Effect of Bacillus polymyxa as Wild or Mutant by UV and Diagnosed with PCR on the Available Phosphate Fertilizer in Calcareous Soils and Growth Yield of Corn (Zea mays L.)

An agricultural experiment was conducted to study the effect of corn seeds inoculation with mutant, wild or mixed of them together of locally isolate of Bacillus polymyxa on the availability of phosphorus, growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.) when it was planted in silty clay and loamy sand soils with the addition of four levels of triplsuperphosphate fertilizer (0, 50, 75 and 100 kg p/ha). B. polymyxa isolate was exposed to UV rays for 60 minutes to obtain mutagenic bacteria. Results showed that inoculation with wild isolate with 75 or 100 kg p/ha gave the best value for plant height, shoot dry weight, phosphorus concentration in the vegetative part and available phosphorus in the soil after planting. Inoculation with mutagenic isolate bacteria gave the value of 69.37 cm, 6 g/pot, 43.49 mg/pot and 27.52 mg/kg soil for plant height, shoot dry weight, phosphorus absorbed in vegetative part and available phosphorus, respectively when it planted in loamy sand or silty clay soil. On the other hand, the percentage of increase of the effect of phosphate fertilization levels was 47.82%, 39.70%, 75.53% and 73.46% in loamy sand soil and 46.74%, 56.96%, 85.33% and 53.12% in silty clay soil, respectively.

Economic and mathematical approach to optimization of vacuum-freeze drying of the enzyme preparation inulinase Bacillus polymyxa 29

One of the promising directions of improving the processes of processing plant raw materials is bioconversion using enzyme preparations, the use of which allows you to significantly change, intensify and improve existing technologies for the production of food products as a system of energy-efficient processes. The subject of the study is the enzyme preparation of inulinase Bacillus polymyxa 29, which ensures the conversion of the plant polymer inulin to fructose. Fructose has an increased interest in food technologies as a safer human health alternative to sucrose. Fructose yield reaches 90–95%; the sweetness coefficient of fructose is 1.73 times higher than sucrose. Production of enzyme with maximum activity is achieved by vacuum-sublimation drying at time-programmed mode of heat supply control taking into account limitations due to quality of heat exchange and economic feasibility of the process. Method of selection of optimal solutions in vacuum-sublimation drying of feather preparation Bacillus polymyxa 29 according to profit index is proposed. The proposed approach resolved the main technical gap between productivity and energy consumption. An optimal loading of the sublimator has been established, which ensures the minimization of specific electric power consumption for various values of the initial moisture drying of the enzyme, taking into account the given efficiency of the vacuum sublimation dryer.

Nutrient Uptake, Soil Fertility Status and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Rice as Influenced by Inorganic and Bio-fertilizer in New Alluvial Zone of West Bengal

Aims: To study the influence of inorganic and bio-fertilizers on nutrient uptake, soil fertility status and nutrient use efficiency of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Place and Duration of Study: The field trial was conducted in the experimental farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India during kharif season of 2016. Methodology: The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with seven treatments each of which was replicated three times. The experiment was comprised of seven treatments viz. T1: control, T2: chemical fertilizer at 100% recommended dose of NPK, T3: 50% recommended dose of NP + 100% RDK + Bacillus polymyxa, T4: 75% recommended dose of NP + 100% RDK + Azotobacter chroococcum, T5: 75% recommended dose of NP + 100% RDK + Bacillus polymyxa, T6: 50% recommended dose of NP + 100% RDK + Pseudomonas fluorescence and T7: 50% recommended dose of NPK + Bacillus polymyxa. Rice cultivar ‘IET-4786 (Shatabdi)’ was used as test crop. Results: Results of this study revealed that the maximum nutrient concentration in rice grain and straw; total N, P and K uptake (136.80, 37.07 and 184.65 kg ha-1 respectively); grain and straw yield; were obtained with the application of 100% recommended dose of chemical fertilizer (T2). T2 treatment was followed by 75% recommended dose of NP + 100% RDK + Azotobacter chroococcum (T4) and 75% recommended dose of NP + 100% RDK + Bacillus polymyxa (T5). Treatments T4 and T5 were significant in improving the soil health status including organic carbon content (0.38%), available N (183.29 and 172.43 kg ha-1), P2O5 (44.31 and 41.46 kg ha-1) and K2O (217.89 and 195.82 kg ha-1). Conclusion: Therefore, treatments T4 and T5 exhibited beneficial effect on improving soil health and nutrient use efficiency leading towards higher rice yield along with reducing soil deterioration and maintaining sustainability.

EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN BAKTERI Bacillus polymyxa MELALUI PAKAN TERHADAP IMUNITAS NON SPESIFIK UDANG VANNAMEI (Litopenaeus vannamei)

The addition of Bacillus polymyxa bacteria in the feed as immunostimulant is one of the efforts of disease prevention on vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The aimed of this research was to know the effectivity of the use of Bacillus polymyxa bacteria in feed towards the non-specific imunity of vannamei shrimp. This research consisted of 4 treatments namely feed with the density of Bacillus polymyxa bacteria 0 cell/ml as control (A), 104 cell/ml (B), 106 cell/ml (C) and 108 cell/ml (D) and each treatment is repeated 3 times. This research has been done in 15 days. Parameters that observed this research were total haemocyte count (THC), phagocytosis activity, differential haemocyte count (DHC) and water quality. The results showed that the addition Bacillus polymyxa bacteria of 106 cell/ml was able to improve THC value 6,6x107 cell/ml on the day 10. The DHC value was in the normal range which is hyalin cell was 52-89% and granular cell was 11-48%. The quality of water maintenance media during this research was in the normal range there were temperature 27,2-28,1°C, DO 3,70-3,91ppm, pH 3,70-3,91, and salinity 30-35 ppt.