Fractal scaling of C. elegans behavior is shaped by insulin signaling

Fractal scaling governs the complex behavior of various animal species and, in humans, can be altered by neurodegenerative diseases and aging1. However, the mechanism underlying fractal scaling remains unknown. Here, we videorecorded C. elegans that had been cultured in a microfluidic device for 3 days and analyzed temporal patterns of C. elegans actions by fractal analyses. The residence-time distribution of C. elegans shared a common feature with those of human and mice2–4. Specifically, the residence-time power-law distribution of the active state changed to an exponential-like decline at a longer time scale, whereas this change did not occur in the inactive state. The exponential-like decline disappeared in starved C. elegans but was restored by culturing animals with glucose. The exponential-like decline similarly disappeared in insulin-signaling daf-2 and daf-16 mutants. Therefore, we conclude that insulin signaling regulates fractal scaling of C. elegans behavior. Our findings indicate that neurosensory modulation of C. elegans behavior by insulin signaling is achieved by regulation of fractal scaling. In humans, diabetes mellitus is associated with depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorder5, which affect daily behavioral activities. We hypothesize that comorbid behavioral defects in patients with diabetes may be attributed to altered fractal scaling of human behavior.

Fractal scaling of C. elegans behavior is shaped by insulin signaling

Fractal scaling governs the complex behavior of various animal species and, in humans, can be altered by neurodegenerative diseases and aging1. However, the mechanism underlying fractal scaling remains unknown. Here, we videorecorded C. elegans that had been cultured in a microfluidic device for 3 days and analyzed temporal patterns of C. elegans actions by fractal analyses. The residence-time distribution of C. elegans shared a common feature with those of human and mice2–4. Specifically, the residence-time power-law distribution of the active state changed to an exponential-like decline at a longer time scale, whereas this change did not occur in the inactive state. The exponential-like decline disappeared in starved C. elegans but was restored by culturing animals with glucose. The exponential-like decline similarly disappeared in insulin-signaling daf-2 and daf-16 mutants. Therefore, we conclude that insulin signaling regulates fractal scaling of C. elegans behavior. Our findings indicate that neurosensory modulation of C. elegans behavior by insulin signaling is achieved by regulation of fractal scaling. In humans, diabetes mellitus is associated with depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorder5, which affect daily behavioral activities. We hypothesize that comorbid behavioral defects in patients with diabetes may be attributed to altered fractal scaling of human behavior.

Mathematical Foundations of the Fractal Scaling Method in Statistical Radiophysics and Applications

The system of basic mathematical concepts and constructions underlying the modern global fractal-scaling method developed by the author is presented. An overview of the main results on the creation of new information technologies based on textures, fractals (multifractals), fractional operators, scaling effects and nonlinear dynamics methods obtained by the author and his students for more than 40 years (from 1979 to the present) at the V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS. It is shown that, for the first time in the world, new dimensional and topological (and not energy!) Features or invariants were proposed and then effectively applied for problems in radio physics and radio electronics, which are combined under the generalized concept of "sample topology" ~ "fractal signature". The author discovered, proposed and substantiated a new type and new method of modern radar, namely, fractal-scaling or scale-invariant radar. It should be noted that fractal radars are, in fact, a necessary intermediate stage on the path of transition to cognitive radar and quantum radar.

A new insight to the scaling-law fluid associated with the Mandelbrot scaling law

This paper addresses a non-traditional approach for the scaling-law fluid-flows described by fractal scaling-law vector calculus associated with the Mandelbrot scaling law. Their quantum equations were proposed to control the fluid-flows associated with the Mandelbrot scaling law. This gives a new insight into the descriptions for the scaling-law behaviors of the fluid-flows in the Mandelbrot scaling-law phenomena.