Research on Book Recommendation Algorithm Based on Collaborative Filtering and Interest Degree

With the increase of library collections, it is difficult for readers to quickly find the books they want when choosing books. Book recommendation system is becoming more and more important. Based on the previous research, this paper proposes a book recommendation algorithm based on collaborative filtering and interest. Take the interest of the book itself as an important measurement index, including the number of searches, borrowing time, borrowing times, borrowing interval, and renewal times. Through the analysis of MAE and RMSE experiments, the results show that the method proposed in this paper converges faster than the traditional method.

Verification of a clocking scheme that enables operation based on typical-case delays

Computer architects have delivered a ten-fold increase in processing speed of processors in 10 years with different strategies to reflect the changing characteristics of semiconductors, by increasing clock speed in 1990s and by increasing the number of executed instructions in a clock cycle after 2000. Behind this change in the strategies is the fact that it has not been possible to reduce the power supply voltage far below 1V. Then, the power consumption and the resultant heat have been the main factors limiting chip performance. Variation - particularly within-die (WID) random variation - is one of the main reasons for this limitation. As the circuit elements in semiconductor chips become ever smaller, even a variation as small as one atom has an impact on the performance of the circuit elements produced. Thus, it is essentially difficult to solve this problem by semiconductor technology, and circuit- and architecture-level technologies are needed to mitigate the problem. The authors have uncovered a phenomenon that occurred when dynamic timing error detection is applied to a two-phase latch clocking circuit. The normal process in conventional circuits means that, even though the previous steps in processing sequence typically complete in much shorter time, subsequent steps must always wait until the time estimated to be needed in the worst-case passes. The cycle time of the clock is determined by this worst-case time. On the other hand, proposed scheme shortens the cycle time allowing the subsequent steps to start as soon as the previous steps complete. In other words, the subsequent steps can dynamically borrow unused waiting time from the preceding steps. If the cycle time of conventional circuits without this dynamic time borrowing is shortened, timing faults occur too frequently, imposing a recovery penalty that can nullify any performance gain realised. The lower limit of the clock cycle is given by the limit to correctly detect timing errors and decreased by half from the conventional systems. This timing budget can also be used to lower the supply voltage.

Timing violation reduction in the FPGA prototyped design using failed path fixes and time borrowing techniques

<span>A fascinating property of a latch-based design is that the combinational path delay is allowed to be longer than the clock cycle as it can borrow time from the shorter paths in the subsequent logic states. Time borrowing technique is a common method used to satisfy timing violation in an FPGA prototyped design. The purpose of this paper is to review the current methodology involved in SoC design prototyping using a Synopsys Protocompiler and HAPS-80 platform and propose an approach by fixing the failed path in a latch due to the gated clock conversion (GCC) process during the synthesis stage which could lead to the timing violation. Two techniques are applied in this paper namely time borrowing technique and our proposed technique, Failed Path Fixes to reduce the timing violation in the FPGA prototyped design. The result shows that the applied techniques are able to close the timing violation in the design with an average of 90% improvement.</span>

Transformation of Early Christian Ideas about Judaism (Based on the Analysis of Christian Polemic Literature of the II-III c. and its Historical and Cultural Context)

II–III c. gave the world what is now called “Judaism” and “Christianity”. Two religions, which are now perceived as original and separate from each other, at that time had many intersection points. Christianity had not yet rid itself of its Jewish past, and in the Jewish environment there were many people who accepted Jesus’ messianism and converted to a new faith. However, more gentiles people in the II c. come to the Christian community, while the Jewish are closing themselves from the outside world. Christian literature directed against the Jews (Adversus Judaeos) contributed to this. Although studying the treatises created in this period from in different provinces of the Roman Empire, we can see how much more refined and reasoned these works become. However, it is evident that, in the process of the development of the Adversus Judaeos texts Christian authors rarely invest their own knowledge of Judaism, but only draw us the image of the Jew of that time, borrowing arguments from the writings of their predecessors. In this article we will trace the transformation of the image of the Jews and the emergence of the concept of “Judaism” in the Christian environment on the basis of three polemic works — Justin’s “Dialogue with Trypho” (mid-2nd c.), “On the Passover” by Melito (160–170) and Tertullian’s “Against the Jews” (2nd half of 3rd c). At the same time, the analysis of the historical and cultural context of the places there the treatises were created, shows that the extent to which the image of Judaism was perceived in the Christian anti-Judaic treatises was influenced by the position of these two communities in ancient society. Furthermore, the notion “Judaism” emerges in the Christian environment, which Christian authors counter posed to “Christianity”, creating a counterculture, through which they indicated the distinctive features of their religion, showed its advantage.