Sustainability as a measure of tourism success: the Portuguese Promotional Tourism Boards' view

PurposeThe study explores the concept of sustainability as a measure of tourism success from the perspectives of the Portuguese Promotional Tourism Boards.Design/methodology/approachThe study reviews current approaches to defining sustainability and explores how this can contribute to measuring success in tourism destinations using the case of the Portuguese Promotional Tourism Boards to shed light on the theme issue question.FindingsThe evidence that the impacts of tourism are not all beneficial to destinations and their residents is mounting and well addressed by the main world tourism agencies who are now promoting alternative ways for the industry to adopt a more holistic approach to measure the success of tourism destinations. This approach is also being adopted and promoted by some of the world's best tourism destinations.Originality/valueBased on contributions from the Portuguese Regional Promotional Tourism Entities (ERTs), it was possible to define a successful tourism destination as the one that creates income for the local community and ensures the quality of life of the population; values and preserves local identities, heritage, culture and traditions; and promotes the sustainable use of ecosystems and the preservation of natural resources, while practising a circular economy approach. Based on the same source, it was possible to identify the most important variable in evaluating the success of a tourist destination: the level of satisfaction of residents with tourism.

Understanding Communication and Identity Strategy of Indonesian Diaspora Women as YouTuber

<em><span>Nowadays the presence of internet provides virtual spaces for diaspora women who are living outside Indonesia. Living within different cultures are challenging and social media platform can be as self-actualization medium to representing identities and expressing their emotional bonding with homeland. There are only several research which have revealed on how Indonesia women diaspora from mixed family especially in maintaining YouTube platforms. The aim of this study is tried to portray how Indonesian diaspora women revealing their national identity within video YouTube content. This research method was descriptive qualitative. Data were collected from ten videos of two Indonesian diasporas YouTuber who have mixed family, living abroad, and have more than 1 (one) million subscribers. We tried to explore from some categories such as video's location, moment or time background, target viewer, and on how delivering the messages within videos. Research finding showed that the video’s contents indicated kind of negotiation construction for showing love and caring between homeland and recent locations, also acceptance with local identities. Elements of Indonesian are attached in their everyday life. In addition, they were still depicted as being related to domestic role and being responsible for taking care of the family.</span></em>

PRESERVING IDENTITY OF HISTORICAL ENVIRONMENTS IN SIBERIA: A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction: Currently, the projects related to the development of identical historical environments in Siberia, Russia, are predominately inconsistent. Yet there is an opportunity to find a more holistic approach to sustaining local heritage, which could address local cultures and identities through an understanding of how the location, as well as specific spatial and architectural practices, evolve. Purpose of the study: The study aimed to establish a theoretical and methodological framework for sustaining the local identity in architectural terms. Methods: According to the methodological recommendations of Groat and Wang, such methods as critical literature review and logical argumentation were used. Results: The research came to the conclusion that the city identity can be unfolded through two or more congruent layers of existence. This study deals with architectural heritage and society as two types of such layers. It suggests that the local identities of historical environments could be sustained by a combination of the following methods: 1) looking to the past, through analyzing the city’s fabric and searching for “social traces” and semiotic meanings; 2) looking to the future, through using participatory design methods. This methodology should be further tested on specific historical environments in Siberia. The critical literature review will provide researchers and practitioners in the field with a fundamental theoretical framework.

Aotearoa Architecture Interwoven Abroad

<p>In an era of globalization and technological revolution, concurrent shifts in architectural styles are visually apparent. With endeavors to accommodate globalized cultural diversity, multi-cultural exploration in architecture capitalizes on new innovative construction methods. The architectural outcomes of these cross-cultural modernized, buildings often enough, neglect local culture and local heritage, where the architecture dominates its environment, where foreign customs replace local, and where ‘local identity’ is lost. I have experienced this in my own country, Aotearoa (New Zealand), a nation enriched with Māori culture that is progressively becoming more neglected within its own environment, where foreign influences are replacing, or have little consideration of local culture and the local context. This dishearteningly made me wonder on a global scale, whether different culture’s ‘local identities’ have been neglected and/or replaced by foreign cultures. Within this thought, I hypothetically situated my-self in a foreign context with the aim to establish my own nation’s culture. Now how do I do so without neglecting the local culture and removing a sense of their ‘local identity’? How do I establish a sense of Aotearoa Māori culture abroad, that sympathetically interweaves local and foreign customs with respect to the physical environment and surrounding context? This design-led research aims to establish a cross-cultural theory of architecture that is expressive of two cultures. Exploration of multi-cultural practice within the discipline of architecture will be explored to unify a dialogue between two nation’s traditional architectures, that does not neglect or remove the ‘local identity’ of the local culture.</p>

Aotearoa Architecture Interwoven Abroad

<p>In an era of globalization and technological revolution, concurrent shifts in architectural styles are visually apparent. With endeavors to accommodate globalized cultural diversity, multi-cultural exploration in architecture capitalizes on new innovative construction methods. The architectural outcomes of these cross-cultural modernized, buildings often enough, neglect local culture and local heritage, where the architecture dominates its environment, where foreign customs replace local, and where ‘local identity’ is lost. I have experienced this in my own country, Aotearoa (New Zealand), a nation enriched with Māori culture that is progressively becoming more neglected within its own environment, where foreign influences are replacing, or have little consideration of local culture and the local context. This dishearteningly made me wonder on a global scale, whether different culture’s ‘local identities’ have been neglected and/or replaced by foreign cultures. Within this thought, I hypothetically situated my-self in a foreign context with the aim to establish my own nation’s culture. Now how do I do so without neglecting the local culture and removing a sense of their ‘local identity’? How do I establish a sense of Aotearoa Māori culture abroad, that sympathetically interweaves local and foreign customs with respect to the physical environment and surrounding context? This design-led research aims to establish a cross-cultural theory of architecture that is expressive of two cultures. Exploration of multi-cultural practice within the discipline of architecture will be explored to unify a dialogue between two nation’s traditional architectures, that does not neglect or remove the ‘local identity’ of the local culture.</p>

Modernizing Batik Clothes for Community Enterprises Using Creative Design and Colorimetry

The objective of this study was to modernize batik clothes, a cultural heritage of Southeast Asia, through creative design, color characterization, and collection presentation. Three community enterprises from the southern regions of Thailand participated in designing batik motifs based on their local identities. The pattern of the first manufacturer group was influenced by stones and ancient beads of vivid orange and blue shades. The second community was inspired by the nearby sea, resulting in ocean blue, white, and emerald green colors on batik fabrics. Floras in the south of Thailand dominated the design of the final manufacturer group. Smartphone colorimetry was then used to characterize the batik fabrics. It was demonstrated that this proposed color quantification was not confined to the laboratory, and could easily be carried out by vendors or customers. The collaboration encouraged local batik artisans to use a variety of inspirations, new tools, as well as professional design and production methods. To introduce modernized batik to the public, collections of these newly designed clothes were displayed in a fashion show staged under the theme “Southern Chic.” The presentation of Thai batik clothes in seasonal collections highlighted the transformations of local manufacturers and products with increasing appeal to younger people. In addition to conservation and commercial advantages, the modernized approach is accessible and attractive for education purposes, engaging students in cultural heritage. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01319 Full Text: PDF

Comparative Politics in Borderlands: Actors, Identities, and Strategies

Comparativists are increasingly researching national border regions. Yet the distinct way in which proximity to borders independently shapes politics is rarely theorized explicitly. Drawing on the emerging subdiscipline of border studies, we identify three types of border effects: Borders involve specific actors, shape local identities, and provide distinct strategies, each of which directly affects key areas of comparative politics. An in-depth review of work on political violence and state formation shows that specifying these effects ( a) demands that comparativists consider the ways in which borderlands differ from other regions and be careful in attributing processes found there to nations as a whole, ( b) improves theories by elucidating scope conditions, and ( c) scrutinizes the validity of our research designs and measurement strategies. We end with a call to move from a comparative politics in border regions to a comparative politics of border regions that contextualizes how borders alter political processes. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Political Science, Volume 25 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Introduction

The introduction sets out the purpose and scope of the book, identifying key questions to be addressed in terms of the relationship between landscape and perceptions. It also examines the existing literature of landscape and social history, and lays bare the gaps and limitations within it. The present study is framed as a highly original kind of post-processual analysis rigorously based on empirical data. The twin questions at the heart of the study are set out, namely ‘how were perceptions and local identities formed in relation to particular settings?’, and, secondly, ‘how did those perceptions and identities change as a result of social and landscape reorganization?’ It is argued that ordinary inhabitants played a strong role in shaping landscape change and creating their own social arenas within settlements. A long-lasting distinction between the area’s vale and Chiltern settlements is introduced. Terms such as ‘perception’ and ‘peasant’ are defined.

Continuity and Change in the Third Century

This chapter uses two case studies to explore how identities both changed and stayed the same under the changing conditions of the Hellenistic period. First, in southern Italy, Hellenic identity gained increasing prominence, especially at Taras, which understood the growing presence of non-Greeks (including Rome) as a barbarian invasion and invited Pyrrhus to assist it in support of Greekness. This discourse was not universal, however, since other cities such as Thurii were more concerned with local identities and resisting Tarantine imperialism. Second, Syracusan identity in the age of King Hieron II was articulated by three major factors: its sense of Greekness, emphasizing its role as defender of the Sicilian Greeks against barbarian enemies; the memory of the city’s past greatness, especially under the Deinomenids; and pride in its Dorian, Corinthian, and Peloponnesian origins.

Collective capabilities shape the co-production of nature’s contributions to people in the alpine agricultural system of the Maurienne valley, France

Nature’s contributions to people (NCP) do not flow automatically from ecosystems to society, but they result from a co-production process of interactions between societal and ecological systems. In this study, we used the collective capabilities approach to address the social dimensions of co-production of the material NCP of cheese. These are the benefits collective structures retrieve from social-ecological interactions that individuals could not have achieved on their own and which frequently exceed pure instrumental values. Collective structures mobilise different types of social capitals in order to generate these collective capabilities. Here, we specifically investigated linkages between collective capabilities and their contributions to common perceptions and local identities. We conducted 44 semi-structured interviews with two distinct different actors’ groups in a French Alpine agricultural system surrounding the production of the quality labelled Beaufort cow cheese. We analysed the interviews qualitatively and conducted quantitative analyses as well as content and sentiment analysis to identify the different levels and types of collective investment mobilised by actors to generate collective capabilities. We found that collective capabilities involved in NCP co-production contributed to common perceptions and to specific dimensions of local identities. These can be viewed as the results of relational value construction. Further, the analysis suggests that collective capability relies on dense social interactions between actors that contribute to a good quality of life in itself. This study advances previous attempts to further investigate the role of intra-societal relations for NCP co-production.