Preliminary Analysis and Evaluation of BDS-3 RDSS Timing Performance

Radio determination satellite service (RDSS) is one of the characteristic services of Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), and also distinguishes with other GNSS systems. BDS-3 RDSS adopts new signals, which is compatible with BDS-2 RDSS signals in order to guarantee the services of old users. Moreover, the new signals also separate civil signals and military signals which are modulated on different carriers to improve their isolation and RDSS service performance. Timing is an important part of RDSS service, which has been widely used in the field of the power, transportation, marine and others. Therefore, the timing accuracy, availability and continuity is an important guarantee for RDSS service. This paper summarizes the principle of one-way and two-way timing, and provides the evaluation method of RDSS timing accuracy, availability and continuity. Based on BDS-3 RDSS signal measurements of system, the performance of one-way timing and two-way timing is analyzed and evaluated for the first time. The results show that: (1) the accuracy of one-way timing and two-way timing is better than 30 ns and 8 ns respectively, which are better than the official claimed accuracy; (2) the RMS of one-way timing accuracy is 5.45 ns, which is 20% smaller than BDS-2, and the availability and continuity are 100%; (3) the RMS of two-way timing accuracy is 3.59 ns, which is 34% smaller than one-way timing, and both of the availability and continuity are 100%; (4) the orbit maneuver of GEO satellite make the one-way timing has 7.68 h recovery, but has no affection on the two-way timing.

Design and implementation of DA FIR filter for bio-inspired computing architecture

This paper elucidates the system construct of DA-FIR filter optimized for design of distributed arithmetic (DA) finite impulse response (FIR) filter and is based on architecture with tightly coupled co-processor based data processing units. With a series of look-up-table (LUT) accesses in order to emulate multiply and accumulate operations the constructed DA based FIR filter is implemented on FPGA. The very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL) is used implement the proposed filter and the design is verified using simulation. This paper discusses two optimization algorithms and resulting optimizations are incorporated into LUT layer and architecture extractions. The proposed method offers an optimized design in the form of offers average miminimizations of the number of LUT, reduction in populated slices and gate minimization for DA-finite impulse response filter. This research paves a direction towards development of bio inspired computing architectures developed without logically intensive operations, obtaining the desired specifications with respect to performance, timing, and reliability.

Embedded System Hardware

In this chapter, we will present the interface between the physical environment and information processing (the cyphy-interface) together with the hardware required for processing, storing, and communicating information. Due to considering CPS, covering the cyphy-interface is indispensable. The need to cover other hardware components as well is a consequence of their impact on the performance, timing characteristics, power consumption, safety, and security.

Considering Unintended Consequences: Evidence From Recent Evaluations of U.S. Foreign Assistance Programs

This article examines factors that could have influenced whether evaluations of U.S. government–funded foreign assistance programs completed in 2015 had considered unintended consequences. Logit regression models indicate that the odds of considering unintended consequences were increased when all or most of seven standard data collection methods had been used, and there were some agency effects; however, no associations were found with evaluation type (impact vs. performance), timing, or whether evaluations were conducted by external evaluators. These results suggest that some proportion of the evaluations that did not consider unintended consequences would have considered such consequences if they had employed more data collection methods. Moreover, few of the evaluations that considered unintended consequences provided many details about their investigative methodologies or the consequences themselves, which raises further concerns that users might not have received information that would have helped for learning or accountability purposes.

Electrical Invasiveness of Grinding and Polishing Silicon Integrated Circuits Down to 1 μm Remaining Silicon Thickness

Anticipating the end of life for IR-based failure analysis techniques, a method of global backside preparation to ultra-thin remaining silicon thickness (RST) has been developed. When the remaining silicon is reduced, some redistribution of stress is expected, possibly altering the performance (timing) of integrated circuits in addition to electron-hole pair generation. In this work, a study of the electrical invasiveness due to grinding and polishing silicon integrated circuits to ultra-thin (< 5 um global, ~ 1 um local) remaining thickness is presented.

Pattern and Variation in the Timing of Aksak Meter: Commentary on Goldberg

In a chronometric timing study of percussive accompaniment in two recorded live performances from south-eastern Europe, Daniel Goldberg (2015) focuses on timing variations that relate to several levels of grouping structure and musical form. This commentary puts the target study into the context of performance timing research, confirms its empirical validity by a replication of core findings using a slightly different chronometric protocol, and finds a systematic variation of same-category durations within each bar, suggesting that a metric timing pattern (London 2012) might play a role. Finally, I argue that Goldberg’s analysis speaks of both variation <em>and</em> stability of performance timing patterns. While this statement is near banal, it cannot be easily explained, in the studied context of an asymmetric 3-beat/7-subdivisions aksak meter ( | x . . x . x . | ), by contemporary conceptualizations of the cognitive processes that constitute reference frameworks for musical rhythm performance and perception (e.g., metric projection, beat induction, or dynamic attending).