scholarly journals Techno-Economic Analysis of Power-to-Heat Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Alberto Vannoni ◽  
Alessandro Sorce ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
Aristide Fausto Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Thermal Source ◽  
Economic Point

The heating and cooling sector, responsible for a large fraction of greenhouse emissions, may have a large scale impact on the energy system evolution contributing to smart industrial and domestic electrification; at the same time the recent increase of renewable energy sources installation, posing a threat in terms of grid stability, makes available a considerable amount of clean and cheap electrical energy during peak hours production. Power to heat technologies constitute a promising solution to face both these issues reducing the electric demand variability and decarbonizing the heat production. Large vapor compression heat pumps are a reliable technology able to compete, under the economic point of view, with the heat-only-boilers in order to serve district heating networks. Performance and economic profitability of a compression cycle is strongly dependent on available thermal source and the temperature of water delivered to the network. The present work explores and compares performance and economic indicators under different installation conditions, considering compression heat pumps employing four different fluids: a traditional HCF (R134a) and three natural fluids, ammonia (R717), butane (R600), and propane (R290), often preferred nowadays to HCFs due to the lower global warming potential.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Potential Contribution of District Heating to the Flexibility of the Future Italian Power System

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Chiara Magni ◽  
Sylvain Quoilin ◽  
Alessia Arteconi
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
The Future ◽  
Promising Solution

Flexibility is crucial to enable the penetration of high shares of renewables in the power system while ensuring the security and affordability of the electricity dispatch. In this regard, heat–electricity sector coupling technologies are considered a promising solution for the integration of flexible devices such as thermal storage units and heat pumps. The deployment of these devices would also enable the decarbonization of the heating sector, responsible for around half of the energy consumption in the EU, of which 75% is currently supplied by fossil fuels. This paper investigates in which measure the diffusion of district heating (DH) coupled with thermal energy storage (TES) units can contribute to the overall system flexibility and to the provision of operating reserves for energy systems with high renewable penetration. The deployment of two different DH supply technologies, namely combined heat and power units (CHP) and large-scale heat pumps (P2HT), is modeled and compared in terms of performance. The case study analyzed is the future Italian energy system, which is simulated through the unit commitment and optimal dispatch model Dispa-SET. Results show that DH coupled with heat pumps and CHP units could enable both costs and emissions related to the heat–electricity sector to be reduced by up to 50%. DH systems also proved to be a promising solution to grant the flexibility and resilience of power systems with high shares of renewables by significantly reducing the curtailment of renewables and cost-optimally providing up to 15% of the total upward reserve requirements.

scholarly journals Enabling Technologies for Sector Coupling: A Review on the Role of Heat Pumps and Thermal Energy Storage

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8195
Author(s):  
Omais Abdur Rehman ◽  
Valeria Palomba ◽  
Andrea Frazzica ◽  
Luisa F. Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Enabling Technologies

In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, current and future energy systems need to be made more efficient and sustainable. This change can be accomplished by increasing the penetration of renewable energy sources and using efficient technologies in energy generation systems. One way to improve the operation of the whole energy system is through the generation and end-use sector coupling. Power-to-heat energy conversion and storage technologies, in this view, are enabling technologies that can help in balancing and improving the efficiency of both thermal and electric grids. In the present paper, a comprehensive analysis of the role of heat pumps and thermal energy storage for sector coupling is presented. The main features of the analyzed technologies are presented in the context of smart electric grid, district heating and cooling and multi-carrier energy systems, and recent findings and developments are highlighted. Finally, the technical, social, and economic challenges in the adoption of investigated technologies are discussed.

scholarly journals ATSINAUJINANČIOS ENERGIJOS ŠALTINIŲ DIEGIMO MODERNIZUOJAMUOSE PASTATUOSE ĮVERTINIMAS GYVAVIMO CIKLO POŽIŪRIU: ATVEJO ANALIZĖ / EVALUATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES INSTALLATION IN REFURBISHED BUILDINGS IN TERMS OF LIFE CYCLE: CASE STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Artur Rogoža ◽  
Giedrius Šiupšinskas ◽  
Juozas Bielskus ◽  
Violeta Misevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Production And Consumption

Renewable energy technologies are increasingly integrated into the modernization of multi-apartment buildings, however their benefits are rarely assessed from a complex environmental, energy and economic point of view. The article presents the results of the modernization of a particular apartment building in terms of the production and consumption of energy in a building, from the viewpoint of the life cycle. The benefits of the building’s energy modernization were assessed by introducing active (heat pumps and solar collectors for hot domestic water production) and passive modernization measures. The results show that the integration of heat pumps when electricity is produced from non-renewable energy sources according to the analyzed categories of life cycle analysis is not eco-friendly.

scholarly journals Hybrid Energy Network Management: Simulation and Optimisation of Large Scale PV Coupled with Hydrogen Generation

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1734
Author(s):  
Marco Cerchio ◽  
Francesco Gullí ◽  
Maurizio Repetto ◽  
Antonino Sanfilippo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Hybrid Energy

The power production of electrical Renewable Energy Sources (RES), mainly PV and wind energy, is affected by their primary source of energy: solar radiation value or wind strength. Electrical networks with a large share of these sources must manage temporal imbalances of supply and demand. Hybrid Energy Networks (HEN) can mitigate the effects of this unbalancing by providing a connection between the electricity grid and and other energy vectors such as heat, gas or hydrogen. These couplings can activate synergies among networks that, all together, increase the share of renewable sources helping a decarbonisation of the energy sector. As the energy system becomes more and more complex, the need for simulation and optimisation tools increases. Mathematical optimisation can be used to look for a management strategy maximising a specific target, for instance economical, i.e. the minimum management cost, or environmental as the best exploitation or RES. The present work presents a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) optimisation procedure that looks for the minimum running cost of a system made up by a large-scale PV plant where hydrogen production, storage and conversion to electricity is present. In addition, a connection to a natural gas grid where hydrogen can be sold is considered. Different running strategies are studied and analysed as functions of electricity prices and other forms of electrical energy exploitation.

scholarly journals 5th generation district heating and cooling systems as a solution for renewable urban thermal energy supply

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stef Boesten ◽  
Wilfried Ivens ◽  
Stefan C. Dekker ◽  
Herman Eijdems
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling

Abstract. In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and decrease dependency on depleting fossil fuel resources the shift to a renewable energy system is necessary. District heating and cooling systems are a viable solution to provide heat and cold in urban environments. Renewable heat and cold sources that may get incorporated in future urban energy systems will not provide the same high temperature output as current fossil fuel fired systems. Fifth generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC) systems are decentralized, bi-directional, close to ground temperature networks that use direct exchange of warm and cold return flows and thermal storage to balance thermal demand as much as possible. 5GDHC offers a way to incorporate low temperature renewable heat sources including shallow geothermal energy, as well as reduce total demand by recuperating generated heat from cooling and generated cold from heating. The large scale of 5GDHC allows for optimal design of technical parts like heat pumps and thermal storage vessels, while increasing overall system efficiency by incorporating a large variety of supply and demand profiles. We provide a definition for 5GDHC and show how this concept differs from conventional district heating systems. The Mijnwater system in Heerlen, the Netherlands is showing what a city-level 5GDHC system can look like.

scholarly journals VARTOTOJŲ ENERGIJOS TAUPYMO IR ŠILUMINIO KOMFORTO SUPRATIMO TYRIMAS DARNIUOSE PASTATUOSE / SURVEY ON OCCUPANTS KNOWLEDGE ON ENERGY CONSERVATION AND INDOOR CLIMATE IN SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jonas Bielskus ◽  
Violeta Motuzienė
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Production And Consumption

Renewable energy technologies are increasingly integrated into the modernization of multi-apartment buildings, however their benefits are rarely assessed from a complex environmental, energy and economic point of view. The article presents the results of the modernization of a particular apartment building in terms of the production and consumption of energy in a building, from the viewpoint of the life cycle. The benefits of the building’s energy modernization were assessed by introducing active (heat pumps and solar collectors for hot domestic water production) and passive modernization measures. The results show that the integration of heat pumps when electricity is produced from non-renewable energy sources according to the analyzed categories of life cycle analysis is not eco-friendly.

scholarly journals A Method for Optimizing and Spatially Distributing Heating Systems by Coupling an Urban Energy Simulation Platform and an Energy System Model

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Annette Steingrube ◽  
Keyu Bao ◽  
Stefan Wieland ◽  
Andrés Lalama ◽  
Pithon M. Kabiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
District Heating ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
Building Level

District heating is seen as an important concept to decarbonize heating systems and meet climate mitigation goals. However, the decision related to where central heating is most viable is dependent on many different aspects, like heating densities or current heating structures. An urban energy simulation platform based on 3D building objects can improve the accuracy of energy demand calculation on building level, but lacks a system perspective. Energy system models help to find economically optimal solutions for entire energy systems, including the optimal amount of centrally supplied heat, but do not usually provide information on building level. Coupling both methods through a novel heating grid disaggregation algorithm, we propose a framework that does three things simultaneously: optimize energy systems that can comprise all demand sectors as well as sector coupling, assess the role of centralized heating in such optimized energy systems, and determine the layouts of supplying district heating grids with a spatial resolution on the street level. The algorithm is tested on two case studies; one, an urban city quarter, and the other, a rural town. In the urban city quarter, district heating is economically feasible in all scenarios. Using heat pumps in addition to CHPs increases the optimal amount of centrally supplied heat. In the rural quarter, central heat pumps guarantee the feasibility of district heating, while standalone CHPs are more expensive than decentral heating technologies.

scholarly journals Comparison between Concentrated Solar Power and Gas-Based Generation in Terms of Economic and Flexibility-Related Aspects in Chile

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063
Author(s):  
Catalina Hernández Moris ◽  
Maria Teresa Cerda Guevara ◽  
Alois Salmon ◽  
Alvaro Lorca
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Cost Of Energy

The energy sector in Chile demands a significant increase in renewable energy sources in the near future, and concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies are becoming increasingly competitive as compared to natural gas plants. Motivated by this, this paper presents a comparison between solar technologies such as hybrid plants and natural gas-based thermal technologies, as both technologies share several characteristics that are comparable and beneficial for the power grid. This comparison is made from an economic point of view using the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) metric and in terms of the systemic benefits related to flexibility, which is very much required due to the current decarbonization scenario of Chile’s energy matrix. The results show that the LCOE of the four hybrid plant models studied is lower than the LCOE of the gas plant. A solar hybrid plant configuration composed of a photovoltaic and solar tower plant (STP) with 13 h of storage and without generation restrictions has an LCOE 53 USD/MWh, while the natural gas technology evaluated with an 85% plant factor and a variable fuel cost of 2.0 USD/MMBtu has an LCOE of 86 USD/MWh. Thus, solar hybrid plants under a particular set of conditions are shown to be more cost-effective than their closest competitor for the Chilean grid while still providing significant dispatchability and flexibility.

scholarly journals Renewable energy sources in future energy balance of the republic of Kazakhstan

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 03006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekzhan Mukatov ◽  
Ravil Khabibullin
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Republic

The article describes the main factors determining the development of renewable energy sources in the world. The assessment of the applicability of foreign RES development strategies to Kazakhstan’s energy system has been made. The main tasks facing Kazakhstan’s energy system with large-scale implementation of renewable energy were formulated. On the basis of the analysis and performed calculations recommendations and basic principles have been made on development strategy of renewable energy sources in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Day-ahead Market Modelling of Large-scale Highly-renewable Multi-energy Systems: Analysis of the North Sea Region Towards 2050

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Gea Bermúdez ◽  
Kaushik Das ◽  
Hardi Koduvere ◽  
Matti Juhani Koivisto
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Integer Variables ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

This paper proposes a mathematical model to simulate Day-ahead markets of large-scale multi-energy systems with high share of renewable energy. Furthermore, it analyses the importance of including unit commitment when performing such analysis. The results of the case study, which is performed for the North Sea region, show the influence of massive renewable penetration in the energy sector and increasing electrification of the district heating sector towards 2050, and how this impacts the role of other energy sources such as thermal and hydro. The penetration of wind and solar is likely to challenge the need for balancing in the system as well as the profitability of thermal units. The degree of influence of the unit commitment approach is found to be dependent on the configuration of the energy system. Overall, including unit commitment constraints with integer variables leads to more realistic behaviour of the units, at the cost of increasing considerably the computational time. Relaxing integer variables reduces significantly the computational time, without highly compromising the accuracy of the results. The proposed model, together with the insights from the study case, can be specially useful for system operators for optimal operational planning.

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