 %) and Columbidae (8.2 %). The family with the highest number of species was Tyrannidae with 28 species, followed by Accipitridae and Icteridae with 10 species each. The greatest species richness was present in the secondary forest habitat, followed by the pastures with high tree cover, and pastures with low cover. The lowest abundance and species richness was found in pastures without tree cover with significant differences between the habitats (Fisher, p <0.05). According to the Shannon index, the diversity of birds was higher in the secondary forests. In contrast, the lowest diversity was found in pastures without tree cover. The greatest species richness occurred in the months of October and November. In the rest of the sampling period, the number of recorded species and individuals showed some stability. The importance of trees presence in extensive livestock areas was evidenced because they help to contain an important diversity of bird species, and they also generate connectivity among fragments of secondary forests in the cattle landscape.

scholarly journals Avifaunal characterization of Corral de Piedra Palustrine Wetland, Nicoya, Costa Rica

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Vargas-Masis ◽  
Lilliana Piedra-Castro ◽  
Juan Bravo-Chacón
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Bird Conservation ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
Bird Richness

Wetlands maintain high biodiversity and provide important habitat for many bird species, but now have strong pressure from anthropogenic activities. Birds in wetlands are important indicators of environmental changes and our goal was to characterize the bird community in the wetlands Palustrine Corral de Piedra as a mechanism for conservation of tropical dry forest of Costa Rica. We used point counts to describe bird richness and abundance in open (lakes and flooded grasslands) and wooded areas. We described habitat use and microhabitats, trophic guilds, biogeographic distribution and status in Costa Rica. We recorded 83 species of resident birds belonging to 36 families, of which 65 are resident species and 18 have some migratory status in Costa Rica. Secondary consumer species of small vertebrates corresponded to 45,8% and primary consumers were 25,3%. The birds mainly used trees for perching but use emergent shrubs, floating vegetation and water. We found a large number of Egrets, Flycatchers and Hawks playing important roles as pollinators, seed dispersers and predator is adding significant value to the ecological dynamics of forests and lakes in the area. Corral de Piedra has special importance as a site for the establishment of migratory birds and large number of resident species of conservation concern. We consider that joint efforts between residents and researchers are an important tool for bird conservation in the region.

Secondary forest succession in a tropical dry forest: patterns of development across a 50-year chronosequence in lowland Bolivia

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEBORAH K. KENNARD
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Mature Forest

Stand structure, species richness and population structures of tree species were characterized in 12 stands representing 50 y of succession following slash-and-burn agriculture in a tropical dry forest in lowland Bolivia. Estimates of tree species richness, canopy cover and basal area reached or surpassed 75% of mature forest levels in the 5-, 8-, and 23-y-old stands respectively. Total stem density of the 50-y-old stand was almost twice that of the mature forest stand. This rapid recovery may be due to a high percentage of sprouting tree species, potentially high seed fall into abandoned fields, or the disturbance history of the mature stand. The even-aged size-class structures, dominance of long-lived pioneers, and presence of charcoal and pottery shards in soils of the mature forest stand suggest it formed after a severe disturbance, possibly fire of anthropogenic origin.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DI KAWASAN PENYANGGA TAMAN HUTAN RAYA SULTAN SYARIF HASYIM PROVINSI RIAU

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-101
Author(s):  
Andriano Hutapea ◽  
Eno Suwarno ◽  
Hadinoto Hadinoto
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Vegetation Analysis ◽  
Point Count ◽  
A Value ◽  
Point Count Method ◽  
High Diversity

The existence and spread of birds are closely related to the availability of food and habitat for birds while showing the existence of an individual or group of individuals. Species of birds and how the spread of bird species is based on habitat in the buffer zone of Tahura Sultan Syarif Hasyim. The method used is to use the Point Count method while calculating existing vegetation using anveg (vegetation analysis). The composition of birds in various vegetation cover is divided into 2 namely secondary forest and agroforestry land, in secondary forests there are 292 individuals, 41 species, 25 families from 9 orders while on agroforestry land there are 213 individuals, 25 species, 16 families of 6 orders. Thus, in the buffer zone of Tahura Sultan Syarif Hasyim, there were 505 individuals, 48 ​​species, 28 families of 10 orders with diversity included in the category of "High Diversity" with a value of 3.54, in the distribution of 14 species of land species, 27 types of lower canopy, 37 types of middle canopy and 26 types of top canopy.

scholarly journals Body Condition in Birds in Two Landscapes of the Upper Magdalena Valley, Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Natalia Sánchez-Guzmán ◽  
Sergio Losada-Prado
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wing Chord ◽  
Scaled Mass Index

The body condition (BC) is the sum of factors such as the state of energy reserves, the degree of health and the physiological wear of an individual. Despite its importance and the existence of a wide range of methodologies to measure it, in the Neotropic there are few works that value this variable in contrast to environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to analyze the BC during the years 2012-2013 of 13 bird species in two intervened landscapes in the tropical dry forest, located in the north of Tolima and the southwest of Huila in the region of the upper Magdalena Valley (UVM). The BC of species was assessed using the scaled mass index (SMI), using morphometric data such as wing chord, tarsal length and body mass. Significant differences were found in the SMI between landscapes and climatic seasons in the species Formicivora grisea, Saltator striatipectus, Sporophila schistacea and Basileuterus rufifrons. It was concluded that environmental variables evaluated affect the BC of some species but not the avifauna in general, mainly due to the effect of these variables on the availability of resources, the necessary energy spending to obtain them and the sensitivity of species to environmental changes.

scholarly journals Effects of Land-Use Modifications in the Potential Distribution of Endemic Bird Species Associated With Tropical Dry Forest in Guerrero, Southern Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 194008291879440
Author(s):  
R. Carlos Almazán-Núñez ◽  
Pablo Sierra-Morales ◽  
Octavio R. Rojas-Soto ◽  
Javier Jiménez-Hernández ◽  
Alfredo Méndez-Bahena
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Effects Of Land Use

Post-Fire Regeneration of Woody Species in a Colombian Tropical Dry Forest

2020 ◽  
pp. 324-345
Author(s):  
Anghy Gutiérrez-Rincón ◽  
Angela Parrado-Rosselli
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Regeneration Response ◽  
Magdalena River ◽  
In Fire

In fire-influenced ecosystems, some plant species have the ability to recover, germinate, and to establish after a fire; however, their proportion and dominance varies between sites. The objective of this work was to evaluate natural regeneration following a fire in a tropical dry forest located in the Upper Magdalena River Valley in Colombia. In that way, all seedlings and saplings of woody species were recorded, 1.5 years after a fire, in 75 2x2-m plots installed in burned and unburned forest sites, as well as in forest gaps. Results showed that although abundance was higher in the burned sites, the species richness was lower than in unburned areas. Based on the regeneration response of the species, we identified three groups of plants: 1) fire-stimulated, 2) fire-tolerant, and 3) fire-sensitive species, which means that this tropical dry forest has species with the ability to recover, germinate, and establish after a fire. These three groups of plant species should be considered in restoration programs in light of future and more frequent forest fires due to climate change.

Post-dispersal seed and seedling mortality of tropical dry forest trees after shifting agriculture, Chiapas, Mexico

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Seed Loss ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Secondary Habitats

ABSTRACTVertebrate attack accounted for 98.4% of all seed loss during the two months following dispersal. This accounted for, across all habitat types, 94% ofBursera, 76% ofSpondias, 37% ofSwieteniaand 25% ofErythrinaseeds artificially dispersed.Bursera, SpondiasandSwieteniaseeds in early successional habitat suffered significantly greater predation than in either older abandoned (30 y) or mature forest plots.Erythrinashowed generally low loss to predation in all plots. Seeds attacked were more often removed from, rather than buried or eaten at, the dispersal site. In young secondary habitats, however, seeds ofBurseraandSpondiaswere more frequently eaten at the site. Seeds dispersed individually rather than in larger aggregations (5, 10) were more likely to survive in mature forest and late secondary habitat. This advantage was lost inBurseraandSwieteniawhen they were dispersed to younger successional habitats.At the early seedling stage, recruitment ofBurseraandSwieteniawas highest in the older secondary habitats. Seedlings ofErythrinashowed the lowest overall losses to any of the mortality factors identified during the first two months of establishment. Seeds of forest tree species arriving in secondary habitat were more vulnerable to attack by non-flying vertebrates than in mature forest. Survival of seedlings of these species was most closely related to the moisture-conserving status of the habitat.

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