Technological Substitutions in the Computer Industry

The logistic substitution model is used to study substitutions of different microcomputer models and technologies at the low end of the computer range in Digital Equipment Corporation.

Determining the Service Life Cycle of Computers

The logistic diffusion equation is modified in order to take into account the long tail seen in revenues from servicing computer products. The model is applied to computers of DEC (Digital equipment Corporation.)

Fractal aspects of natural growth

The work presented here puts forward a fractal aspect of natural growth. The S-shaped pattern of a logistic function is analyzed in terms of several constituent logistic functions. The approach sheds light on two familiar phenomena: the undulatory evolution of growth, which gives rise to an alternation between high-and low-growth periods, and the increasingly noticeable shrinking life cycle of products. There are some economic and political implications for the European nations. A quantitative example is given for computer sales from Digital Equipment Corporation. The approach is further generalized to suggest that any growth process can be analyzed in terms of natural-growth subprocesses. Applied to human growth this analysis yields precise definitions for the timing of transitions such as babyhood to childhood, and childhood to adolescence.

The Differing Provision of Ed-Tech Demonstration and E-Learning in Europe, Asia, and America

This chapter explores examples of the digital divide within diverse countries and across the globe, and presumptions about the West's preparedness for online learning are questioned. The scale of the effects of the pandemic are used to highlight the juxtaposition of the great potential of online learning with the stark reality that though the West can debate the extent of their e-learning during the spread of the coronavirus while poorer nations have great swathes of disconnected and vulnerable youth without the interventions of their teachers, the fact is that there is little evidence that all the conditions of effective online learning exist throughout the world. Ed-tech demonstration of affordable internet, different approaches to learning online, availability of digital equipment, teacher incentives and training, and providing quiet places to study at home, as well as other initiatives to resolve some of these issues in Europe and the wider world are explored and questioned.

In Depth Assessment on Digital Textile Printing Environment as the Concrete Path of Making Indonesia 4.0

Textile-garment industry in Indonesia has been established as the primary industry and economy that becoming fundamental to nation’s wealth. Well known as a top 5 of global market supplier, this industry predicted to keep score and improving their productivity to reach better position. In last 2019, Government of Indonesia already announced the roadmap plan of Indonesia 4.0, which put textile-garment industry as the one of priority industry that will be essentially adopting digital equipment and workflow to keep competitive and becoming the backbone of national industry alongside with other 4 industries mentioned. With this initiative being deployed and how the road map plan already announced, Author want to elaborate, assess and analyse how ready is digital adoption on textile-garment manufacturers, specifically on digital printing workflow. So on, this research will be titled “In Depth Assessment on Digital Textile Printing Environment as the Concrete Path of Making Indonesia 4.0”. The main purpose of this research is to give the clear picture of how ready textile-garment industry Indonesia to fulfil both of extensive demand from domestic and global market by adopting digital equipment, in this research digital textile printing. By elaborating all the considerations and factor, we are hoping that there would be identified root issues beneath of this industry and directly formulating the best approach and solution for this industry.

SEISMICITY of the NORTHERN CAUCASUS in 2015

Seismic monitoring in the region in 2015 was carried out by a seismic network consisting of 59 stations. Digital equipment was installed at all stations in the second half of the year. The network capability was assessed by the level of seismic noise at the stations: in most of the region, the network provided registration of an earthquake from КR7.0, in the central (including the Greater Sochi region) and eastern parts of the region – КR6.0, and in some local zones with КR5.5. 2,276 earthquakes were registered, 17 earthquakes were felt in the settlements of the Caucasus. The maximum intensity VII at MSK-64 (SSI-17) scale was noted from the earthquake in the territory of Azerbaijan. The earthquake on November 3, which occurred on the platform territory within the Stavropol arch, felt IV at MSK-64. The strongest earthquakes were recorded in the Terek-Caspian and Kura troughs and in the eastern part of the Greater Caucasus. The seismicity of the North Caucasus in 2015 in accordance with the seismicity scale "SOUS-09" was set as the "background average" for the observation period from 1962 to 2015.

The cyber-consciousness of environmental assessment: how environmental assessments evaluate the impacts of smart, connected, and digital technology

Digitally-enabled technologies are increasingly cyber-physical systems (CPS). They are networked in nature and made up of geographically dispersed components that manage and control data received from humans, equipment, and the environment. Researchers evaluating such technologies are thus challenged to include CPS subsystems and dynamics that might not be obvious components of a product system. Although analysts might assume CPS have negligible or purely beneficial impact on environmental outcomes, such assumptions require justification. As the physical environmental impacts of digital processes (e.g., cryptocurrency mining) gain attention, the need for explicit attention to CPS in environmental assessment becomes more salient. This review investigates how the peer-reviewed environmental assessment literature treats environmental implications of CPS, with a focus on journal articles published in English between 2010-2020. We identify nine CPS subsystems and dynamics addressed in this literature: energy system, digital equipment, non-digital equipment, automation & management, network infrastructure, direct costs, social & health effects, feedbacks, and cybersecurity. Based on these categories, we develop a “cyber-consciousness score” reflecting the extent to which the 115 studies that met our evaluation criteria address CPS, then summarize analytical methods and modeling techniques drawn from reviewed literature to facilitate routine inclusion of CPS in environmental assessment. We find that, given challenges in establishing system boundaries, limited standardization of how to evaluate CPS dynamics, and failure to recognize the role of CPS in a product system under evaluation, the extant environmental assessment literature in peer-reviewed journals largely ignores CPS subsystems and dynamics when evaluating digital or digitally-enabled technologies.

The Way of Distance Teaching Is Related to Adolescent Students’ Health and Loneliness during the School Closure in Finland

The COVID-19 pandemic enforced countries to close schools and rapidly transfer to distance teaching without preparation. Little is known about how different distance teaching practices influenced students’ wellbeing. We studied this during the period of school closures in Finland. Wellbeing was measured by health complaints and perceived loneliness, and distance learning was measured in terms of structure and dialogue of teaching, functioning of internet and digital equipment, difficulty of given tasks, and support for studies. All lower secondary schools were invited, and 29,898 students from 340 schools (grades 7–9) participated. A digital survey was distributed through schools just when these were reopened in May 2020. The main results were that the distance learning practices were related to adolescent health complaints and loneliness, so that less structure and dialogue in teaching, more problems with digital devices and internet, more difficult tasks and less support for studies were associated with higher health complaints and loneliness. From the point of view of students’ wellbeing, it matters how the distance learning is organised, how digital communication works, and if enough support for studies is available. These results of our research on distance learning practices during the present pandemic may guide schools in future crises and pandemic situations when distance learning is needed.

Problematika Transformasi Sertipikasi Tanah Digital

In an effort to realize good and equitable services to all communities, the Ministry of ATR/BPN seeks to become a transparent and accountable institution or known as Good Governance. As an effort to realize this, digital land certification services are one of the steps towards good governance. This study aims to find out the problems faced in realizing digital certificates. The research method was carried out qualitatively, data was presented descriptively, while data collection was carried out through interviews with several respondents, namely the community and employees in the Kerawang Regency Land Office. The results of the study show that several obstacles in digital certificates are caused by internal factors including those related to human resources who are not entirely able to use technology/information, limited office infrastructure, data that has not been integrated and the need for definite checks related to documents in land certificates. While some external factors are related to the community and other agencies, namely not all people have the ability to use information technology, not all people have digital equipment, besides the problem with other agencies, namely the unavailability or integration of data in one system. Some of these problems have caused the digital land certification process to take a long time and do not meet the expected standards.

Reshaping posthuman subjectivity: Lu Yang’s representation of virtual bodies in the COVID-19 pandemic

With the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, much of the world has been experiencing isolation and quarantine. Digital technology, especially the internet, has become the essential method of communication when social distancing measures constrain physical contact. The global health crisis leads to a dynamically increasing reliance on digital equipment contributing to a posthuman world. The article will take Shanghai-based multimedia artist Lu Yang (1984–) as a representative example to explore an alternative posthumanism subjectivity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Built theoretically on Kathrine Hayles and Rosi Braidotti’s posthumanism concepts of virtual bodies, this article will examine how Lu Yang’s work articulates the interactive relationships between humans and the material world to go beyond the conservative corporeality and contribute to a renewal of posthuman subjectivity. In Lu Yang’s recent projects created during the pandemic, such as Doku × The 1975 ‘Playing on My Mind’ (2020) and the live-streamed piece Delusional World (2020), the artist experiments with different strategies to break down social-cultural constraints and transcend established dualisms of gender binaries, life and death, human and non-human. With a close investigation of Lu Yang’s multidisciplinary artistic practices, this article intends to argue how a new subjectivity emerges in contemporary Chinese art and its roles in the current COVID-19 pandemic world.