Adopting Evaluative Conditioning to Improve Coach–Athlete Relationships

Coach–athlete relationships are key to athletes’ well-being, development, training, and sports performance. The present study explored the effect of an evaluative conditioning (EC) intervention on the improvement of coach–athlete relationships. We applied a 6-week EC intervention to the athletes in a volleyball team with two of their coaches involved in the EC while the third coach taken as control. In the EC, we repeatedly presented the coaches’ facial images (i.e., conditioned stimuli) together with positively valenced pictures and words (i.e., unconditioned stimuli) to the athletes. The results showed that the EC intervention led the athletes to recognize their coaches’ neutral faces as showing more happiness, respond faster to coach-positive associations in the implicit association test (IAT), and give higher ratings to the coaches in the Coach–Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q). The present study suggests that EC may be adopted as an effective intervention for coach–athlete relationships, altering athletes’ affective associations with their coaches to be more positive and improving their explicitly evaluation of the relationship.

Application of Virtual Reality in the Teaching of Interior Design

With the rapid development of computer technology, a new technology – virtual reality has arisen at this historical moment. This technology mainly creates a real scene through simulation so as to reflect the changing form of objects. As a complex art form, the characteristics of interior design cannot be displayed only through pictures and words but with the effective application of virtual reality, the development of interior design can be promoted. This article mainly analyzes the current teaching situation of interior design and puts forward specific application strategies of virtual reality in the teaching of interior design, which have guiding significance in improving the teaching effect of interior design.

Mutual Promotion of Reading and Expression: Research into Children’s Picture Book Teaching of I Wanna Iguana

The narrative function of children’s picture books connects the exquisite, meaningful and colorful paintings with easy and imaginative words. A teaching process, which is called the circulation process, happens when teachers and children are reading the pictures and words repeatedly. This process involves four stages: lead-in, telling the story, retelling the story and utilizing the retold story. Teacher may understand children’s knowledge, cognitive features as well as nature of picture books and paintings effectively. Then the vivid illustration of story line encourages children to think from others’ views and communicate with different people in the world. In such a way, we aim to establish a brand new teaching culture consisted of national memory and traditional Chinese culture elements.

Pictures and Words: Allegorical and Persuasive Cartography

This paper aims to present a novel approach to map analysis, treating all ‘map-like’ drawings as icono-texts, according to premises postulated in modern cartographical theory by Brian Harley and his successors in this field. It is not just ‘deconstructing’ which takes place, but further interpretations are stimulated by probing questions not only of authorship (often unknown), but also of the social, cultural, and religious environment. Making an allegorical map and text was a difficult task, an intellectual endeavor, which demanded that the author carefully choose the symbols that would outlive the material. In this paper, the Fool’s Cap Map of the World is presented as an example of icono-textual analysis, by bringing together the most popular literary works and their illustrations – Erasmus Desiderius, Sebastian Brandt, and Hieronymus Bosch. The double masks of the author – the pseudonym “Epichtonius Cosmopolites”, with its denunciation of nationality, and the jester’s costume, were chosen as the means of conveying unpleasant truths about the state of the world, France, and/or the Netherlands. Human hybris, Suberbia and Vanitas were the primal sins, by which they were all blinded, waging wars for pieces of land and worldly goods. Therefore, the fool’s malade is melancholy, strictly reserved for male intellectuals – Ficino, Dürer, Shakespeare, Bright and Burton. On the other hand, it would seem as if the female primal sin were vanity, which brings the puritan Bunyan and Anglican Thackeray into this polyphonic interpretation. Their works did, however, show that’'vanitas’ is present among both genders and is an everlasting human trait, now heavily exploited as a ’cash crop’ par excellence. Since all knowlegde is situated, I feel the need to say that I am finishing this paper in self-quarantine due to the ’new plague’ pandemic, wondering if the people in this mad and greedy world would contemplate how all is nothing, and whether the survivors would be better, i.e. more human, acting with more empathy, regardless of the perpetually announced Apocalypse. This remains to be witnessed.

REFRACTIVE THINKING OF VISUALIZER AND VERBALIZER STUDENTS IN SOLVING GEOMETRY PROBLEMS

Refractive thinking is a person's mental activity in making a decision in solving a problem which is throughreflective and critical thinking. Differences in cognitive style in a person affects the differences in refractivethought processes. This is expected to be a liaison for educators to train students by providing variedproblems both using pictures and words. This qualitative research aims to describe the stages of refractivethinking of visualizer students and junior verbalizers in solving geometry problems. The method of collectingdata through written tests and interviews. Written tests were given to 57 students of 8th grade students ofstate junior high schools in Jombang. The research subjects consisted of one student with cognitive stylevisualizer and one student with verbalizer cognitive style with each subject having high mathematical ability.The results showed that at the identified of problem stage, visualizer students recognized and identified someof the information contained in the problems tended to be faster than verbalizer students. At the strategicstage, visualizer students used image information to found alternative solutions, while verbalizer studentsused formulas that have been obtained before. This showed that both the visualizer student and the verbalizerstudent have shown indications of refractive thinking. At the evaluation stage, the student visualizer andverbalizer explained the method used based on logical and appropriate arguments but in the different way

Graphic Medicine as Physician Tool to Understand Their Patient’s Experience of a Medical Condition

BackgroundEngaging patients in their healthcare, listening to their stories, and improving the quality of their experience also depends on physicians understanding their patient’s experiences of a medical condition.Physicians have little time to converse with patients about this in the visit. Graphic Medicine – Comics – pictures and words together in sequence to tell a story – is a way to gain insight into a patient’s experience of what it’s like. MethodsA small, mixed-method study to test the effect on physicians of reading a comic book, “My Degeneration: Parkinson’s Disease.” The 13 participants, including 11 physician-editors (representing 10 disciplines), answered a 7-question pre-survey before receiving and reading the book, and a 10-question post survey. Also, the 12 participants present at the recent Permanente Journal Editorial meeting commented on their experience of reading the book, its attributes, and their recommendations for the comic book as an educational tool for residents and patients. ResultsGreatest Improvements were: “know patients’ wants,” (54%), “know treatments” (37%), “know patients’ needs” (34%) and “know patients’ experience” (30%). 82% recommended the comic book for resident education, and 73% for patients. Comments included: “My patients say:‘Doc, you guys really need to understand what’s going on for me. It’s really hard for me.’” “The things that people do to deal with their condition are remarkable!” “For a patient to have a conversation with his disease, as in the book, is a wonderful idea. “Combining pictures with words has triple the educational value for millennial residents who demand high yield.”