Designing a Monitoring System to Observe the Innovative Single-Wire and Wireless Energy Transmitting Systems in Explosive Areas of Underground Mines

Suspended monorails are a common mode of transportation for materials and personnel in underground mines. The goal of the EU-funded project “Innovative High Efficiency Power System for Machines and Devices, Increasing the Level of Work Safety in Underground Mining Excavations (HEETII)” is to introduce a single-wire energy transmission system combined with a capacitive-coupling-based wireless transmission system to power the suspended tractor, along with a monitoring system that will monitor the energy network and additional environmental parameters of the mine. Additionally, the monitoring system acts as the wireless communication backbone, allowing for data transmission to surface headquarters, where the data are processed and logged in a central database. This enables operators to detect and take preemptive measures to prevent potential hazards in the mine, improving the overall efficiency of the energy transmission system. This paper describes the additional considerations required for electrical systems in underground mines with potentially explosive atmospheres, as well as the design of the energy transmission system and the monitoring system.

Modified transpalatal arch to correct sagging of palatal cusp of maxillary 2nd molar

“Sagging” of the palatal cusp of upper second molars is a common finding observed during orthodontic treatment which may develop heavy balancing side contacts, which have been found to be detrimental to harmonious function of the masticatory system. Various modifications of transpalatal arch (TPA) are advocated to correct crossbite, but most of them will utilize an additional step of soldering a wire attachment to TPA. In this clinical pearl, the TPA was fabricated using a single wire component, eliminating an additional step of soldering.

Determination of the Causes of Copper Wires Beads after Fire in Vehicles

An electrical installation that simulates an automobile DC power supply system with a voltage of 12 V has been created. An experimental simulation of a short circuit at currents up to 400 A on copper multi-wire and single-wire conductors under normal environmental conditions is carried out. The copper wires beads were annealed in a furnace at temperatures from 700 to 1000 °C for 20, 40 and 60 minutes. Metallographic analysis of copper wires beads was carried out. The temperatures and times that of at which the signs of short circuit and overcurrent are destroyed has been revealed. Obtained results contribute to improvement evidence’s researching in the fire investigation of motor vehicles electrical wiring after a fire. Keywords: Arc beads, Copper, Metallographic analysis, Electrical Short Circuit, Wires.

Obtaining of Copper- and Nickel-Based Polymetallic Gradient Products by Wire-Feed Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing

The structure and mechanical properties of gradient transition zones of the copper-nickel system formed by additive electron beam technology have been investigated. Pure copper and nickel alloy Ni80Cr20 were used for printing. The data obtained testify to the complex and heterogeneous nature of structure formation when printing both by single-wire method and using double-wire controlled feeding of material into the melt bath. In the samples, the formation of defects of different scale from local inhomogeneities of the structure to pores and cracks is possible. The mechanical properties of the structural gradient zone are at a sufficiently high level and depend on the ratio of the system components.

COMPUTER DIAGNOSTICS OF CARS IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES

The principles of operation of the signal itself, as well as transmission via a single-wire and two-wire drive, are considered. Features of the development of modern diagnostic devices.

Development of a Novel X-ray Compatible 3D-Printed Bone Model to Characterize Different K-Wire Fixation Methods in Support of the Treatment of Pediatric Radius Fractures

Additive manufacturing technologies are essential in biomedical modeling and prototyping. Polymer-based bone models are widely used in simulating surgical interventions and procedures. Distal forearm fractures are the most common pediatric fractures, in which the Kirschner wire fixation is the most widely used operative method. However, there is still lingering controversy throughout the published literature regarding the number of wires and sites of insertion. This study aims to critically compare the biomechanical stability of different K-wire fixation techniques. Different osteosyntheses were reconstructed on 189 novel standardized bone models, which were created using 3D printing and molding techniques, using PLA and polyurethane materials, and it has been characterized in terms of mechanical behavior and structure. X-ray imaging has also been performed. The validation of the model was successful: the relative standard deviations (RSD = 100 × SD × mean−1, where RSD is relative standard deviation, SD is the standard deviation) of the mechanical parameters varied between 1.1% (10° torsion; 6.52 Nm ± 0.07 Nm) and 5.3% (5° torsion; 4.33 Nm ± 0.23 Nm). The simulated fractures were fixed using two K-wires inserted from radial and dorsal directions (crossed wire fixation) or both from the radial direction, in parallel (parallel wire fixation). Single-wire fixations with shifted exit points were also included. Additionally, three-point bending tests with dorsal and radial load and torsion tests were performed. We measured the maximum force required for a 5 mm displacement of the probe under dorsal and radial loads (means for crossed wire fixation: 249.5 N and 355.9 N; parallel wire fixation: 246.4 N and 308.3 N; single wire fixation: 115.9 N and 166.5 N). We also measured the torque required for 5° and 10° torsion (which varied between 0.15 Nm for 5° and 0.36 Nm for 10° torsion). The crossed wire fixation provided the most stability during the three-point bending tests. Against torsion, both the crossed and parallel wire fixation were superior to the single-wire fixations. The 3D printed model is found to be a reliable, cost-effective tool that can be used to characterize the different fixation methods, and it can be used in further pre-clinical investigations.

Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance in Bimetal Materials of Q345 and 308 Steel Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing

The microstructure and corrosion resistance of samples fabricated by Q345 and 308 bimetallic feedings using two kinds of processes of wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) was observed and compared with that of sample manufactured by a single feeding wire of Q345 or 308. The results show that the interface between the Q345 and 308 had no defects and metallurgical bonding. The hardness of bimetal Q345/308 additive manufacturing samples was higher than that of Q345 or 308 single wire additive manufacturing. The sample made of Q345 single wire had serious electrochemical corrosion, while the sample made of 308 single wire had pitting corrosion. The pitting corrosion of the sample reinforced by bimetal Q345/308 feeding wires was improved.

A six degree-of-freedom fused silica seismometer: design and tests of a metal prototype

Ground vibrations couple to the longitudinal and angular motion of the aLIGO test masses and limit the observatory sensitivity below 30 Hz. Novel inertial sensors have the potential to improve the aLIGO sensitivity in this band and simplify the lock acquisition of the detectors. In this paper, we experimentally study a compact 6D seismometer that consists of a mass suspended by a single wire. The position of the mass is interferometrically read out relative to the platform that supports the seismometer. We present the experimental results, discuss limitations of our metallic prototype, and show that a compact 6D seismometer made out of fused silica and suspended with a fused silica fibre has the potential to improve the aLIGO low frequency noise.