MONITORING OF THE BENCHES AND SIDES STABILITY OF THE QUARRIES

The increase in the volume of opencast mining is facing the main problem of ensuring the stability of the open pit slopes on the planned contour. To achieve this goal, required reliable geomechanical support of the parameters of the slopes of quarry benches and sides, then placing them on the planned contour using special technological schemes of the slopes and constant instrumental monitoring of their condition in an automated mode. The main emphasis in the work has been given to the method of instrumental monitoring of the quarry’s arrays state using modern instruments with the analysis of their measurement’s accuracy. The approved instrumental methods of monitoring at the open-pit mines of Kazakhstan are presented.

Innovative approaches and methods to the implementation of energy-saving measures and technologies at mining enterprises

The paper presents the evaluation of the implementation of innovative methods of energy savings in electric drive and power supply systems at mining enterprises. The evaluation involves mathematical simulation and instrumental monitoring of the defined indicators that allow obtaining a multiplier economic benefit through the appropriate approach to the implementation and subsequent exploitation of energy-saving technologies. For this purpose, the potential of energy savings in industry in general, and at mining enterprises in particular, is shown. Such indicators as power consumption in mining, the dynamics of power losses in public grids, specific power consumption for lighting and household needs, specific power consumption for lifting and supplying water, as well as for sewage treatment were evaluated. As an example, such measures as reactive power compensation, the introduction of frequency-controlled electric drive systems, the development and implementation of the systems for continuous monitoring of power quality indicators were considered pointwise (at some sites of enterprises). The mathematical simulation method was implemented using the MatLab software package. The instrumental monitoring was carried for 7 days with a ten-minute interval. As a result of the assessment of such measures, the total economic benefit approaching to 9.0 million rubles a year was obtained.

Measurement Individual Equivalent Doses of Irradiation the Skin and the Lens of the Eyes of Staff of Balakov NPP

Measurements were made of the directional dose equivalents rate Н '(0,07 ), Н '(3), the ambient dose equivalent rate at the working places of the personnel of Balakovo NPP. Based on the results, an assessment is made of the need for instrumental monitoring of lens exposure in the event of a possible reduction in the dose limit.

Combining Instrumental Monitoring and High-Resolution Topography for Estimating Sediment Yield in a Debris-Flow Catchment

ABSTRACT In mountain basins, long-term instrumental monitoring coupled with high-resolution topographic surveys can provide important information on sediment yield. The Gadria catchment, located in the eastern Italian Alps, typically features several low-magnitude flood episodes and a few debris-flow events per year, from late spring to late summer. Beginning in 2011, sensors devoted to debris-flow detection (geophones, video cameras, flow stage sensors) were installed along the main channel, upstream of a retention basin. In case of debris flows, high-resolution topographical surveys of the retention basin are carried out multiple times per year. Rainfall is measured in the lower part of the catchment and at the headwaters, while passive integrated transponder tracing of bedload was performed in the main channel during spring and summer 2014. In this work, we present the reconstruction of the sediment dynamics at the catchment scale from 2011 to 2017. Results show that (i) coarse sediment yield is dominated by the few debris flows occurring per year; (ii) debris-flow volume estimations may be significantly different—up to 30 percent lower—when performed through a digital elevation model of difference analysis, compared to the time-integration of the debris-flow discharge estimates; (iii) using this latter method, the volumes are affected by significant uncertainties, particularly for small values of flow depth; and (iv) rainfall analysis permits us to characterize debris-flow initiation but also highlights difficulties in discriminating triggering from non-triggering rainstorms if based on rainfall duration and intensity only.

MEASUREMENT OF THE DIRECTIONAL EQUIVALENT DOSE RADIATION IN THE SKIN AND LENS OF THE EYES

The results of calibration of individual dosimeters in Hp(0.07) and Hp(3) units using a 90Sr+90Y radionuclide source are presented. A method for measuring the characteristics of the 90Sr+90Y source is presented, which allows measuring Hp(0.07) and Hp(3) with an error of less than 10%.Measurements were made of the directional dose equivalents rate H '(0.07), H'(3), the ambient dose equivalent rate at the working places of the personnel of Balakovo NPP. Based on the results, an assessment is made of the need for instrumental monitoring of lens exposure in the event of a possible reduction in the dose limit.

Methods of comparative assessment of the duration of instrumental monitoring of landslide-prone areas

To predict the dynamics of landslide processes, it is necessary to have information about the change of factors of man-made and natural influences over time. An important source of such information is instrumental and geodetic monitoring. To choose an effective method and systems of instrumental monitoring, it is necessary to compare the main organizational and technological indicators (duration and labor costs) of variants of such systems. The calculation of the duration and labor costs for measuring work when observing the deformations of landslides can be determined on the basis of existing norms of uniform time norms and prices for survey work or using the trace element method of normalization of labor processes.The article presents a brief analysis of the relationship between the norm of duration of measuring works, on the example of geometric leveling of class II to determine the deposition of deformation control points (marks), determined by the current uniform norms of time and rates for survey work and the duration of the same labor process. microelement method of rationing. The list and structure of works on performance of leveling of the II class, as set of elementary labor actions (operations) so isolated and outlined that the further division is inexpedient is defined. The microelements of the labor process are singled out and their normative duration in hours is determined, obtained on the basis of the experience of operation of measuring instruments during the performance of works on determination of deposition of deformation marks.The coefficient of interrelation between the existing current norms and the actual duration of the labor process, determined by the microelement rationing method for works on geometric leveling of the II class, which allows to distinguish the actual duration of the labor process as a norm, without taking into account the duration of preparatory on holiday. The inconsistency of the current standards of measurement work with modern methods of work, equipment, features of instrumental monitoring, monitoring in compacted buildings and other types of work creates the need to determine the elements of the relationship between existing standards and the actual duration of work in modern construction.