Contemplating the traditional rural architecture of Nalanda: A case study

The fundamental purpose of a building is to provide a comfortable and safe living environment, which protects from the extremes of surrounding environment, as well as give an opportunity of physical and psychosomatic development. The traditional buildings evolved gradually to meet the eventually changing human needs and lifestyle over a period of time, integrates the environmental and socioeconomic characters of the society in a well manner. These buildings have attained deep reconciliation with site surroundings, and thus, have minimal environmental impact. In spite of rapidly growing concept of advanced technological approach towards sustainability, the concept of indigenous technology and traditional architecture plays an active role. The main objective of this paper is to understand the principles and strategies for sustainability from traditional rural architecture and indigenous technologies. The methodology adopted is documentation of a traditional rural house of Nalanda, India, and analyse the environmental and socioeconomic aspects. The data has been collected from surveys, site measurements, literature, and other secondary sources. The thermal performance of a traditional house is analysed through computer aided simulations in the present investigation. This paper concludes with an appreciation of principles of traditional rural architecture and advocates their integration in the present scenario.

MOSCOW’S INFLUENCE IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF RURAL CLASSICAL CHURCHES IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

A study done at the expense of the State program of the Russian Federation “Science and technology” in the framework of the plan of basic scientifi c research Ministry of Russia and the RUSSIAN. In the article, an att empt has been made to the analysis of a wide range of issues related to the formation of the rural architecture of Orthodox churches in the territory of the Middle Volga region in the 19th century. Considered layout, composition and stylistic features of the architecture of Orthodox churches in the region. Peculiarities of regional religious architecture of the Middle Volga region. Provides extensive material fi eld surveys.

The Vernacular and Rural Houses of Agrarian Areas in the Zeta Region, Montenegro

Architectural quality and preservation of rural characteristics is a goal of building design for sustainable environments. The environment has a different function for different societies, creating a large variety of meanings. In the Zeta region of Montenegro, the negative transformation of the rural environment is happening more rapidly than the recording of its traditional built assets. Protection and conservation of traditional rural architecture in this rural region of south-eastern Europe are important to both mitigation of the consequences of unsustainable rural shifts and the preservation of cultural heritage. This research focuses on the meaning of the different dwelling and residential environment features for the residents of the traditional houses of the rural areas of the Zeta region, Montenegro. The aim of the research was to obtain more insight and information on the meaning of architectural and rural design features by exploring the sustainability-related characteristics of traditional rural houses in the so-far insufficiently studied micro-region of the western Balkans to reveal their value and to initiate discussion of the role of heritage regeneration in sustainable rural development. Fifty (50) traditional houses of agrarian and rural areas of the Zeta region of Montenegro were observed and analysed in terms of the building site, space planning of the interior space, and building materials used. The analysis has revealed that many ecological aspects were taken into consideration and different methods were implemented during the construction of the traditional houses of the Zeta region. Taking into consideration the age of those structures, the constructors did not have an in-depth awareness of sustainability theories, and they were acting based on their personal practices and specific environmental requirements. This study’s results can help update a database of sustainability for the traditional architectural heritage of Montenegro, which will enhance the process of creating sustainable buildings without losing the place identity and staying in the same cultural context. Restoration of the traditional houses of the Zeta region of Montenegro, but also of the other rural areas of Montenegro, must in future be defined in a way that enables the preservation of recognized general values and further improvement of environmental quality and climate resilience. Simultaneously, functional reactivation of traditional houses should be understood as a contribution to the sustainable development of the studied region of Montenegro.

Barn Adaptation: A Proposal To Protect Rural Architecture

The countryside that surrounds the Greater Toronto Area possesses a significant amount of Canada's prime farmland. However, to accommodate urban growth, this precious resource is being converted to provide urban developments. The area of interest for this thesis is the rural-urban fringe, a zone of transition between working farms, rural communities and urban residential developments. The developments that are built in this area illustrate a common development approach, the elimination of all obstacles, including farmland and rural architecture. This thesis introduces the concept of an alternative approach for suburban development, one that presents a compromise between rural and urban needs. At the heart of this concept is the design project, the adaptive reuse of a barn that serves as a tool to communicate the unique qualities of these monumental buildings. It also identifies the need to rethink suburban development approaches to include the preservation of rural architecture and prime farmland.

Barn Adaptation: A Proposal To Protect Rural Architecture

The countryside that surrounds the Greater Toronto Area possesses a significant amount of Canada's prime farmland. However, to accommodate urban growth, this precious resource is being converted to provide urban developments. The area of interest for this thesis is the rural-urban fringe, a zone of transition between working farms, rural communities and urban residential developments. The developments that are built in this area illustrate a common development approach, the elimination of all obstacles, including farmland and rural architecture. This thesis introduces the concept of an alternative approach for suburban development, one that presents a compromise between rural and urban needs. At the heart of this concept is the design project, the adaptive reuse of a barn that serves as a tool to communicate the unique qualities of these monumental buildings. It also identifies the need to rethink suburban development approaches to include the preservation of rural architecture and prime farmland.

Functional And Economic Features Of The Organization Of The System Of Public Buildings In Rural Architecture

The article defines the types of public buildings that provide the rural population with a full range of cultural and social services. Also, when designing these buildings, 5 design methods were chosen and their functional and economic efficiency was taken into account. Design using these techniques can save community resources as well as provide equal services to rural and urban populations.

Materialisation of the Good Life in the New House

Over the past two decades, Chinese rural architecture has experienced dramatic changes through the Building the Chinese Socialist New Village movement. Thousands of new houses, particularly in the model of the New Village, have risen abruptly out of the ground. These Western-style new houses with a garden (huayuan yangfang), which often appear in the media as typical family houses in Western society, largely represent the image of the good life of the state and the peasant in contemporary China. In this article, I focus on how the family house is produced and consumed in Baikou New Village in south China. By presenting the materiality of the dwelling space, this paper probes the intertwined processes of the materialisation of the blueprint of the good life and how the new houses influence family life (especially intergenerational relationships) in post-socialist Baikou New Village.

Macedonian Architecture From 19th Century in The Village of Leshok, Republic of Macedonia

INTRODUCTION: The old rural architecture in Macedonia is insufficiently studied and in many villages is in the process of extinction, especially in Western Macedonia where there are many villages whose inhabitants have emigrated. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this research is the folk architecture of the house in the village of Leshok, near Tetovo, and getting acquainted with the other types of objects that are part of the rural-economic yard and are inextricably linked to the daily work, life and customs of the peasant from this region. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For analysis of the traditional architecture of the houses in the village of Leshok from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, 10 typical houses with different structure and location are chosen, which are identified and displayed by the Google Earth search engine. RESULTS: The basic characteristics of the architecture of the village house in Leshok are explained, where the economic yard together with the economic objects are included. The functional solutions of the foundations of houses from the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century are shown, the constructions used in the house of Leshok are described, as well as the materials that were used for their construction. In the end we get acquainted with the interior and the design of the premises in the old Macedonian house. CONCLUSION: Leshok belongs to the group of mountain villages of compact type. The configuration of the terrain, the dead riverbed, dictated the way of construction, where the houses are placed one above the other and each has a clear view of the valley. In that way, the basic architectural features of the Leshok house are formed. It is a typical mountain house built of stone and wood, on two floors and with an open veranda.

On the flood paradigm of aqua-geological arrangement of the future rural architecture

High waters systematically flood large areas and villages with their agricultural lands. People, livestock and crops perish on a huge scale. This situation should be accepted as a living condition, not an emergency. For this we need to radically reconstruct the buildings and architectural landscapes so that the floods stop being destructive. A variant of floating villages and their buildings, structures, and roads based on pontoon-pile systems and the creation of modular pontoon parks is proposed in this paper. The scale of the phenomenon requires the introduction of an appropriate national project.