Author Correction: Parametric dependence of hot electron relaxation timescales on electron-electron and electron-phonon interaction strengths

A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-020-00499-8

RESEARCH ON EEOI PARAMETRIC CONNECTION OF A SHIP DURING THE REAL VOYAGE CONDUCTION

The round-the-world transition of m/v Katherine ship is considered. The aim of this work is to minimize the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) of the vessel, and, accordingly, to minimize the ship's fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission depending on the parameters of sea transition: Vs, mass of transported cargo, and the distance of the passage. For specifically selected ship power plant (SPP), the parametric dependence of Vs and fuel consumption on the share of used power is determined by calculation method. The Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) is determined by the model given in Resolution MEPC.212(63). The EEOI is determined depending on the ship fuel consumption, the carbon concentration in the ship’s fuel with the main parameters accepted for transition Vs, transported cargo mass , the sea passage distance . Calculation studies are conducted in a wide range of sea transition parameters – transition distance within 200 to 2,800 nm, the Vs from 0.01 to 24.0 knots, cargo mass ranging within 4,000 to 70,000 tons.

Parametric dependence of lightning impulse behavior of grounding electrodes buried in a dispersive and ionized lossy soil under first- and subsequent-stroke currents

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the simultaneous effects of ionization and dispersion of soil on the impulse behavior of grounding electrodes under first and subsequent stroke currents. Design/methodology/approach A recently introduced technique called improved multi-conductor transmission line (MTL) is simplified for grounding electrodes buried in both-affected soils. Findings The simulation results show that including the two effects simultaneously in highly resistive soils under high-valued subsequent stroke current is recommended. Otherwise, simultaneous effects can be disregard. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no research on sensitivity analyses for the simultaneous inclusion of the two effects on the effective length and the induced voltage on the soil surface. To this end, the simplified MTL is applied to the grounding electrodes. The simulation results show that the computational efficiency in comparison with previous methods is, first, considerably increased. Second, the simultaneous effects result in decreasing the soil surface voltage with respect to situations where either ionization or dispersion is taken into account (single-affected soils). In other words, the performance of grounding systems is improved. Third, the effective length in both-affected soil is has a middle value with respect to the single-affected soil. Such findings practically and financially are of importance.