Comparison of Clinical, Radiological and Laboratory Findings in Discharged and Dead Patients With COVID-19 in Ilam Province, West of Iran

Objective: COVID-19 is the last global threat which WHO confirmed it as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. In the Middle East, Iran was the first country where the SARS-Cov-2 was detected. The epidemiological and economic challenges of Iran make this country a particularly relevant subject of study. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical, radiological and laboratory findings in hospitalized COVID-19 confirmed cases in Ilam province, west of Iran.Material and methods:Overall, 2204 hospitalized RT-PCR confirmed patients with COVID-19 were considered in this study. Electronic medical records, including clinical symptoms, radiological images, laboratory findings, and the comorbidities of patients with COVID-19 were collected and analyzed. In addition, the medication regimens used in these patients were evaluated. The patients were classified in discharged and died groups according to their outcomes. Then, clinical, radiological and laboratory findings as well as treatment regimens and underlying diseases were compared in these two groups.Results:Among the patients, 1209 (54.85%) were male and 995 (45.14%) were female. Pneumonia, dyspnea and cough, were the most common clinical data in both discharged and died groups. Among the comorbidities, COPD, and cancer were significantly more common in the dead patients than in the living. The results of laboratory tests showed that blood creatinine, BUN, ESR, Na+, WBC, and neutrophil count have increased in deceased group compared to the survivors. However, the lymphocyte count decreased in deceased patients. The evaluation of radiographs demonstrated that there were significant correlations between bilateral pneumonia, ground glass opacity, bilateral patchy shadowing, and pleural effusion with death. Conclusion:The current investigation indicated the special profile of COVID-19 in west of Iran. Discharged and dead patients with COVID-19 had distinct clinical, radiological and laboratory features, which were separated by principle component analysis. Identifying these characteristics of the disease would translate into the implementation of practical measures to improve results.

DETERMINATION OF THE CONDITIONS FOR APPLYING THE TECHNOLOGY OF TARGET GRAVITY BRAKING OF UNCOUPLED CARS

Improving the efficiency of the process of train uncoupling remains one of the mosturgent problems in railway transport. The priority areas for solving this problem today include thedevelopment and implementation of integrated automation systems for hump technologies, the use ofartificial intelligence in decision support systems and procedures for calculating the controlparameters of car retarders. These systems provide high accuracy in designing and implementingcontrol actions, taking into account indeterminacy and multiple random parameters.However, a number of factors that are quite difficult to take into account, predict, or formalize.Such factors include the technical condition of rail car retarders, their random brakingcharacteristics, constant changes in wind speed and direction, the condition of wheel pairs, theresponse rate of hump operators, and others. These factors can have significant impact on the qualityof the marshalling process, even on automated marshalling humps.To increase the efficiency of the train uncoupling technology, researchers have developed anumber of scientific approaches and technical solutions: approaches to control using the equipmentfor controlling the speed of rolling uncoupled cars in automated mode have been formed, new designsof car retarders have been developed and the existing ones were improved, optimizing methods forbraking modes of uncoupled cars, the longitudinal profile of marshalling humps and the design ofhump necks have been proposed. The introduction of target gravity braking technology for uncouples cars is one of the ways toimprove the efficiency of the marshalling process. This technology can be implemented provided thata special profile design of the marshalling device is used.To determine the conditions for applying the target gravity braking technology for uncoupledcars, simulation modeling of rolling of model cars in favorable and unfavorable meteorologicalconditions was carried out.The results of simulation modeling showed that the proposed technology can be definitely used,if the number of tracks in the marshalling yard is up to 32 and estimated wind speeds up to 6 m/s,when it provides an uncoupling rate of up to 1,8 m/s. If the marshalling yard has a larger number oftracks and/or in case of powerful winds, the technology can be applied if the uncoupling rate isreduced. In this case, the feasibility of using the technology should be verified with technical andeconomic calculations.

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ACCESSIBILITY AND ADAPTATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION AT GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The article is devoted to the issue of adaptation under the conditions of inclusive education of children with disabilities in a unified educational space, which is an irreversible process at the present stage of the development of society and its humanistic values. It is established that the realization of these conditions requires breaking down some stereotypes and mastering new forms of work by all participants of the educational process. It is revealed that the education of children with disabilities in the conditions of mass secondary educational institutions is an acute problem for the Ukrainian state, which is experiencing the stage of becoming an insufficient perception of pedagogical innovation not only by parents but also by the teachers themselves. The education of children with needs of physical and mental development correction is based on the principles of balanced pedagogy, focused on the needs of children, which requires a certain level of staffing of specialists of a special profile, means, and conditions for providing psychological and pedagogical assistance. It is emphasized that inclusive education is useful for children with special educational needs (with disabilities) as well as for children with typical development, family members and society as a whole. It is established that the practice of "involving" children with disabilities should be an integral part of national plans to achieve education for all without restrictions, and the organization of conditions for the adaptation of children with disabilities – an integral part of the pedagogical strategy and, undoubtedly, a new social and economic policy. It is argued that this requires a pivotal reform of secondary schools.

Enhancement of the thermoelectric properties in bilayer graphene structures induced by Fano resonances

Fano resonances of bilayer graphene could be attractive for thermoelectric devices. The special profile presented by such resonances could significantly enhance the thermoelectric properties. In this work, we study the thermoelectric properties of bilayer graphene single and double barrier structures. The barrier structures are typically supported by a substrate and encapsulated by protecting layers, reducing considerably the phonon thermal transport. So, we will focus on the electronic contribution to the thermal transport. The charge carriers are described as massive chiral particles through an effective Dirac-like Hamiltonian. The Hybrid matrix method and the Landauer–Büttiker formalism are implemented to obtain the transmission, transport and thermoelectric properties. The temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient, the power factor, the figure of merit and the efficiency is analyzed for gapless single and double barriers. We find that the charge neutrality point and the system resonances shape the thermoelectric response. In the case of single barriers, the low-temperature thermoelectric response is dominated by the charge neutrality point, while the high-temperature response is determined by the Fano resonances. In the case of double barriers, Breit–Wigner resonances dominate the thermoelectric properties at low temperatures, while Fano and hybrid resonances become preponderant as the temperature rises. The values for the figure of merit are close to two for single barriers and above three for double barriers. The system resonances also allows us to optimize the output power and the efficiency at low and high temperatures. By computing the density of states, we also corroborate that the improvement of the thermoelectric properties is related to the accumulation of electron states. Our findings indicate that bilayer graphene barrier structures can be used to improve the response of thermoelectric devices.

Skogler: Photography at the Service of Falangism (Zaragoza, July 1936)

This article analyses the role of ‘Skogler’ (Ángel Cortés Gracia), a photographer who worked for the insurgent Falangist forces in the city of Zaragoza, the capital of Aragón, from the beginning of the Spanish Civil War. Skogler’s strong and early ties to the fascist movement, going back years before the war, suggest a special profile of an individual who supported the Falangist party by means of visual propaganda and printed photographs. Most of the photographs selected for study here have never been published before. They were shot in the early days of the military uprising against the Republic and help give us a more accurate understanding of armed fascism in the Aragonese capital, which ultimately fell to the rebels. This paper is part of an ongoing research project and exhibition to analyse and describe the contents and physical characteristics of the Skogler Archive, composed of more than 3,500 negatives recovered in diverse chronological phases.

European Educational Policies on Teacher Training for Early Childhood Education

Nowadays, for entire world is consider a priority to invest in Early childhood education and to realize upon this European educational Policies. On September 2019, the European Commission had published the comparative report about Data on Childhood Education and Care in Europe and this document describes the main policy measures to ensure access specifying which countries guarantee a place in Early Childhood Education and Care from which age and it show how investment in this field have many benefits in entire life of this people. In many educational policies are highlighted the values of early age education and their effects on the children’s social and emotional integration within that society. In these debates, many countries focus their educational policies to teacher training for early childhood education and we described in this chapter. We propose a special profile and competence of this teacher for early childhood education.

Establishment of Highest Bureaucratic Elite in Russian Empire in 19th— Early 20th Centuries: Education and Professional Qualifications

The issue of the role of education and professional qualifications in the establishment of the highest bureaucratic elite in the Russian Empire in the 19th — early 20th centuries is considered in the article. Particular attention is paid to the availability of special (profile) education for ministers and department directors of the main civilian departments. The connection between the attempt to differentiate the requirements for the educational qualification of officials de-pending on the type of service at the beginning of the 19th century, on the one hand, and projects to abolish civil ranks, on the other are analyzed. The results of a comparative analysis of information about education and service experience of representatives of the highest bureaucracy of various departments are presented. Special attention is paid to medical and “technical” departments, the leadership of which required special qualifications. It is shown that legal education has come to be considered a profile qualification not only for the judicial, but also for the administrative service. The age characteristics of Russian ministers at the time of their occupation of ministerial posts are given. It has been proved that the problem of raising the educational level of the Russian bureaucracy was largely solved for the upper and middle level of the Russian bureaucracy by the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, but the problem of professional qualifications still existed, although significant steps were taken to resolve it.

High-Skilled vs. Low-Skilled Migrant Women: the Use of Competencies and Knowledge—Theoretical and Political Implications: an Example of the Elderly Care Sector in Poland

This paper presents the influx of migrants into the elderly care sector in Poland, which, until recently, has been perceived as a country that “exports” caregivers. It describes the results of 31 individual in-depth interviews conducted with immigrant women who take care of elderly in Poland. The purpose of the study was to determine the profile of an immigrant taking up work in the elderly care sector, including the specification of their education level and competencies. It was determined that 55% of the respondents have higher education, including over 20% with a degree in nursing or physiotherapeutic education. It was established that, when analysing migrants in the care sector, it seems necessary not to divide migrants based on their education level (high- vs. low-skilled), but rather to consider the education profile as a whole (general and special profile education). Women with specialised education differ from the other migrants in regard to their better labour market position (higher remuneration, legal employment) and the scope of skill usage. The comparison of high-skilled and low-skilled workers in the care sector is very useful from the perspective of policymakers due to the fact that there is an issue of over-qualification in Poland. The article contributes to the literature, especially research dealing with brain waste, as there is theoretical and empirical gap in research on the differences between high-skilled and low-skilled migrants working in elderly care.

Training of Army Reserves in the Educational Structures of Military Settlements in the First Half of the 19th Century

Introduction. The article considers the development of military educational structures of the Russian military settlement organization at various stages of their activity. In the 1810s and 1850s, training battalions, squadrons, batteries, and combat reserve units trained children of Cantonese military settlers to serve in the army as Junior and non-commissioned officers. Specialized educational institutions taught topographers, builders, doctors, veterinarians, agronomists and other training specialists to serve in the settlement districts. Methods and materials. The author explores models of developing military educational institutions on the basis of materials of complexes of legislative, statistical and reporting documents applying methods of quantitative analysis (trend models, grouping method), comparative analysis using source-oriented, problem-oriented, and system-structural approaches. Analysis. All this made it possible to trace the evolution of government policy aimed at training army personnel and noncommissioned officers based on changing historical realities (the army’s needs for trained personnel, the reform of the military settlement organization), and the results of its implementation, as well as to show the numerical corps of graduates of training units of military settlements and its growth in time and space. Results. The main stages of the development of military educational structures of settlements and periods of their quantitative growth are also defined, which resulted in the multiplication of the number of graduates for the army service. The formation and expansion of the entire educational system of settlements was carried out as the need for special-profile personnel arose in the settled regiments. In the 1820s – 1850s, new special educational institutions were integrated into it, and primary education developed along a transformed vector.