Policy and weather influences on mobility during the early U.S. COVID-19 pandemic

As the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 24 continues to proliferate across the globe, it is a struggle to predict and prevent its spread. The 25 successes of mobility interventions demonstrate how policies can help limit the person-to-person 26 interactions that are essential to infection. With significant community spread, experts predict this 27 virus will continue to be a threat until safe and effective vaccines have been developed and 28 widely deployed. We aim to understand mobility changes during the first major quarantine period 29 in the United States, measured via mobile device tracking, by assessing how people changed their 30 behavior in response to policies and to weather. Here, we show that consistent national messaging 31 was associated with consistent national behavioral change, regardless of local policy. 32 Furthermore, although human behavior did vary with outdoor air temperature, these variations 33 were not associated with variations in a proxy for the rate of encounters between people. The 34 independence of encounters and temperatures suggests that weather-related behavioral changes 35 will, in many cases, be of limited relevance for SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics. Both of 36 these results are encouraging for the potential of clear national messaging to help contain any 37 future pandemics, and possibly to help contain COVID-19.Published in PNAS: https://www.pnas.org/content/118/22/e2018185118

Policy and weather influences on mobility during the early US COVID-19 pandemic

As the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to proliferate across the globe, it is a struggle to predict and prevent its spread. The successes of mobility interventions demonstrate how policies can help limit the person-to-person interactions that are essential to infection. With significant community spread, experts predict this virus will continue to be a threat until safe and effective vaccines have been developed and widely deployed. We aim to understand mobility changes during the first major quarantine period in the United States, measured via mobile device tracking, by assessing how people changed their behavior in response to policies and to weather. Here, we show that consistent national messaging was associated with consistent national behavioral change, regardless of local policy. Furthermore, although human behavior did vary with outdoor air temperature, these variations were not associated with variations in a proxy for the rate of encounters between people. The independence of encounters and temperatures suggests that weather-related behavioral changes will, in many cases, be of limited relevance for SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics. Both of these results are encouraging for the potential of clear national messaging to help contain any future pandemics, and possibly to help contain COVID-19.

Regulatory approaches: Global medical device tracking advancement in USA, EU and India

Advancement in science & technology of medical industry is coming up with innovations. Medical devices play a vital role. Real Time Location System (RTLS) which includes Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) device, Wi-Fi technology that helps to look after adverse events and recall products when required, thereby, prevent theft by keeping regular check on their movement with location sensors. In 19th century two products of United States faced product withdrawal. After that, US felt the need to develop system for product record management and tracking. In 2004, FDA introduced Unique Device Identifier (UDI) for medical device tracking. With time, GHTF came up with UDI working groups and in 2013, new version of UDI guidelines for globally harmonized use was generated. In this article study about various countries has been done. It was found that countries like United States and Europe have introduced medical device tracking system and by 2022 this will be implemented in India.

Policy and Weather Influences on Mobility during the Early U.S. COVID-19 Pandemic

As the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 continues to proliferate across the globe, it is a struggle to predict and prevent its spread. The successes of mobility interventions demonstrate how policies can help limit the person-to-person interactions that are essential to infection. With significant community spread, experts predict this virus will continue to be a threat until a safe and effective vaccine has been developed and widely deployed.3 We aim to understand mobility changes during the first major quarantine period in the United States, measured via mobile device tracking, by assessing how people changed their behavior in response to policies and to weather. Here we show that consistent national messaging was associated with consistent national behavioral change, regardless of local policy. Furthermore, while behavior changed with weather conditions, generally the changes did not increase encounters between people. The independence of encounters and temperatures suggests that behavioral changes may have at most a limited impact relative to any direct physical modulation of transmission by weather. Both of these results are encouraging for the potential of clear national messaging to help contain any future pandemics, and possibly to help contain COVID-19.