scholarly journals Lymphocyte recruitment into the aortic wall before and during development of atherosclerosis is partially L-selectin dependent

2006 ◽  
Vol 203 (5) ◽  
pp. 1273-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Galkina ◽  
Alexandra Kadl ◽  
John Sanders ◽  
Danielle Varughese ◽  
Ian J. Sarembock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
T Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Progression Of Atherosclerosis ◽  
B And T Lymphocytes

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of large arteries. Flow cytometry of aortic cell suspensions showed that B and T lymphocytes and some macrophages and dendritic cells are already present in the adventitia of normal/noninflamed mouse aortas. Adoptively transferred lymphocytes constitutively homed to the aorta and resided within the adventitia up to 7 d after transfer. Lymphocyte trafficking into normal/noninflamed or atherosclerosis-prone aortas was partially L-selectin dependent. Antigen-activated dendritic cells induced increased T lymphocyte proliferation within the aorta 72 h after adoptive transfer. During progression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein-E–deficient mice, the total number of macrophages, T cells, and dendritic cells, but not B cells, increased significantly. This alteration in immune cell composition was accompanied by the formation of tertiary lymphoid tissue in the adventitia of atherosclerotic aortas. These results demonstrate that lymphocytes already reside within the normal/noninflamed aorta before the onset atherosclerosis as a consequence of constitutive trafficking. Atherosclerosis induces the recruitment of macrophages and dendritic cells that support antigen presentation.

Dysfunction and infection of freshly isolated blood myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in patients infected with HIV-1

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 4505-4511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Donaghy ◽  
Brian Gazzard ◽  
Frances Gotch ◽  
Steven Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
T Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dcs ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Recently it has been shown that the 2 populations of blood dendritic cells (DCs), termed plasmacytoid (pcDCs) and myeloid (myDCs), are reduced in HIV-1 infection. This study aimed to determine whether these 2 populations are targets for HIV-1 infection and whether their ability to stimulate T-lymphocyte proliferation is affected. Highly purified populations of myDCs and pcDCs were isolated from the blood of antiretroviral treatment–naive patients and assessed for the level of HIV provirus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We show that both populations are targets for HIV-1 infection as indicated by the presence of provirus in 12 of 14 pcDC and 13 of 14 myDC samples tested. A proportion of this provirus is integrated in myDCs. The ability of both myDCs and pcDCs from HIV-1–infected patients to stimulate allogeneic T-lymphocyte proliferation in a 6-day mixed leukocyte reaction was severely impaired, but was not mediated by secondary infection of T lymphocytes. Thus, in addition to depletion, both myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs are infected and show impaired functional capacity. These findings suggest that infection, depletion, and dysfunction of dendritic cells may contribute to the immunosuppression associated with HIV-1 disease.

Accessory cell dependent T lymphocyte proliferation: potent activity of dendritic cells

Immunobiology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle M. Goodell ◽  
Janet K. Stoltenborg ◽  
W.E. Bowers
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Accessory Cell ◽  
T Lymphocyte Proliferation

scholarly journals Dendritic cells that have interacted with antigen are targets for natural killer cells.

1985 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Shah ◽  
S M Gilbertson ◽  
D A Rowley
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
X Ray ◽  
T Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Proliferation Of Lymphocytes

Natural killer (NK) cells (poly I:C induced, x-ray resistant, nonadherent, Thy-1-, Ly-1.1-, Ly-2.1-, anti-asialo GM1-positive, and cytotoxic for YAC-1) suppressed T lymphocyte proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and autologous MLR cultures. Dendritic cells (DC) were required for proliferation of lymphocytes in both responses. The question whether lymphocytes or DC were the targets for NK cells was resolved by taking advantage of the fact that NK cells, but not DC, lose activity after 24 h in culture. Three findings indicate that DC, not lymphocytes, are targets for NK cells. First, responses suppressed by NK cells were fully restored by adding small numbers of DC to cultures 24 h after NK cells had been added. Second, DC incubated alone with NK cells and antigen for 24 h did not stimulate proliferation of lymphocytes. Third, lymphocytes incubated alone with NK cells for 24 h proliferated normally when DC were added. Additional experiments showed that DC became targets only after interaction with antigen. Thus, we suggest that NK cells may regulate lymphocyte proliferation by monitoring antigen presentation by DC.

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