Las condiciones de entrega en el comercio exterior español

The terms of delivery in international trade, summarized in the Incoterms, have rarely been studied in the economic literature on transport costs. In this paper we present a first approach to study the use of Incoterms in the Spanish international trade, using the Estadística de Comercio Exterior. Besides showing the main trends on the use of Incoterms by Spanish exporters and importers, a binary response model is estimated with a dependent variable that distinguish if the seller deals with the main transport cost. We have found that distance, rent per capita, and weight/value ratio can influence the choice of Incoterms.

Fragility of identification in panel binary response models

Summary The present paper considers a linear binary response model for panel data with random effects that differ across individuals but are constant over time, and it investigates the roles of the various assumptions that are used to establish conditions for identification. The paper also shows that even for this simple model, it is always possible—including in the logistic case—to find a distribution of the random effects given the exogenous variables, such that the slopes' parameters are arbitrarily different, but the joint distributions of the binary response variables are arbitrarily close.

ROOT-N CONSISTENCY OF INTERCEPT ESTIMATORS IN A BINARY RESPONSE MODEL UNDER TAIL RESTRICTIONS

The intercept of the binary response model is not regularly identified (i.e., $\sqrt n$ consistently estimable) when the support of both the special regressor V and the error term ε are the whole real line. The estimator of the intercept potentially has a slower than $\sqrt n$ convergence rate, which can result in a large estimation error in practice. This paper imposes additional tail restrictions which guarantee the regular identification of the intercept and thus the $\sqrt n$-consistency of its estimator. We then propose an estimator that achieves the $\sqrt n$ rate. Last, we extend our tail restrictions to a full-blown model with endogenous regressors.

Economic Speculative Motives in Selling Relocation Houses and the Provision of Assets for Urban Settlements

Objective - This research aims to analyze the impact of residential relocation to the change in social and economic conditions of the beneficiary. This change is then used to analyze whether it is related to the decision for selling, or putting out to lease, the relocation house. Methodology/Technique - Primary data is collected from 68 samples which are chosen by an area sampling method. The focus of the sample is on houses which are built between 2008 and 2010. The variables applied cover perception about the state of the relocation house, perceptions of change in social and economic conditions, perceptions of housing characteristics and perceptions of the existence of another residential house. This research uses a mixed method for analyzing and interpreting the results. A binary response model is used for quantitative analysis. Findings - The results shows that there is no significant change in the social and economic conditions of the beneficiary. The logistics model indicates there is no direct correlation between perceptions of the change in social economic conditions to the decision for selling or renting a relocation house. Novelty - The study looks at decisions for selling or renting s relocation house. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Relocation; Speculative Motive on Housing; Binary Respond Model.