‘Vernacular’ accommodations: wordplay in contemporary-traditional architecture theory

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Richards

One might be forgiven for thinking that the concept of ‘vernacular’ architecture is straightforward. First, it suggests a contemporary approach to building that uses local materials and crafts, as well as the indigenous architecture of tribal peoples, such as piledwellings over tropical waters, mud houses in the desert, or animal-hide teepees on the savannah. These buildings can be distinguished easily from other types of buildings that use industrialised construction techniques and materials, such as concrete, sheet glass, plastics and steel. Second, it might suggest an alternative and more wholesome set of values towards life, the environment and aesthetics, than that represented by the out-of-town retail park or the inner-city office tower. Why bother with the word ‘vernacular’, though, let alone ‘indigenous’ or the more problematic ‘primitive’, when ‘traditional’ works well enough? Nothing could be simpler.

Vernacular architecture expresses a highly sustainable approach to living as a result of strong connection to cultural and environmental context. On the other hand, today's architecture attempts to create artificial solutions that consume the environment and lack the authenticity of vernacular solutions. In this sense, vernacular living environments need to be conserved, appreciated, and studied carefully because of their great potential to inspire the new generation of living environments. Previous research on the topic has mostly focused on the use of local materials and inherited construction techniques, which are extremely beneficial. Starting from a short survey on international declarations and charters, and discussing the strong connectedness between vernacular design principles and human well-being as an outcome, this chapter will lead the discussion deeper on interiors. Interiors from selected cultural contexts will be examined in order to attract attention to the cultural components of well-being and their meaningful reflections on the creation of interior space.


Author(s):  
D. S. Romero Olguín ◽  
L. F. Guerrero Baca

Abstract. Climate, topography, hydrology, and all the factors of the natural environment affecting a population, as well as accessibility to materials and its ease of transport have constituted the variables determining the vernacular housing characteristics. In the territory which now covers Calimaya various cultural groups settled, making evident the syncretism of various building traditions. Since its formation the place was a site of passage, which communicated various goods transport, generating a peculiar urban physiognomy and cultural exchange, leading to the introduction of buildings, typical of this place. The town’s current situation is characterized by a rapid process of urbanization and social transformation, generating new needs of usage and habitability. This growth transforms the architecture of the place, replacing it with buildings with physiognomic features that do not correspond to the original context, causing loss of local construction techniques. Assuming that typology is a theoretical and creative activity allowing the definition and structuring of a system of conceptual relations, within certain limits, in order to determine the representative elements of vernacular architecture of the site, a typological analysis is being carried out to identify local materials and buildings systems, its characteristics, and spatial shape. Likewise, a constructive and architectural analysis, identifying traditional building techniques, which will favour the development of solutions facing the problem of conservation, maintenance and sustainability in the locality, is being carried out.


2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
Rebaz Khoshnaw

The Kurdistan region is currently undergoing rapid change and development in many ways. The economy is growing, and the population is increasing. Adopting a modern lifestyle is influencing individuals and social behavior. These factors are collectively affecting the architectural styles and construction techniques of the buildings. Abandoning the vernacular architecture has led to a loss of locality. This research outlines the characteristics and elements of Kurdish vernacular architecture in Erbil city and the villages in mountainous area; it then analyses them in terms of sustainability. A descriptive method is adopted to identify the sustainable aspects of traditional building techniques and designs. Finally, the paper concludes that with developed construction regulations, some of the designs and construction methods of traditional architecture, with the right management, can be adopted in modern buildings.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan María Songel

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between vernacular architecture and Frei Otto's work, searching for shared principles and specific singularities, and testing whether lightness and sustainability can be identified as a common goal.Design/methodology/approachThe study is focused on tents and yurts, as archetypal examples of traditional architecture, and membrane structures and gridshells, as two types of light structures developed by Frei Otto. A comparative analysis of their behavior, form, elements, types, materials and strength has been carried out.FindingsThe survey carried out shows that Frei Otto's innovative tents and gridshells were not based on form imitation of vernacular architecture, but rather on a thorough understanding of physical form-generating processes, driving specific materials to optimal form, like his experiments with soap film models to generate tensioned minimal surfaces or his experiments with hanging chain net models to generate compressive antifunicular lattice shells.Originality/valueThis paper highlights how Frei Otto's endeavor to get the maximum with the minimum, to achieve a lot from a little, is also a key target of lightness and sustainability, and an essential feature of vernacular architecture.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatiha Imane Mahcar ◽  
Belkacem Takhi

Algeria has a rich urban and architectural heritage, which presents regional specificities. Once the ksour was a symbol of balance and perfect harmony with its environment, unfortunately today they no longer reflect their former function. The Ksourian architecture, including that of Laghouat is a prestigious heritage of high value; it is the testimony of genius knowledge and the capacity of their occupants to adapt to the difficult environment. The housing is considered the essential core of this architecture it represents the entire composition of the ksar, its design is inspired by the immediate environment and respects ancestral social values. It is characterized by a simple architecture and simple construction techniques which are based on the construction in load-bearing walls, the construction materials used are local materials of great resistance and less expensive. This study addresses the theme revaluation of heritage, particularly our case study ksar El-Haouita which has experienced a neglecting and depopulation due to several factors. The ksar El-Haouita is among the most famous ksour located in the south of Algeria and exactly in the region of Laghouat. It is built with simple materials and techniques of construction. The construction materials used are local materials like stones and lime found in the environmental surroundings of the ksar. The aim of this study is to identify the major causes of the degradation of ksar, also to preserve ksar El-Haouita through specific operations and to improve the tourist attractiveness of ksar El-Haouita in order to promote heritage, to convert it back into sustainable Saharan tourism. Our study based in the first place; on a theoretical underpinning which contains the notions that have a relation with our theme, the problematic and the envisaged objective, then a presentation of ksar followed by a morphological analysis accompanied by identification of the problems to identify the phenomena of damage and its disfigurement. The last step is to treat an aspect for the development of ksar, this aspect is devoted to the restitution of the defensive system (doors, ramparts, ramparts of houses and towers) of the ksar, through a diagnostic and several operations like (rehabilitation and reconstruction). The aim result of this study is to show that the revaluation of the ksar is a very vast operation and proposes interventions that allow the preservation of the ksar and also to understand the elements that help the success of interventions and to put some of the parameters considered as reference elements and basic principles for the operations on the ksar and among these operations it is (the case study, which is the restitution of the defensive system of ksar El-Haouita).


Author(s):  
Meltem Vatan

This chapter is going to deal with the evolution of structural systems; traditional structural systems, modern structural systems and more than traditional approach to the structural systems. Beyond this, even though this chapter is related with structural systems as an integral part of architectural design, it is also going to explore the link between culture, traditional structural techniques, and influence of culture, cultural beliefs and local materials, natural constraints as local available materials, climate effects and disaster risks as drivers affecting the evolution of structural systems. Structural principles of traditional construction techniques will be analyzed. The link between modern buildings and their structural systems and traditional construction techniques will be discussed by tracing modern buildings and structural systems in terms of their evolution. The subject matter will be approached in a descriptive manner. The examples given will be used to trace the link between past and present as a way of associating cultural effect with the architectural uniqueness.


2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37 ◽  

Abstract The Imperial City Terrace (Huangchengtai), a high terrace clad with stone retaining walls on all sides, was the core area of the Shimao Archaic City Site enclosed by the inner city and outer city. In 2016, the gate remains and the upper part of the northern section of the eastern retaining wall, which was the best preserved part of the retaining walls of the Imperial City Terrace, were excavated. The gate remains of the Imperial City Terrace consisted of the square, the outer barbican, the bastions, and the inner barbican. The square was in front of the gate, and the gateway was paved with stone slabs. The entire gate has more complex structure, more magnificent scale and more elaborate construction techniques than that of the eastern gate of the Outer City. This excavation sets a new starting point for the exploration of the large-scale stone city settlement pattern of the Longshan Age.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-378
Author(s):  
Thomas Pelmoine ◽  
Anne Mayor

Architecture is an important component of cultural identity, but knowledge regarding construction techniques using local materials is gradually disappearing, and this subject has rarely been studied in sub-Saharan Africa. This ethno-archaeological study of current vernacular architecture and its evolution during the past three centuries in eastern Senegal therefore brings innovative results that are interesting on different levels. In relation to West Africa, the authors aim to provide new knowledge useful for archaeologists lacking references for interpreting past remains, as well as an archive for historical and heritage studies. More widely, the study constitutes a reference for the description of various mud-building techniques and an attempt to understand the mechanisms explaining their transformations, which should concern all scientists interested in vernacular architecture, in Africa and beyond. More precisely, this article accounts for the variability of techniques used for constructing walls and roofs of dwellings in the Faleme valley among different ethno-linguistic groups, while considering the environmental, cultural and socio-economic factors at play. The authors’ methodology is based on a description of the chaînes opératoires of construction, interviews, mapping and statistical analysis. The patterns observed facilitate a discussion on the evolution of techniques, environmental adaptations, the transfer of knowledge and the role of history in material culture dynamics.


2014 ◽  
Vol 600 ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
Liliana Fay ◽  
Paul Cooper ◽  
Luiz Henrique Lana ◽  
Danilo Pereira Souza

The growing industrialization of the construction materials, the evolution of the construction techniques and ease for conveyance, broadly speaking, eliminates the need to use local materials for construction. However, the earth still presents itself as a material with the potential to reintroduce the old and healthy construction habits, yet without precluding the search for technical innovations consistent with good environmental practices, and that may contribute to the formulation of simpler and cheaper processes. The current work developed the morphology of a new component of construction made with an easy acquisition and low cost material: soil-cement, a material and procedure proven, tested, and regulated. The redesign of a new construction component aims to facilitate the rise of the masonry through an innovative construction process, in which the settling mortar can be eliminated with a perfect fitting system. With the fitting block designed, the mould for pressing was then developed and prototypes were conformed, experimentally, in three soil-cement mixtures showing production feasibility. The prototypes were tested according to the related standards, being submitted to tests of resistance to compression, water absorption and sizing. The results showed that only the water absorption parameter did not comply with the standards and therefore must be targeted by future researches in order to improve the mixture composition.


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