Fee-For-Service Health Insurance and Moral Hazard of Hospitals

The supply-side contribution to the surge of medical expense is overlooked in the Korean health insurance market. Commonly, the demand-side is accounted for the excessive increase in medical consumption. Previous studies suggest the moral hazard or adverse selection of Fee-For-Service Health Insurance (FFS) policyholders as the source of the problem. However, this paper focuses on the moral hazard of medical institutions using Korea Health Panel (KHP) Data version 1.5 from year 2008–2016. This study finds the medical usage difference between FFS holders and non-holders were greater for clinics and local hospital visits than the visits to general hospitals or special hospitals. This implies that supply-side contributes to the ex-post moral hazard of health insurance.

PANDEMIC COVID-19: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS BY PUNJAB AND SINDH GOVERNMENTS IN PAKISTAN

Purpose: The study analyzes the growing situation of Covid-19 in Pakistan and highlights the recent scientific and social developments made during this pandemic. The paper highlights the exertions of the government of Pakistan in general and especially the preventing measures taken by the Punjab and Sindh government to fight this pandemic. The paper discusses the emergency preparedness and response to the Covid-19 in Pakistan. Method: This research uses publicly available data to inspect the current situation of epidemic Covid-19 and its preventive measures in Pakistan, especially in Punjab and Sindh province. Besides, documents on the website of the daily situation report of NIH (National Institute of Health), WHO covid-19 dashboard (services and coordination) Ministry of National Health Regulation, different scholarly articles, and already existing world reports have been reviewed and analyzed Main Findings: The outbreak of Covid-19 was experienced first time in December 2019 at Wuhan city of China which spread promptly in China and then all-inclusive in 213 other countries including Australia, Asia, Europe, America, and Pakistan as well. Experts believed that in a developing country like Pakistan, its effects would be devastating. It has caused approximately 2, 862, 664 deaths and affected more than 131, 837, 512 people worldwide, while its statistics are growing fast. However, several steps have been adopted to overcome Covid-19 worldwide. Even, drastic measures were taken with limited resources in Pakistan to curb the growing situation of Covid-19 such as lockdown, awareness campaign, quarantine facilities, special hospitals, and laboratories for testing the virus. Application of the Study: The results of this research help the Pakistani government to make their policies more target-ordinated and systematic to cure this pandemic to restore its vigilance with available resources against Covid-19 and trained human capacities, laboratory networks, policy formulation, and national emergency preparedness. The originality of the Study: This research contributes that confusion and uncertainty between the policies of the federal government and provinces on lockdown measures could lead the thousands of untimely deaths. Experts believed that in a developing country like Pakistan, its effects would be devastating. Despite its limited resources, Pakistan took a stand against an epidemic coronavirus and made it a single-point agenda by all the provinces of Pakistan.

Effect of Service Experience and Perceived Value on Patients Satisfaction with Special Hospitals for Mom and Children in South Sulawesi Province

Patient satisfaction must be achieved in order to survive in the competitive hospital industry which tends to continue to grow beyond existing needs. This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of Service Experience and Perceived Value on patient satisfaction in the Inpatient Installation of the Regional Special Hospital of South Sulawesi Province (RSKD IA Pertiwi and RSKD IA Siti Fatimah). This type of research is a quantitative study using an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The sample in this study were patients in the inpatient installation of the IA Pertiwi Regional Special Hospital (RSKD) and RSKD IA Siti Fatimah, totaling 130 respondents. The results showed that service experience based on functional clues variables, mechanic clues variables, humanistic clues variables, and perceived value affected patient satisfaction. It is recommended to every officer, both management and all employees, to maintain the dimensions of a good service experience, try to meet expectations, wants, and needs according to hospital standards, especially in the functional clues and humanistic clues dimensions by increasing the sensitivity of nurses in handling/care that can help complaints patients, there needs to be an increase in strategies in building customer value so that patients feel the pride felt by patients when they are treated in the hospital.

Effect Covid-19: Burnout on nurse

This study aims to determine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on burnout experienced by nurses at Dr. Hospital. Wahidin Sudirohusodo as one of the special hospitals that treat patients affected by Covid-19. This research is a qualitative study using some literature from related articles and journals as well as the results of a discussion group forum (FGD) from nurses at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar. The results showed that there was a burnout in nurses when they saw so many patients who were under observation or who were positively affected by the outbreak of this virus. Nurses are confronted with thoughts of high-risk work amid pandemic conditions and think of families who are at home as well as conditions where nurses want to go home but workloads are very high and worry about returning home in conditions carrying viruses that are invisible. Limitations of this study are the lack of access to communicate with nurses who maintain contact with researchers at the time to prevent the spread of the virus.

A Review on Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: Current Scenario of Bangladesh

Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 outbreak was the first time experienced in Wuhan City, China, at the end of December 2019 which spreads rapidly in China and then worldwide approximately all countries of America, Europe, Australia, and Asia including Bangladesh. There are more than 1,039,135 mortalities and 35,207,771 people have been affected globally until October 4, 2020, and the figure is still increasing. The global information on the COVID-19 case was collected from a reliable database (worldometers.info) and domestic information was taken from the government circulating websites and analyzed. Different steps have been taken to control the COVID-19 worldwide. Even with few resources, Bangladesh also has taken rigorous measures such as designed special hospitals, laboratories, quarantine facilities, social distance awareness campaigns, and lockdown to control the spreading of the virus. As Bangladesh is an overpopulated country and vast population lives under the poverty line, it was difficult to maintain a strict lockdown to curb the COVID-19. In this study, we have focused the government efforts to combat this deadly pneumonia and presented recent situations and challenges of Bangladesh. We compiled general treatments, COVID-19 specific treatments, and antiviral treatments should be prescribed in fighting COVID-19. We suggest certain nutritional elements and natural products which can boost up the immunity of individuals and protect from the infection of this virus. The review was undertaken to synopsis the recent conditions, challenges of Bangladesh arise after the COVID-19 pandemic and summarize certain possible intervention options for management of COVID-19.

An Analysis of COVID-19 Clusters in India-Two Case Studies on Nizamuddin and Dharavi.

Background- With the COVID-19 pandemic wreaking havoc across nations, several research projects are being carried out to study the propagation of the virus. In this study we have made an endeavour to analyse the spread of COVID-19 in the districts of India. Methods- Some districts in India have been much more a ected than the others. A cluster analysis of the worst a ected districts in India provide insight about the similarities between them. The e ects of public health interventions in flattening the curve in their respective states is studied using the individual contact SEIQHRF model. Results - The clustering of hotspot districts in India provide homogeneous clusters of districts that stand out in terms of number of positive COVID-19 cases and covariates like population density and number of COVID-19 special hospitals. The cluster analysis reveal that distribution of number of COVID-19 hospitals in the districts vary from the distribution of con rmed COVID-19 cases. The distribution of hospitals is much less skewed than the population density and COVID-19 cases. From the SEIQHRF model for Nizamuddin we observe in the second phase the number of infected individuals had seen a multitudinous increase in the states where Nizamuddin attendees returned. Thereby, increasing the risk of the disease spread in the respective states. However, the simulations reveal that the administrative interventions, if implemented strictly, flatten the curve of disease spread. In Dharavi however, as claimed by the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation officials, through tracing, tracking, testing and treating, massive breakout of COVID-19 was also brought under control. Conclusions - The study rounds up with two important case studies on Nizamuddin basti and Dharavi slum to illustrate the growth curve of COVID-19 in two very densely populated regions in India. In the case of Nizamuddin, the attendees of the religious events who went back to their respective states, increased the risk of infection manifold. However, Dharavi was one of the few COVID-19 success stories. Through strict testing, treating, tracking and tracing large-scale COVID-19 infection was brought under control.

Temperature And Humidity Test Of The Telemetry Tool Modeling In Baby Incubator

Modeling tool is made an attempt to help health care in special hospitals for care in obstetrics and perinatology space. This study used temperature setting range is from 34 ° C to 38 ° C, while for setting the humidity of the range of 0% to 100%, is divided into two parts, namely the design of hardware and software. Tests conducted in the Laboratory of the Department of Health Polytechnic Elektromedik Jakarta II. Design manufacture of modules that do get into the telemetry monitoring system applications, where telemetry tool can be used to monitor the value of an object located at a remote distance applied to medical devices, which will be monitored temperature and humidity is a very important part in the incubator tool baby. The results of modeling design includes testing of skin temperature in the incubator, the test measurement of skin temperature and humidity in the telemetry receiver, test measurement of skin temperature on the thermometer, hygrometer humidity in the test measurement. With the results of the five test measurement was still below the threshold of 10%. It can be concluded that the telemetry tool can perform accurate distance measurement, in accordance with the amount of heat generated by the source and the humidity is a tool incubator. This research can be developed to monitor the temperature and humidity with computer based.