Sero-Prevalence of IgG Rubella Antibodies in Indian Adolescent Women from Tertiary Care Hospitals, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India

Rubella causes a mild self‑limiting illness in children with fever and rash, however in pregnant women, rubella infection causes miscarriage, fetal death, or an infant born with congenital birth defects known as congenital rubella syndrome. The present study attempts to investigate the seroprevalence of IgG rubella antibodies in Indian adolescent girls. The study being a cross -sectional hospital based, was carried at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology OPD and ward at Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute (MMCHRI), Enathur, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India. In all the cases the association was statistically not significant (P value>0.05) when compared with joint family. The odds of Rubella IgG positive was 0.656 times in nuclear family and the association was statistically not significant (P value>0.05) when compared with several children in three. The odds of Rubella IgG positive were 1.711 times in only 1 child, the odds of Rubella IgG positive in 2 children were 1.371 times. In the present study we conclude that the statistically no significant association between the socioeconomic status, parents’ age, father’s education level, father’s employment status, mother’s education level, mother’s employment status, and Rubella IgG status.

DETERMINAN PERILAKU REMAJA PUTRI DALAM KEBERSIHAN GENETALIA SAAT MENSTRUASI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

ABSTRAKMenstruasi pada remaja putri merupakan topik yang menarik untuk diteliti. Hygiene menstruasi yang buruk hingga saat ini masih menjadi permasalahan di negara berkembang. Personal hygiene saat menstruasi merupakan salah satu cara untuk meminimalkan terjadinya penyakit. Panti asuhan putri Aisyiyah merupakan salah satu panti asuhan yang berada di wilayah Tuntang Kabupaten Semarang. Panti asuhan ini memiliki 60 santri dan pengurus panti sebanyak 3 orang. Santri masuk dalam kategori usia remaja yang semua mengalami mentruasi sehingga perlu diteliti bagaimana perilaku kebersihan genetalia saat mentruasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui determinan perilaku remaja putri dalam kebersihan genetalia saat menstruasi pada masa pandemi covid-19. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif survei, Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2021. Sumber data yang digunakan data primer. Analisis data menggunakan Kendall Tau. Hasil penelitian ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan responden dengan perilaku kebersihan genetalia saat menstruasi. ada hubungan antara sikap responden dengan perilaku kebersihan genetalia saat menstruasi. ada hubungan antara sumber informasi dengan perilaku kebersihan genetalia saat menstruasi. Saran perlu adanya kelas parenting yang membahas tentang kebutuhan seputar remaja putri yang tidak hanya terbatas pada mentruasi saja sehingga semakin banyak sumber informasi seputar remaja menjadikan remaja lebih smart dalma mejalani masa remajanya.Kata Kunci : Determinan, Remaja Putri, Kebersihan Genetalia, Menstruasi.BEHAVIORAL DETERMINANTS OF ADOLESCENT WOMEN IN GENETAL CLEANLINESS DURING MENSTRUATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMICABSTRACTMenstruation in adolescent girls is an interesting topic to study. Poor menstrual hygiene is still a problem in developing countries. Personal hygiene during menstruation is one way to minimize the occurrence of disease. Aisyiyah women's orphanage is one of the orphanages located in the Tuntang area, Semarang Regency. This orphanage has 60 students and 3 administrators. Santri are included in the category of adolescent age who all experience menstruation, so it is necessary to investigate how the behavior of genital hygiene during menstruation is needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the behavioral determinants of adolescent girls in genital hygiene during menstruation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method in this research is a descriptive survey. The data collection instrument uses a questionnaire, the research is carried out in August 2021. The data source used is primary data. Data analysis using Kendall Tau. The results of the study there is a relationship between the level of knowledge of respondents with genital hygiene behavior during menstruation. there is a relationship between the attitude of the respondents with the behavior of genital hygiene during menstruation. there is a relationship between the source of information with genital hygiene behavior during menstruation. Suggestions for the need for parenting classes that discuss the needs of young women are not only limited to menstruation, so that more sources of information about teenagers make teenagers smarter in their teenage years.Keyword : Determinants, Adolescent Girls, Genital Hygiene, Menstruation.

Association between Teenage Pregnancy and Family Factors: An Analysis of the Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey 2017

Adolescence is a key developmental period in one’s life course; health-related behaviors of adolescents can be linked to lifelong consequences, which affect their future health. Previous studies highlight the role of family and its significant association with adolescents’ health. In East Asia and the Pacific, the Philippines is the only country that is showing an upward trend of teenage pregnancy while other countries in the region have declining teenage pregnancy rates. Against this backdrop, this study investigated the association between teenage pregnancy and family factors, specifically parent structure. Data for the study were extracted from the Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey 2017. All adolescent women aged 15–19 years old (n = 5120) were included in the analyses. The dependent variable was teenage pregnancy, while parent structure, defined as a presence or absence of parents in the domicile, was the exposure variable. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized in assessing the association of teenage pregnancy and family factors after adjusting for several potential confounders. Adolescent women were more likely to become pregnant as a teenager when they lived with neither parent (aOR = 4.57, 95% CI = 2.56–8.15), were closer to 19 years of age (aOR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.91–2.46), had knowledge of contraception (aOR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.22–1.32) and lived in a big family (aOR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.09, 1.20). Furthermore, adolescent women who lived with neither parent and belonged to the poorest wealth quintile were more likely to become pregnant as a teenager (aOR = 3.55, 95% CI = 1.67–7.55). Conversely, educational attainment higher than secondary education (aOR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.01–0.49) and those who belonged to the richest wealth quintile (aOR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.18–0.92) exhibited a statistically inverse association with teenage pregnancy compared with those with no education and from the middle wealth quintile, respectively. Living with neither parent was found as a risk factor for teenage pregnancy. Furthermore, we found that several sociodemographic factors exhibited a non-uniform increment and reduction in the risk of teenage pregnancy.

Underweight, Overweight and Obesity among Reproductive Bangladeshi Women: A Nationwide Survey

The double burden of malnutrition is becoming more prevalent among Bangladeshi women. Underweight, overweight, and obesity were examined among women aged 15–49 years using the 2017–2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). A dataset of 20,127 women aged 15–49 years with complete Body Mass Index (BMI) measurements were extracted and categorized as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. A multiple logistic regression that adjusts for clustering and sampling weights was used to examine underweight, overweight, and obesity among reproductive age Bangladeshi women. Our analyses revealed that the odds of being overweight and obese were higher among women who completed primary and secondary or more levels of education, rich households, breastfeeding women, and women exposed to media (newspapers and television (TV). Women from the poorest households were significantly more likely to be underweight (AOR = 3.86, 95%CI: 2.94–5.07) than women from richer households. The likelihood of being underweight was higher among women with no schooling, adolescent women, and women not using contraceptives. Conclusions: Overweight and obesity was higher among educated and affluent women while underweight was higher among women from low socioeconomic status, indicating that tailored messages to combat overweight and obesity should target educated and affluent Bangladeshi women while improving nutrition among women from low socioeconomic status.

Posttraumatic Growth pada Remaja Wanita yang Mengalami Kekerasan dalam Pacaran Ditinjau dari Perceived Social Support dan Variabel Demografi

Dating violence cases are increasing every year in Indonesia. Despite violence being one of the traumatic events, it does not rule out the possibility that the survivors experienced growth after trauma called posttraumatic growth (PTG). This study aims to determine the contribution of perceived social support (PSS) towards posttraumatic growth (PTG) among adolescent women who experienced dating violence (n = 308). This research is a quantitative study, with an F-Soz U K-14 questionnaire (α = 0.817) to measure PSS and PTGI-SF scale (α = 0.89) to measure PTG. Using statistical regression was found that PSS had a significant role towards PTG (R2 = .186, p = .000). The result of this study can be useful as a basis in educating the importance of support given by significant others for adolescent women exposed to violence during or after the violence happened.

Trend and Determinants of Abortions among Adolescent Women in Rural Matlab, Bangladesh: Evidence a Prospective Cohort Study

Background:Every year about 2.5 million adolescents have unsafe abortions. In Bangladesh, data on incidence of abortion suffer from under-reporting and incomplete record keeping in cases of adolescent women. So, we proposed a study to estimate level and determinants of adolescent abortions in Matlab in Bangladesh. Methods:This study analyzed vital events recorded by Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) from a well-defined population during 2007-2015. HDSS is operating since 1966, HDSS area was divided into two halves; icddr,b provides quality maternal and family planning (MNCH/FP) services in one half and another half receives government standard MNCH/FP services. Female community health research workers visit bi-monthly women at their home to identify pregnancy and record vital events and migration. Woman’s age in most cases is known by date of birth. Study Population: Women, who had pregnancy outcomes before age of 20 years were the study population. This resulted in a final sample of 5,715 adolescent women who become pregnant between this age.Result:There were 5,715 adolescents in the HDSS database have complete birth form for every pregnancy outcome who become pregnant outcomes between 2007 and 2015. The adolescent abortion rates were Lower (by 18%) in ISA than GSA; higher among mothers who have primary and higher education and who are pregnant for the first time Conclusion: This study has estimated the first time the adolescent abortion rate in Bangladesh and reveals that MCH-FP services lower abortion rate. Reducing abortion among adolescent, post-abortion education and family planning services are needed.

FEATURES OF PREGNANCY AND DELIVERY IN ADOLESCENT WOMEN

Aim: to assess the risk of adverse consequences of adolescent pregnancy for mother and foetus in women from Lviv region. Material and methods. Complications of pregnancy and childbirth in adolescent women were studied retrospectively at the Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital. Results and discussion. 134 cases of adolescent childbirths for 2013 to 2017 were analyzed. The analysis of data on the course of pregnancy in adolescent women showed that the vast majority of them had complicated pregnancy and were at risk of preterm childbirth. A significant proportion of young women, 78 (58.2%), significantly more often required the therapy during pregnancy. Assessment of the health status of newborns showed that ¼ (24.6%) of young women gave birth to premature babies, and almost 1/3 of children, 51 (38.0%), from young mothers had a complicated early neonatal period. Within the spectrum of complications, the commonest diagnosis was "prematurity" in 33 (24.6%) children from young mothers. The pathological course of the early neonatal period in 51 (38.0%) children of the main group required transfer to other departments for further treatment. 82 (61.2%) children from this group were discharged home, while in the control group all 100 (100.0%) children were discharged from maternity home. Conclusions. The study has demonstrated that the risk factors for perinatal pathology in newborns from adolescent women included probably complicated pregnancy, risk of spontaneous abortion (17.9%), preterm birth (24.6%), and the childbirth of premature infants with impaired condition at birth, who needed treatment in other medical institutions (38.0%). Adolescent pregnant women are at risk for obstetric and perinatal complications.

Obesity Related Glomerulopathy in adolescent women: the effect of Body Surface Area

Background: Adolescent obesity, a risk factor for cardio-renal morbidity in adulthood, has reached epidemic proportions. Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) has an early reversible stage of hyperfiltration. Age-appropriate formulae for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which are standardized to ideal body surface area (BSA) and provide assessment of kidney function in mL/min/1.73 m2 units, may underestimate prevalence of early ORG. We investigated whether adjusting eGFR to actual BSA more readily identifies early ORG. Methods: We studied a cohort of 22,417 young individuals ages 12-21 years from a New York metropolitan multi-institutional electronic health records clinical data base. eGFR was calculated in two ways: BSA-standardized eGFR; and absolute eGFR. Hyperfiltration was defined above a threshold of 135mL/min/1.73 m2 or 135 mL/min, respectively. The prevalence of hyperfiltration according to each formula was assessed in parallel to creatinine clearance. Results: Serum creatinine values and hyperfiltration prevalence according to BSA-standardized eGFR were similar, 13.4-15.3%, across Body Mass Index (BMI) groups. The prevalence of hyperfiltration determined by absolute eGFR differed across BMI groups: Underweight - 2.3%; Normal 6.1%; Overweight - 17.4%; Obese - 31.4%. This trend paralleled the rise in creatinine clearance across BMI groups. Conclusions: Absolute eGFR more readily identifies early ORG than the currently used formulae, which are adjusted to a standardized BSA, not representative of current population BMI measures. Using Absolute eGFR in clinical practice and research may improve the ability to identify, intervene and reverse early ORG, which has great importance with increasing obesity rates.

Description of Knowledge and Behavior Levels About Breast Examination (Best Self-Examination) in Adolescent Women

Breast self-examination (BSE) is done by feeling and looking at the breast itself to see the possibility of physical changes in the breast. This process is carried out so that all changes that lead to more serious conditions can be detected early. Breasts will generally feel different during menstruation. Before and during this period, most women feel that their breasts are getting tighter and denser. Therefore, women need to do a breast self-examination (BSE) every 1 month, to find out whether there is a change in the shape of the breast from time to time. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge and behavior about breast self-examination (Aware) in young women. The research used is qualitative research using a descriptive observational study design, namely conducting in-depth interviews with 4 informants which are by the interview guidelines. Based on the results of the study, 4 respondents had been interviewed according to the addresses of their respective researchers, respondents according to the characteristics of the study. And respondents have good enough knowledge about breast self-examination (BSE), respondents also behave to check their breasts regularly after menstruation.