Calculation of accuracy with the coordinate-positional method of basing

The article is devoted to the assessment of assembly accuracy when positioning with the use of industrial manipulators (robots). Classic assembly technologies are outdated and have many disadvantages that can be solved by the automation of industrial processes, which became possible due to the rapid development of robotization. In the material there are investigation the possibility of using industrial robots for positioning structural elements of aircraft from the point of view of achieving the required assembly accuracy. For the analysis, foreign literature sources and the current experience of introducing similar technologies by large aircraft manufacturers were used. To assess the assembly accuracy, the formulas for the functional size error were used. An enlarged technological assembly process is presented, graphic materials with basing schemes are presented. Based on the data obtained, the advantages and disadvantages of basing with the help of industrial robots at this stage of technology development are formulated, taking into account the existing production experience.

Development of the Low Toxic Cross Polar Air Transport using Innovative Hydrogen Projection for Large Aircraft and Airships

The new shortly and low cost Regular Airlines Cargo & PAX directions via Arctic Cross Polar Air Transportation Routes of the future High Ecology Efficiency and Safety ICAO Strategy will be base on the more perspective for Trans Continental Airlines Operations by IATA International Law Regulations and World Climate Protect Law. Using the more shortly directions of Trans Polar Flight for Long-Haul Aircrafts (LHA) Routes by leader Airlines Sky Teams with Aeroflot are request to find new Geometrical Layout of Aircraft Design Industrial Projections & Products Lines. The increase in the dimension of LHA came into conflict with modern Airport Infrastructure and led to the search for alternative Arctic Planes & Dirigibles Options for constructively layout circuit solutions with protection of minimum weight and drag issues in order to deal with this contradiction. Computer Digital Aircraft Structural-Parametric Analysis of the influence of Aviation Infrastructure Constraints in the basing of LHA on the choice of alternative Design Options for Lift Fuselage Body or Flying-V layout was carried out.

Enhanced pose adjustment system for wing-box assembly in large aircraft manufacturing

Strict quality requirements in aircraft manufacturing demand high accuracy concerning pose alignments of aircraft structures. However, even though a pose adjustment system does pass the accuracy verification, the pose of the large complex structure has difficulty in smoothly and efficiently converging on the desired pose in large aircraft assembly. To solve this problem, we developed a pose adjustment system enhanced by integrating physical simulation for the wing-box assembly of a large aircraft. First, the development of the pose adjustment system, which is the base of the digital pose alignment of a large aircraft’s outer wing panel, is demonstrated. Then, the pose alignment principles of duplex and multiple assembly objects based on the best-fit strategy are successively explored. After that, the contributor analysis is conducted for nonideal pose alignment, in which the influences of thermal and gravity deformations on the pose alignment are discussed. Finally, a physical simulation-assisted pose alignment method considering multisource errors, which uses the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to integrate temperature fluctuation and gravity field effects, is developed. Compared with a conventional digital pose adjustment system driven by the classical best-fit, the deviations of the Key Characteristic Points (KCPs) significantly decreased despite the impacts of thermal and gravity deformations. The developed pose alignment system has been applied to large aircraft wing-box assembly in Aviation Industry Corporation of China, Ltd. It provides an improved understanding of the pose alignment of large-scale complex structures.

A Review of Modern Thermal Imaging Sensor Technology and Applications for Autonomous Aerial Navigation

Limited navigation capabilities of many current robots and UAVs restricts their applications in GPS denied areas. Large aircraft with complex navigation systems rely on a variety of sensors including radio frequency aids and high performance inertial systems rendering them somewhat resistant to GPS denial. The rapid development of computer vision has seen cameras incorporated into small drones. Vision-based systems, consisting of one or more cameras, could arguably satisfy both size and weight constraints faced by UAVs. A new generation of thermal sensors is available that are lighter, smaller and widely available. Thermal sensors are a solution to enable navigation in difficult environments, including in low-light, dust or smoke. The purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive literature review of thermal sensors integrated into navigation systems. Furthermore, the physics and characteristics of thermal sensors will also be presented to provide insight into challenges when integrating thermal sensors in place of conventional visual spectrum sensors.

Scale-Adaptive Adversarial Patch Attack for Remote Sensing Image Aircraft Detection

With the adversarial attack of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), we are able to generate adversarial patches to make an aircraft undetectable by object detectors instead of covering the aircraft with large camouflage nets. However, aircraft in remote sensing images (RSIs) have the problem of large variations in scale, which can easily cause size mismatches between an adversarial patch and an aircraft. A small adversarial patch has no attack effect on large aircraft, and a large adversarial patch will completely cover small aircraft so that it is impossible to judge whether the adversarial patch has an attack effect. Therefore, we propose the adversarial attack method Patch-Noobj for the problem of large-scale variation in aircraft in RSIs. Patch-Noobj adaptively scales the width and height of the adversarial patch according to the size of the attacked aircraft and generates a universal adversarial patch that can attack aircraft of different sizes. In the experiment, we use the YOLOv3 detector to verify the effectiveness of Patch-Noobj on multiple datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that our universal adversarial patches are well adapted to aircraft of different sizes on multiple datasets and effectively reduce the Average Precision (AP) of the YOLOv3 detector on the DOTA, NWPU VHR-10, and RSOD datasets by 48.2%, 23.9%, and 20.2%, respectively. Moreover, the universal adversarial patch generated on one dataset is also effective in attacking aircraft on the remaining two datasets, while the adversarial patch generated on YOLOv3 is also effective in attacking YOLOv5 and Faster R-CNN, which demonstrates the attack transferability of the adversarial patch.