Optical Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Plasma Parameters in Cadmium by Nd: YAG laser Technique

In this work, optical emission spectroscopy (OES) was used to estimate the parameters of plasma electron temperature (Te), electron density (ne), plasma frequency (fp), Debye length (λD), and Debye number (ND). Understanding how an energy pulsed laser affects these variables is also important. Irradiation of pure cadmium using an Nd: YAG laser pulse with a wavelength(1064)nm and energy ranging from (200-600)millijoules, of frequency (6) Hz. The spectrum of laser-induced plasma was detected under atmospheric pressure. It was discovered that when the energy of the laser pulse rises, the intensity of the CdI and CdII lines increases.

Optical Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Plasma Plume during Pulsed Laser Deposition of PZT

Spatial variation in intensity of spectral emission, electron temperature, number density, and the time of flight (TOF) of ions and neutrals at various oxygen ambiances has been investigated on ferroelectric lead zirconium titanate (PZT) plasma using optical emission spectroscopy. Plasma produced by ablating PZT ceramic target using Nd-YAG laser operating at the third harmonics (λ=355 nm, τ=10 ns, repetition frequency 10 Hz) was investigated at various oxygen partial pressures and at various distances from the target surface. Here energy density for laser fluence was fixed as 3.13 Jcm−2 and distance from the target and ambient gas pressure were varied. The electron number density Ne and electron temperature of the PZT plasma at the early stage of plume expansion were measured as 1.7×1017 Jcm−2 and 13200 K, respectively, and thus verified the existence of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). Time of flight spectra (TOF) of neutral and singly ionized species in plasma were recorded. The result shows that plasma parameters and velocity of species are of same order for various oxygen partial pressures but have a decreasing tendency with distance. The energy of almost all species in the plume become more or less same at 0.1 mbar. These conditions favour the growth of perovskite PZT thin films.

Air Compressor Wear Condition Monitoring Based on Oil Analysis Technology

In order to verify the effectiveness of oil analysis technology on air compressor condition monitoring, oil samples are taken from lubricating system of D-100/8 type air compressor for monitoring by comprehensively using atomic emission spectroscopic analysis technology and ferrographic analysis technology. The result shows that the atomic emission spectroscopic analysis can comprehensively monitor content of additives, contaminants and wear metals in oil products. The effective analysis range of emission spectroscopy is particles with size smaller than 8~10μm and it fails to measure large-size wear particles produced from heavy wear of the equipment. However, the ferrographic analysis can further confirm wear condition of the equipment according to size, shape, material and superheated degree of particles, which just makes up the shortage. Thus, the combination of atomic emission spectroscopic analysis and ferrographic analysis is quite necessary for monitoring contamination and wear condition of lubricating oil products of air compressor and preventing sudden failure of machinery.