Interference of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum with Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the infected burns in Wistar rats

Burns are the most prevalent type of trauma in the world, and they have a high fatality rate. For cutaneous wound healing, modern and natural therapies, particularly probiotic supplements, have lately been considered. The goal of this study was to see how Lactiplantibacillus plantarum affected wound healing as well as the antibacterial activity of probiotic lactobacilli against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The glass slide method was used to assess anti-adhesion activity, and the HPLC method was used to quantify anti-adhesion chemicals in cell-free supernatant (CFS). MDR P. aeruginosa was administered subcutaneously directly on the burn after induction of second-degree wounds. Three groups of animals were created. Every day, the supernatants were sprayed for therapy, and the wound healing was monitored. Lactobacilli bacteria had good anti-adhesion effects on P. aeruginosa, according to our findings, and HPLC research revealed that their inhibitory effect could be attributable to four main organic acids: lactic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, and succinic acid. When the effect of treatments on fibroblastic cells was examined, it was discovered that the group treated with L. plantarum supernatants had the most fibroblastic cells when compared to the non-treated group. Furthermore, the bacteria increased the number of fibroblastic cells, re-epithelialization in the wound area, and the thickness of the epidermis and dermis layers. Lactobacilli bacteria's antimicrobial activity against MDR P. aeruginosa was determined by prevents infection. These findings revealed that L. plantarum can treat a P. aeruginosa infection in a second-degree burn and can significantly reduce inflammation.

FOXP4 differentially controls cold-induced beige adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis

Beige adipocytes possess a discrete developmental origin and notable plasticity in thermogenic capacity in response to various environmental cues. But the transcriptional machinery controlling beige adipocyte development and thermogenesis remains largely unknown. By analyzing beige adipocyte-specific knockout mice, we identified a transcription factor, Forkhead Box P4 (FOXP4) that differentially governs beige adipocyte differentiation and activation. Depletion of Foxp4 caused a decline in the frequency of beige preadipocytes by switching their cell fate towards fibroblastic cells at the expense of beige adipocytes. However, we observed that ablation of Foxp4 in differentiated adipocytes profoundly potentiated their thermogenesis upon cold exposure. Of note, the outcome of Foxp4-deficiency on UCP1-mediated thermogenesis was confined to beige adipocytes, rather than to brown adipocytes. Taken together, we submit that FOXP4 primes beige adipocyte cell fate commitment and differentiation by potent transcriptional repression of the thermogenic program.

Studying the influence of Solcoseryl drug and vitamin C on the inflammatory reaction and proliferation of fibroblastic cells in the filed of polypropylene endoprosthesis implantation

Introduction: Applying a coating on hernia endoprosthesis prevents recurrent anterior abdominal wall hernias, reduces inflammatory response and stimulates reparative processes in the area of its implantation. The aim of investigation was to study the effect of Solcoseryl and Vitamin C in a collagen-stimulating coating of hernioendoprosthesis on a morphological picture in anterior abdominal wall plastic surgery. Materials and methods: The study was performed on 180 laboratory mice divided into three groups of 60 animals each: the first group animals were implanted with polypropylene endoprostheses without a collagen-stimulating coating, the second group animals – polypropylene endoprostheses with a collagen-stimulating coating with Vitamin C, and the third group animals – polypropylene endoprostheses with a collagen-stimulating coating with Solcoseryl. The laboratory animals were withdrawn from the experiment on the 10th, 30th, 60th, and 90th days. The excised sections of the abdominal wall were stained with G+E to determine the nature of inflammation and the number of cell elements. Results and discussion: When using endoprostheses with a collagen-stimulating coating, the stages of inflammatory process proceeded more quickly, which was confirmed by a reliable (р ≤ 0.05) decrease in the number of neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes at all stages of the study. By the 90th day of the experiment, the number of fibroblasts in the control group was by 22.64% less than in the study groups with a coating. Conclusion: A cytological and histological analysis in the control group determined a consistent decrease in an exudative phase of inflammatory reaction. When using endoprosthesis with coatings, its acceleration and lower intensity was noted throughout the study. In the group with Solcoseryl, the formation of a dense connective capsule around the endoprosthesis indicates its quality and better adaptation of the endoprosthesis in body tissues.

Features of morphological changes of the uterus after the death prescription

Background. Assessing the postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the most problematic issues in judicial practice. Objective. To investigate the morphological changes of uterus tissues to determine the PMI-dependent features of postmortem changes development. Methods. A morphological analysis of 40 uterus tissue samples was performed; consisting of two groups: first group – samples from the corpses of women aged 23 to 70 years (n = 34), second group – comparison group – biopsy material from 6 women with uterine prolapse, uterine leiomyoma, from unaffected areas. Results. In the period from 24 to 48 hours after death, there were changes in the form of a slight change in the structure of cellular elements, changes in their color, the presence of light gaps between connective tissue and muscle fibers. In the period from 48 to 72 hours, the destruction of the border between the muscular and serous membranes, blurred contours and ruptures of cells, severe swelling of muscle fibers, wide gaps between muscle fibers, a significant decrease in fibroblastic cells were observed. In addition, there was no endothelium in a significant number of vessels, loss of clarity of fiber bundles, lack of nuclei in a significant number of myocytes. Desquamed endothelial cells and hemolyzed erythrocytes were seen in the openings of most vessels. Conclusion. Histological examination of uterine tissues showed the presence of specific changes during the studied time intervals after death, which can be used to introduce criteria to determine the time since death in practice.

Cell Properties of Lung Tissue-Resident Macrophages Propagated by Co-Culture with Lung Fibroblastic Cells from C57BL/6 and BALB/c Mice

Tissue-resident macrophages (Mø) originating from foetal precursors are maintained by self-renewal under tissue/organ-specific microenvironments (niches). We recently developed a simple propagation method applicable to tissue-resident Mø by co-culturing. Here, we examined the properties of lung tissue-resident Mø propagated by co-culturing with lung interstitial cells. The intracardially and intratracheally perfused lung from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice could minimise the contamination of alveolar Mø and lung monocytes. Lung tissue-resident Mø could be largely propagated under standard culture media along with the propagation of lung interstitial cells demonstrating a fibroblastic morphology. Propagated lung Mø showed characteristic expression properties for Mø/monocyte markers: high expressions of CD11b, CD64 and CD206; substantial expressions of Mertk; and negative expressions of Ly6C, MHC II and Siglec-F. These properties fit with those of lung interstitial Mø of a certain population that can undergo self-renewal. Propagated fibroblastic cells by co-culturing with lung Mø possessed niche properties such as Csf1 and Tgfb1 expression. Propagated lung Mø from both the mouse types were polarised to an M2 phenotype highly expressing arginase 1 without M2 inducer treatment, whereas the M1 inducers significantly increased the iNOS-positive cell percentages in C57BL/6 mice relative to those in BALB/c mice. This is the first study to demonstrate fundamental properties of lung tissue-resident Mø propagated by co-culturing. Propagated lung Mø showing features of lung interstitial Mø can serve as an indispensable tool for investigating SARS-CoV-2 diseases, although lung interstitial Mø have gained little attention in terms of their involvement in SARS-CoV-2 disease pathology, in contrast to alveolar and recruited Mø.

Sarcoid in the Lower Eyelid Due to Bovine Papillomavirus-2 in a Donkey (Equus Asinus)

Sarcoid tumors were described by means of histopathological and molecular procedures in a 5-year-old donkey. Histopathological examination showed epithelial changes including hyperkeratosis, epithelial hyperplasia, koilocytosis, and rete peg formation. Neoplastic fibroblastic cells were plumb, large spindle to stellate and embedded in dense collagenous tissue. Results of Polymerase Chain Reaction and DNA sequence analysis showed that the etiological agent belonged to Bovine Papilloma Virus-II species in the delta papilloma virus genus. This case study represents the first report demonstrating the presence of Bovine Papilloma Virus-II in donkey sarcoid.

Antiparasitary potential and cytotoxic effect of Spondias tuberosa Arruda (Anacardiaceae)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the antiparasitic potential and cytotoxic effect of extracts by the leaves and roots of S. tuberosa. The results show that the extracts of S. tuberosa have low antipromastigote activity against strains of L. braziliensis, since there was no action at concentrations ≤ 500 µg/mL. While for L. infantum there was a significant action of the hydroalcoholic extract of the roots against promastigote forms, since there was 29.33 ± 1.94% of mortality for the treatment of 1000 µg/mL. The same extract showed antiepimastigote action against T. cruzi at a concentration ≥ 1000 µg/mL. Despite the low antiparasitic activities, it is possible to observe that the extracts of S. tuberosa have no cytotoxic action, except the hydroalcoholic extract of the roots. In this extract there was a total of 27.85 ± 2.41% of cytotoxicity against fibroblastic cells, in the highest concentration evaluated (1000 µg/mL).