scholarly journals Offensive, Defensive, and Generic Advertising Strategies in a Dynamic Oligopolistic Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Mostafa Jafari ◽  
Mohammad Mohammadpour omran ◽  
Ehsan Jahani
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Equilibrium Strategy ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Numerical Solution Method ◽  
Generic Advertising ◽  
Oligopolistic Market ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Advertising Strategies ◽  
Asymmetric Game

In today’s highly competitive business environment, advertisement plays an influential role in attracting customers and increasing market share. Companies adopt different advertising strategies in a competitive market, such as offensive, defensive, and generic, to keep and increase their market share. Researchers have generally modeled this problem using a dynamic differential game. All previous research studies have focused on finding these strategies in a duopoly market. Also, to simultaneously determine the optimal equilibrium strategy for these three strategies, the model is designed as a symmetric game due to the ease of solving. In contrast with the previous researches, the purpose of this paper is to present and solve an asymmetric game model to determine the optimal offensive, defensive, and generic advertising strategies in an oligopoly market. The proposed model’s objective is to obtain the maximum equilibrium profit for each company at any moment regarding the market share of each company and those of competitors. A numerical solution method based on the Pontryagin’s maximum principle is developed to solve the model. Then, the proposed model is solved for a triopoly market. Also, the sensitivity of the results to changes in model parameters has been investigated. The obtained results denote that in markets with more than two players under the asymmetric game, the proposed model can prescribe the optimal type of offensive, defensive, and generic advertising strategies.

scholarly journals THE MODEL FOR EVALUATION OF CORPORATE STRATEGIC CHANGES IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE: PLYWOOD MANUFACTURE

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrius Tamošiūnas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Strategic Changes ◽  
Human Material

The paper presents the model for evaluation of corporate management measures aimed at solving tasks related to climate change challenges (UN 1998; EP 2009; EC 2013) faced by enterprises and inevitably leading to corporate strategic changes. In a detailed yet concise manner, the paper analyses the model for evaluation of corporate strategic changes and specifies techniques for its application focusing on the following proposed criteria: the market share; financial capacity; business development potential; product competitiveness; and productivity. The paper reveals the benefit of the use of the proposed model for corporate strategic changes. Greater possibilities are created to rationalise the process of corporate strategic changes and the use as well as development of human, material and financial potentials, which lead to greater competitiveness of an enterprise. The model guides to directions and actions to be taken in order to continue increasing effectiveness of an enterprise in the context of climate change objectives. The evaluation model suggested by the author is also analysed according to flexibility of proposed techniques, the characteristics of which can be modified and adjusted depending on specifics of the changing business environment. This allows ensuring and promoting competitiveness of an enterprise while pursuing the climate change challenges (UN 1998; EP 2009; EC 2013) set for businesses.

In-Plane Flexible Ring Tire Model—Part 1: Modeling and Parameter Identification

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Xiaobo Yang ◽  
James Yang ◽  
Yunqing Zhang ◽  
Zeyu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Static Load ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Lumped Mass ◽  
Virtual Test ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Particle Swarm Method ◽  
Vehicle Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Flexible Ring

ABSTRACT The tire model is essential for accurate and efficient vehicle dynamic simulation. In this article, an in-plane flexible ring tire model is proposed, in which the tire is composed of a rigid rim, a number of discretized lumped mass belt points, and numerous massless tread blocks attached on the belt. One set of tire model parameters is identified by approaching the predicted results with ADAMS® FTire virtual test results for one particular cleat test through the particle swarm method using MATLAB®. Based on the identified parameters, the tire model is further validated by comparing the predicted results with FTire for the static load-deflection tests and other cleat tests. Finally, several important aspects regarding the proposed model are discussed.

EXPONENTIATED HALF-LOGISTIC LOMAX DISTRIBUTION WITH PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION

2019 ◽  
Vol XVI (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Farrukh Jamal ◽  
Hesham Mohammed Reyad ◽  
Soha Othman Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Akbar Ali Shah ◽  
Emrah Altun
Keyword(s):  
Real Data ◽  
Continuous Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Lomax Distribution ◽  
Mathematical Properties ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Probability Weighted Moment ◽  
Record Statistics ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Criterion

A new three-parameter continuous model called the exponentiated half-logistic Lomax distribution is introduced in this paper. Basic mathematical properties for the proposed model were investigated which include raw and incomplete moments, skewness, kurtosis, generating functions, Rényi entropy, Lorenz, Bonferroni and Zenga curves, probability weighted moment, stress strength model, order statistics, and record statistics. The model parameters were estimated by using the maximum likelihood criterion and the behaviours of these estimates were examined by conducting a simulation study. The applicability of the new model is illustrated by applying it on a real data set.

scholarly journals A General Temperature-Dependent Stress–Strain Constitutive Model for Polymer-Bonded Composite Materials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1393
Author(s):  
Xiaochang Duan ◽  
Hongwei Yuan ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Jingjing He ◽  
Xuefei Guan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Single Temperature ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Bonded Composite ◽  
Tension And Compression

This study develops a general temperature-dependent stress–strain constitutive model for polymer-bonded composite materials, allowing for the prediction of deformation behaviors under tension and compression in the testing temperature range. Laboratory testing of the material specimens in uniaxial tension and compression at multiple temperatures ranging from −40 ∘C to 75 ∘C is performed. The testing data reveal that the stress–strain response can be divided into two general regimes, namely, a short elastic part followed by the plastic part; therefore, the Ramberg–Osgood relationship is proposed to build the stress–strain constitutive model at a single temperature. By correlating the model parameters with the corresponding temperature using a response surface, a general temperature-dependent stress–strain constitutive model is established. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model are validated using several independent sets of testing data and third-party data. The performance of the proposed model is compared with an existing reference model. The validation and comparison results show that the proposed model has a lower number of parameters and yields smaller relative errors. The proposed constitutive model is further implemented as a user material routine in a finite element package. A simple structural example using the developed user material is presented and its accuracy is verified.

scholarly journals Flexural behavior of composite structural insulated panels with magnesium oxide board facings

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Smakosz ◽  
Ireneusz Kreja ◽  
Zbigniew Pozorski
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Computational Results ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Proposed Model

Abstract The current report is devoted to the flexural analysis of a composite structural insulated panel (CSIP) with magnesium oxide board facings and expanded polystyrene (EPS) core, that was recently introduced to the building industry. An advanced nonlinear FE model was created in the ABAQUS environment, able to simulate the CSIP’s flexural behavior in great detail. An original custom code procedure was developed, which allowed to include material bimodularity to significantly improve the accuracy of computational results and failure mode predictions. Material model parameters describing the nonlinear range were identified in a joint analysis of laboratory tests and their numerical simulations performed on CSIP beams of three different lengths subjected to three- and four-point bending. The model was validated by confronting computational results with experimental results for natural scale panels; a good correlation between the two results proved that the proposed model could effectively support the CSIP design process.

scholarly journals Mixture of Inverse Weibull and Lognormal Distributions: Properties, Estimation, and Illustration

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Sultan ◽  
A. S. Al-Moisheer
Keyword(s):  
Information Matrix ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Hazard Functions ◽  
Lognormal Distributions ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Estimation Of Model Parameters

We discuss the two-component mixture of the inverse Weibull and lognormal distributions (MIWLND) as a lifetime model. First, we discuss the properties of the proposed model including the reliability and hazard functions. Next, we discuss the estimation of model parameters by using the maximum likelihood method (MLEs). We also derive expressions for the elements of the Fisher information matrix. Next, we demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed model by fitting it to a real data set. Finally, we draw some concluding remarks.

A robust possibilistic programming model for production-routing problem in a three-echelon supply chain

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Beheshtinia ◽  
Narjes Salmabadi ◽  
Somaye Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Pickup And Delivery ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Production Routing

Purpose This paper aims to provide an integrated production-routing model in a three-echelon supply chain containing a two-layer transportation system to minimize the total costs of production, transportation, inventory holding and expired drugs treatment. In the proposed problem, some specifications such as multisite manufacturing, simultaneous pickup and delivery and uncertainty in parameters are considered. Design/methodology/approach At first, a mathematical model has been proposed for the problem. Then, one possibilistic model and one robust possibilistic model equivalent to the initial model are provided regarding the uncertain nature of the model parameters and the inaccessibility of their probability function. Finally, the performance of the proposed model is evaluated using the real data collected from a pharmaceutical production center in Iran. The results reveal the proper performance of the proposed models. Findings The results obtained from applying the proposed model to a real-life production center indicated that the number of expired drugs has decreased because of using this model, also the costs of the system were reduced owing to integrating simultaneous drug pickup and delivery operations. Moreover, regarding the results of simulations, the robust possibilistic model had the best performance among the proposed models. Originality/value This research considers a two-layer vehicle routing in a production-routing problem with inventory planning. Moreover, multisite manufacturing, simultaneous pickup of the expired drugs and delivery of the drugs to the distribution centers are considered. Providing a robust possibilistic model for tackling the uncertainty in demand, costs, production capacity and drug expiration costs is considered as another remarkable feature of the proposed model.

Kinetic Model of Adiabatic Temperature Rise of Mass Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-780
Author(s):  
Shou-Kai Chen ◽  
Bo-Wen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Adiabatic Temperature ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Hydration Reaction ◽  
Mass Concrete ◽  
Adiabatic Temperature Rise ◽  
Proposed Model

The adiabatic temperature rise model of mass concrete is very important for temperature field simulation, same to crack resistance capacity and temperature control of concrete structures. In this research, a thermal kinetics analysis was performed to study the exothermic hydration reaction process of concrete, and an adiabatic temperature rise model was proposed. The proposed model considers influencing factors, including initial temperature, temperature history, activation energy, and the completion degree of adiabatic temperature rise and is theoretically mature and definitive in physical meaning. It was performed on different initial temperatures for adiabatic temperature rise test; the data were employed in a regression analysis of the model parameters and initial conditions. The same function was applied to describe the dynamic change of the adiabatic temperature rise rates for different initial temperatures and different temperature changing processes and subsequently employed in a finite element analysis of the concrete temperature field. The test results indicated that the proposed model adequately fits the data of the adiabatic temperature rise test, which included different initial temperatures, and accurately predicts the changing pattern of adiabatic temperature rise of concrete at different initial temperatures. Compared with the results using the traditional age-based adiabatic temperature rise model, the results of a calculation example revealed that the simulated calculation results using the proposed model can accurately reflect the temperature change pattern of concrete in heat dissipation conditions.

Hysteretic Poisson INGARCH model for integer-valued time series

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 401-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buu-Chau Truong ◽  
Cathy WS Chen ◽  
Songsak Sriboonchitta
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Monte Carlo Sampling ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Over Dispersion ◽  
Ingarch Model

This study proposes a new model for integer-valued time series—the hysteretic Poisson integer-valued generalized autoregressive conditionally heteroskedastic (INGARCH) model—which has an integrated hysteresis zone in the switching mechanism of the conditional expectation. Our modelling framework provides a parsimonious representation of the salient features of integer-valued time series, such as discreteness, over-dispersion, asymmetry and structural change. We adopt Bayesian methods with a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling scheme to estimate model parameters and utilize the Bayesian information criteria for model comparison. We then apply the proposed model to five real time series of criminal incidents recorded by the New South Wales Police Force in Australia. Simulation results and empirical analysis highlight the better performance of hysteresis in modelling the integer-valued time series.

scholarly journals Predicting Corporate Financial Sustainability Using Novel Business Analytics

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung-jae Kim ◽  
Kichun Lee ◽  
Hyunchul Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Business Analytics ◽  
Financial Distress Prediction ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Distress Prediction

Measuring and managing the financial sustainability of the borrowers is crucial to financial institutions for their risk management. As a result, building an effective corporate financial distress prediction model has been an important research topic for a long time. Recently, researchers are exerting themselves to improve the accuracy of financial distress prediction models by applying various business analytics approaches including statistical and artificial intelligence methods. Among them, support vector machines (SVMs) are becoming popular. SVMs require only small training samples and have little possibility of overfitting if model parameters are properly tuned. Nonetheless, SVMs generally show high prediction accuracy since it can deal with complex nonlinear patterns. Despite of these advantages, SVMs are often criticized because their architectural factors are determined by heuristics, such as the parameters of a kernel function and the subsets of appropriate features and instances. In this study, we propose globally optimized SVMs, denoted by GOSVM, a novel hybrid SVM model designed to optimize feature selection, instance selection, and kernel parameters altogether. This study introduces genetic algorithm (GA) in order to simultaneously optimize multiple heterogeneous design factors of SVMs. Our study applies the proposed model to the real-world case for predicting financial distress. Experiments show that the proposed model significantly improves the prediction accuracy of conventional SVMs.

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