scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Improving E-Government Performance from Budget Challenges in Complex Financial Systems

Complexity ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Enkeleda Lulaj ◽  
Ismat Zarin ◽  
Shawkat Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Budget Process ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Novel Approach

Today, the risk management of budget challenges throughout the budget process is greater than ever. The process of change has been driven by new information and communication technologies, resulting in e-government. The purpose of this scientific paper is to see whether budgetary challenges have an effect on the performance of e-government in complex financial systems based on factors F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5: lack of information, lack of cooperation, lack of resources and reduction of focus, lack of budget experts and financial stability, and shortcomings and inconsistencies during the budget process. Therefore, this study aims to advance the understanding of how to manage risks from budgetary challenges by focusing on a novel approach to improve e-government performance in complex financial systems. Empirical research was based on three key issues: an approach to e-government, analyzing which variables need more attention to risk, and learning how to meet budgetary challenges to improve performance during governance. For this study, the data were conducted by Kosovo’s public institutions, more specifically at the central level (Ministry of Finance) and at the local level (38 municipalities of Kosovo). A total of 38 questionnaires were analyzed and divided into three sessions, which were analyzed through three analyses, such as factor analysis, data reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis, using SPSS version 23.0 for Windows. The research was conducted over the years 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020, while the analysis involved several processes, where some of the factors were removed in order to make the model acceptable. In this case, 21 variables were tested and divided into 5 factors. The results showed that special attention should be paid to these factors to reduce budgetary challenges and increase the performance of e-government in complex financial systems, such as (a) lack of resources (staff, funds, infrastructure, tools, etc.), (b) increasing the focus on risk management even after the transfer of funds from the ministry to the municipality, (c) the selection of programs based on priorities and not on the basis of wishes and policies, (d) having political stability, rule of law, and more control, and (e) having regulations and guidelines from the practices of developed countries as well as taking into account the opinions of budget experts. The implications of this paper have to do with only a considerable number of variables, which were taken in the study as well as only in the municipalities of Kosovo. In this case, for other analyses by other researchers, other variables can be analyzed in other countries by making comparisons.

The Relationship Between Climate Change and Financial Stability

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-133
Author(s):  
Joan Mwihaki Nyika
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Climate Risk Management ◽  
Liability Risks ◽  
The Relationship

Climate change is the greatest challenge of the modern day with the capacity to destabilize global financial systems and socioeconomic welfare. This chapter explores the uncertainties posed by climate change, its effects on the economy, the risks associated with the phenomenon, and approaches to manage them through risk management. Using documented evidence, climate change is shown to result in gross domestic product reductions; physical, transition, and liability risks that result to systemic financial problems characterized by liquidation of companies, losses for, and closure of financial firms and their intermediaries; and inability of investors to pay debts. Climate risk management is proposed as a solution to adapt to climate change and reduce its associated risks.

To the comparative analysis of the digitalization process of state administration in Russia and other countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-117
Author(s):  
A.N. Shvetsov
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Comprehensive Programs

The article compares the processes of dissemination of modern information and communication technologies in government bodies in Russia and abroad. It is stated that Russia began the transition to «electronic government» later than the developed countries, in which this process was launched within the framework of large-scale and comprehensive programs for reforming public administration in the 1980s and 1990s. However, to date, there is an alignment in the pace and content of digitalization tasks. At a new stage in this process, the concept of «electronic government» under the influence of such newest phenomena of the emerging information society as methods of analysis of «big data», «artificial intelligence», «Internet of things», «blockchain» is being transformed into the category of «digital government». Achievements and prospects of public administration digitalization are considered on the example of countries with the highest ratings — Denmark, Australia, Republic of Korea, Great Britain, USA and Russia.

Information publicity and transparency of budget process in the consolidated territorial communities of Lvivska oblast: estimation and ways of improvement

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Olha Zhabynets
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Budget Process ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Disclosure Of Information

In the process of decentralization in Ukraine, the information transparency of the management becomes important, which implies the openness and accessibility of information for all members of society. It reflects the current and perspective states of the reform process. Decentralization means not only a transferring of powers, but also financial resources and responsibilities from public authorities to local authorities. So the information publicity and transparency of the budget process should become the key indicator to estimate the effectiveness of the management of the finances of the consolidated territorial communities (CTCs). The purpose of the article is to evaluate and propose ways to increase the information publicity and transparency of the budget process at the local level. The author analyzes the implementation of the requirements of the Ukrainian legislation about informational publicity and transparency of the budget process in the CTCs of Lvivska oblast established in 2015-2017 and shows positive and negative moments in displaying of financial information on CTCs’ sites. A number of measures are proposed to increase the information publicity and transparency of the budget process at the local level. The author considers that in order to ensure publicity and transparency of the budget process in the CTCs of Lvivska oblast it is necessary: to unify and maximally simplify the mechanism of access of CTCs’ members to financial information through the standardization of the procedure for disclosure of information about the budget process; to increase the personal responsibility of the heads of the CTCs for the lack of financial information that is due to be published on the site of communities; to continuously monitor the availability and updating of information about the budget process on the CTCs’ sites in order to respond in a timely manner to the appearance of possible negative trends; to take preventive measures with the use of appropriate sanctions (fine, removal from office, etc.) in cases of delaying the submission of actual financial information to the site of CTCs, the disclosure of information in its entirety, the discovery of unreliability of financial information or other manipulations with figures or financial documents filed on CTCs’ website.

scholarly journals Characterising Local Knowledge across the Flood Risk Management Cycle: A Case Study of Southern Malawi

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Šakić Trogrlić ◽  
Grant Wright ◽  
Melanie Duncan ◽  
Marc van den Homberg ◽  
Adebayo Adeloye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Flood Risk Management ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Complex Knowledge

People possess a creative set of strategies based on their local knowledge (LK) that allow them to stay in flood-prone areas. Stakeholders involved with local level flood risk management (FRM) often overlook and underutilise this LK. There is thus an increasing need for its identification, documentation and assessment. Based on qualitative research, this paper critically explores the notion of LK in Malawi. Data was collected through 15 focus group discussions, 36 interviews and field observation, and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings indicate that local communities have a complex knowledge system that cuts across different stages of the FRM cycle and forms a component of community resilience. LK is not homogenous within a community, and is highly dependent on the social and political contexts. Access to LK is not equally available to everyone, conditioned by the access to resources and underlying causes of vulnerability that are outside communities’ influence. There are also limits to LK; it is impacted by exogenous processes (e.g., environmental degradation, climate change) that are changing the nature of flooding at local levels, rendering LK, which is based on historical observations, less relevant. It is dynamic and informally triangulated with scientific knowledge brought about by development partners. This paper offers valuable insights for FRM stakeholders as to how to consider LK in their approaches.

Cyberspace at the Grassroots: E-Governance and Citizen/Stakeholder Perceptions at the Local Level in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 245513332110340
Author(s):  
Habib Zafarullah ◽  
Jannatul Ferdous
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Citizen Perceptions

Bangladesh has experimented with e-governance since the early 2000s and currently ranks among the top 10 least developed countries. The deployment of e-governance at the local level has provided benefits to the rural people, with local councils increasingly using information and communications technology (ICT) to expand community-based delivery systems and augment rural service delivery. One-stop cyber centres provide a range of services that are user-friendly, cost-effective and less time-consuming. This study focuses on five sub-districts to inquire about the range of services provided by the e-service centres there. It has recorded citizen perceptions and the level of their satisfaction and the observations of service providers about the e-service mechanism. It also identifies key challenges in service delivery. Citizen satisfaction was measured using 12 indicators, while the service provider observations focused on social issues, governance, resource and technical issues. The study found several issues requiring attention to consolidate the e-governance system in the country.

EXPRESSION OF SOCIAL DIMENSION: THE DISTRIBUTION OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SERVICES FACEBOOK AND INSTAGRAM IN TERNOPIL REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Serhii Puhach
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Networking Service ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
The Social

The intensive development of new information and communication technologies (ICT) has led to major changes in society. The widespread use of smartphones and mobile communications has allowed today to create new programs and services to improve human life. This development changes the established habits of human communication, the relationship between society and the environment. A social networking service (SNS) is a service (on a website or through a mobile application) that allows users to share a personal profile and establish contacts with other users. Social networking services affect the territorial organization of society and can be used for the development of both settlements and entire territories to make their development more sustainable and balanced. The study of social networking services is currently on the rise. The joint efforts of many sciences (sociology, psychology, geography, mathematics, statistics, computer science, etc.) are needed to understand the subject essence of the phenomenon and to analyze data. Approaches to the study of social networking services can be divided into three large groups: 1) in terms of human relations and relationships; 2) in terms of content distributed on the network; 3) in terms of spatial aspects of the functioning of the social network. In Ukraine, there are no detailed studies of the spatial aspects of the spread of social networking services at the local level. In the Ternopil region, there is a pattern of concentration of the majority of Facebook and Instagram users in the largest cities, namely Ternopil, Chortkiv, Berezhany, Kremenets. Buchach, Borshchiv, Zalishchyky, Terebovlya, and Shumsk districts stand out among the districts by the number of users. An important indicator that characterizes the spread of social networking services is the penetration rate of the social network, which is calculated as the ratio of the number of users in a certain territory to the population living in it. Cities of regional subordination differ in terms of the penetration rate of SNS. The highest values were observed in Chortkiv, Ternopil, Kremenets cities. The penetration rate of social networking services in the administrative districts of Ternopil region is much lower. A relatively high rate (over 30%) was recorded in Buchach, Berezhany and Shumsk districts. Extremely low penetration rate (less than 5%) is in Zbarazh, Chortkiv, Zboriv districts which are adjacent to the cities of regional subordination. The social networking service Instagram is inferior to Facebook in level of development, and its main users are mainly young people. However, in the territories where the rate of Facebook penetration is the lowest in the region (Ternopil, Zbarazh, Chortkiv, Zboriv districts), the predominance of Instagram is noted. Thus, the main patterns of spatial distribution of SNS’ Facebook and Instagram in Ternopil region are: concentration of users in the largest cities, especially in the regional center Ternopil City (half of Facebook and Instagram users in the region); the number of users is proportional to the population in the territorial unit; small number of users and low penetration rate of the SNS’ in the administrative districts adjacent to the cities of regional subordination Ternopil and Chortkiv; among administrative districts, higher indicators of social network development are typical for northern and southern districts in comparison with central ones. Key words: social networking service (SNS), penetration rate of the SNS, Facebook, Instagram, Ternopil region.

CIVIL SOCIETY AS THE MAIN DRIVER SUSTAINABILITY OF COMMUNITIES IN CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Orlova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
National Security ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Community Sustainability ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
The Impact

The article considers a set of issues related to the formation of sustainability in the state at different levels of government: national, regional and local, with an emphasis on the sustainability of territorial communities. The concept of "sustainability" is defined, the criteria of sustainability for national security and its components at the local level are analyzed, in particular, in the formation of affluent communities. Sustainability is considered in various aspects: as a component of national security and defense of the state, in relation to the concepts of "cohesion" and "national security". Financial stability is justified as an important sign of the viability of local communities. The role of civil society in shaping the sustainability of communities is revealed, as well as different views of scientists on the impact of civil society on sustainability are analyzed. The foreign experience of implementation of the basic principles of sustainability in the life of communities is studied. The most important component of sustainability is the ability of the community to consolidate to counteract harmful and dangerous external and internal influences. Open partnership of public authorities with business structures and the public should be a prerequisite for this. It is proved that in the conditions of decentralization and various internal and external challenges, civil society (active citizens and civil society institutions) can and should be a driver of community sustainability. It is assumed that the implementation of state policy to promote the development of civil society should create a solid foundation of democracy in Ukraine as a component of national sustainability. Since the systemic mechanisms for ensuring national sustainability in the Ukrainian state at both national and local levels are not yet fully formed, the development and implementation of comprehensive strategic decisions in this area requires proper scientific substantiation, which is why the author’s contribution to this topic.

Wealth and governance in unstable states : South Africa as a context for Mancur Olson's theory of collective action

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Pamela E. Kelrick
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Empirical Analyses

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Mancur Olson's theory of collective action has primarily been construed and applied to developed countries with formal economies and (generally) socio-political stability. Yet, he asserted that his theory of collective action would apply in developing countries, even those which are far less stable. This study examined Olson's assertion that collective action applies in developing countries, using South Africa as a case study. The empirical analyses included canonical correlation analysis and generalized additive models, using attribute, spatial, and temporal data to understand the spatial and temporal dynamics between wealth and governance in South Africa. Geographic clustering by race and economic class remains persistent despite democratic reforms and improved governance engagement. In addition, findings of the empirical analyses were used to evaluate Olson's theory of collective action and frame the policy implications. Collective action is consistent with findings, but, in the context of developing countries, ought to include more prominent considerations of path dependency, increasing returns, and historical institutionalism.

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