scholarly journals Potential of different fluoride gels to prevent erosive tooth wear caused by gastroesophageal reflux

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Körner ◽  
Luca Georgis ◽  
Daniel B. Wiedemeier ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Florian J. Wegehaupt
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Erosive Tooth Wear ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Abstract Background This in-vitro-study aimed to evaluate the potential of different fluoride gels to prevent gastroesophageal reflux induced erosive tooth wear. Methods Surface baseline profiles of a total of 50 bovine enamel specimens [randomly assigned to five groups (G1–5)] were recorded. All specimens were positioned in a custom made artificial oral cavity and perfused with artificial saliva (0.5 ml/min). Reflux was simulated 11 times a day during 12 h by adding HCl (pH 3.0) for 30 s (flow rate 2 ml/min). During the remaining 12 h (overnight), specimens were stored in artificial saliva and brushed twice a day (morning and evening) with a toothbrush and toothpaste slurry (15 brushing strokes). While specimens in the control group (G1) did not receive any further treatment, specimens in G2–5 were coated with different fluoride gels [Elmex Gelée (G2); Paro Amin Fluor Gelée (G3); Paro Fluor Gelée Natriumfluorid (G4); Sensodyne ProSchmelz Fluorid Gelée (G5)] in the evening for 30 s. After 20 days, surface profiles were recorded again and enamel loss was determined by comparing them with the baseline profiles. The results were statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey`s HSD post-hoc test. Results The overall highest mean wear of enamel (9.88 ± 1.73 µm) was observed in the control group (G1), where no fluoride gel was applied. It was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to all other groups. G2 (5.03 ± 1.43 µm), G3 (5.47 ± 0.63 µm, p = 0.918) and G4 (5.14 ± 0.82 µm, p > 0.999) showed the overall best protection from hydrochloric acid induced erosion. Enamel wear in G5 (6.64 ± 0.86 µm) was significantly higher compared to G2 (p = 0.028) and G4 (p = 0.047). Conclusions After 20 days of daily application, all investigated fluoride gels are able to significantly reduce gastroesophageal reflux induced loss of enamel.

scholarly journals Potential of Different Fluoride Gels to Prevent Erosive Tooth wear caused by Gastroesophageal Reflux

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Körner ◽  
Luca Georgis ◽  
Daniel Wiedemeier ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Florian Wegehaupt
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Erosive Tooth Wear ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Enamel Wear

Abstract Background: This in-vitro-study aimed to evaluate the potential of different fluoride gels to prevent gastroesophageal reflux induced erosive tooth wear.Methods: Surface baseline profiles of a total of 50 bovine enamel specimens (randomly assigned to five groups (G1–5)) were recorded. All specimens were positioned in a custom made artificial oral cavity and perfused with artificial saliva (0.5 ml/min). Reflux was simulated 11 times a day during 12 hours by adding HCl (pH 3.0) for 30 s (flow rate 2 ml/min). During the remaining 12 hours (overnight), specimens were stored in artificial saliva and brushed twice a day (morning and evening) with a toothbrush and toothpaste slurry (15 brushing strokes). While specimens in the control group (G1) did not receive any further treatment, specimens in G2–5 were coated with different fluoride gels (Elmex Gelée (G2); Paro Amin Fluor Gelée (G3); Paro Fluor Gelée Natriumfluorid (G4); Sensodyne ProSchmelz Fluorid Gelée (G5)) in the evening for 30 s. After 20 days, surface profiles were recorded again and enamel loss was determined by comparing them with the baseline profiles. The results were statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey`s HSD post-hoc test. Results: The overall highest mean wear of enamel (9.88 ± 1.73 µm) was observed in the control group (G1), where no fluoride gel was applied. It was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to all other groups. G2 (5.03 ± 1.43 µm) showed the best protection from hydrochloric acid induced erosion, though G3 (5.47 ± 0.63 µm, p = 0.918) and G4 (5.14 ± 0.82 µm, p > 0.999) revealed almost equal and statistically not different results. Enamel wear in G5 (6.64 ± 0.86 µm) was significantly higher compared to G2 (p = 0.028) and G4 (p = 0.047).Conclusions: After 20 days of daily application, all investigated fluoride gels are able to significantly reduce gastroesophageal reflux induced loss of enamel.

scholarly journals Do different bleaching protocols affect the enamel microhardness?

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 025-030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Francisco Lia Mondelli ◽  
Taisa R. Conti Garrido Gabriel ◽  
Fabio Antonio Piola Rizzante ◽  
Ana Carolina Magalhães ◽  
Juliana Fraga Soares Bombonatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Light Activation ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Surface Alteration ◽  
Bovine Enamel

ABSTRACT Objective: Tooth bleaching tends to increase enamel roughness and porosity, in addition to reducing surface microhardness. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of bleaching treatments using different hydrogen peroxide (HP) concentrations, with and without light activation on bovine enamel microhardness. Materials and Methods: The buccal surfaces of sixty bovine incisors were flattened and polished and the enamel specimens were divided into six groups: G1: Control, exposed to artificial saliva; G2: 35% HP applied in two sessions (45’ each); G3: 35% HP applied in two sessions (3 × 15’ each); G4: 35% HP applied in one session (3 × 7’30”) plus hybrid light (HL); G5: 25% HP applied in one session (3 × 7’30”) plus HL; and G6: 15% HP applied in one session (3 × 7’30”) plus HL. After the treatment, the enamel specimens were stored in artificial saliva. The surface microhardness (Knoop) was measured at the baseline, 24 h and 7 days after bleaching. The data was analyzed using the ANOVA test, followed by the Tukey–Krummer test (P < 0.05). Results: All bleaching procedures lead to a decrease in surface microhardness when compared with the control group after 24 h. The lowest change in surface microhardness was found in the specimens treated with 15% HP plus HL. However, 35% HP plus HL induced the highest decrease in surface microhardness. After 7 days of remineralization, the surface microhardness returned to normal levels for all bleached specimens. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the bleaching protocols caused a slight enamel surface alteration. However, the remineralization process minimized these effects.

scholarly journals Effect of topical fluoride on microshear bond strength of primary enamel to composite, microhardness of enamel and its surface morphology: An in vitro study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Mina Biria ◽  
Sajedeh Namaei Ghasemi ◽  
Seyedeh Mahsa Sheikh-Al-Eslamian ◽  
Narges Panahandeh
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Microshear Bond Strength

Background. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the microshear bond strength (μSBS), microhardness and morphological characteristics of primary enamel after treating with sodium fluoride (NaF) and acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF). Methods. Forty-eight primary canines were cut into mesial and distal sections and assigned to five groups randomly: group 1 (immersed in saliva as a control), group 2 (treated with NAF and immersed in saliva for 30 minutes), group 3 (treated with APF and immersed in saliva for 30 minutes), group 4 (treated with NAF and immersed in saliva for 10 days), and group 5 (treated with APF and immersed in saliva for 10 days). Composite resin (Filtek Z250) was bonded on the specimens (n=15) for measuring the μSBS. After storage in 37°C artificial saliva for 24 hours, µSBS and Vickers hardness tests (10 readings) were performed. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene’s and Tukey HSD tests (P<0.05). Morphological analysis of enamel and modes of failure were carried out under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) on two remaining specimens. Results. Significant differences in μSBS were only noted between groups 2 and 4 (P=0.024). Group 3 showed a significant decrease in hardness after storage in artificial saliva (P<0.001), with a significantly lower hardness than the other groups (P<0.001). The SEM observations showed irregular particles in groups 3 and 5; uniform, smooth and thin coats were seen in groups 2 and 4. Conclusion. Fluoride therapy with NaF and APF gels prior to restorative treatments had no adverse effects on the microshear bond strength.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Bioactive Glass and the Er:YAG Laser on the Remineralization of the Affected Dentin: A Comparative In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Moghaddas ◽  
Horieh Moosavi ◽  
Sara Yaghoubirad ◽  
Nasim Chiniforush
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dentinal Tubule ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Cavity Floor

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the bioactive glass, the glass ionomer, and the Erbium YAG laser as liners on the remineralization of the affected dentin. Methods: The present study was conducted on 64 healthy extracted human molars divided into 4 groups, 1 control group and 3 experimental groups. After artificially inducing dentinal caries lesions, each of the experimental groups was applied to the cavity floor and then restored with a composite. The samples were stored after thermocycling in an incubator for two months. Finally, the hardness of the cavity floor was measured at 3 depths of 20, 50 and 100 μm by the Vickers microhardness tester. The dentin conditions underneath the liners were also evaluated with FESEM. Statistical analysis was performed by two-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Games-Howell test (P<0.05). Results: Among the groups, the lowest microhardness value was in the control group (P<0.05) except at a depth of 100 μm; therefore, there was no significant difference between the control group and the bioactive glass (P>0.05). The laser group had the highest microhardness value, which was significantly different from the control group (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the laser and bioactive glass (P<0.05), except at a depth of 20 μm. The laser and glass ionomer had only a significant difference at a depth of 100 μm (P<0.05). The microhardness value induced by glass ionomer was higher than bioactive glass, which in no depth was significant (P>0.05). Partial dentinal tubule occlusion was observed with FESEM in each of the experimental groups as compared to the control group. Conclusion: The microhardness values were higher in all groups than in the control group. The laser might be more successful in remineralization than the other ones.

scholarly journals Effect of NaF, SnF2, and TiF4Toothpastes on Bovine Enamel and Dentin Erosion-Abrasion In Vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Picchi Comar ◽  
Marina Franciscon Gomes ◽  
Naiana Ito ◽  
Priscila Aranda Salomão ◽  
Larissa Tercília Grizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Metal Fluoride ◽  
Tooth Erosion ◽  
Electric Toothbrush ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Enamel Wear ◽  
Dentin Erosion

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of toothpastes containing TiF4, NaF, and SnF2on tooth erosion-abrasion. Bovine enamel and dentin specimens were distributed into 10 groups (n=12): experimental placebo toothpaste (no F); NaF (1450 ppm F); TiF4(1450 ppm F); SnF2(1450 ppm F); SnF2(1100 ppm F) + NaF (350 ppm F); TiF4(1100 ppm F) + NaF (350 ppm F); commercial toothpaste Pro-Health (SnF2—1100 ppm F + NaF—350 ppm F, Oral B); commercial toothpaste Crest (NaF—1.500 ppm F, Procter & Gamble); abrasion without toothpaste and only erosion. The erosion was performed 4 × 90 s/day (Sprite Zero). The toothpastes’ slurries were applied and the specimens abraded using an electric toothbrush 2 × 15 s/day. Between the erosive and abrasive challenges, the specimens remained in artificial saliva. After 7 days, the tooth wear was evaluated using contact profilometry (μm). The experimental toothpastes with NaF, TiF4, SnF2, and Pro-Health showed a significant reduction in enamel wear (between 42% and 54%). Pro-Health also significantly reduced the dentin wear. The toothpastes with SnF2/NaF and TiF4/NaF showed the best results in the reduction of enamel wear (62–70%) as well as TiF4, SnF2, SnF2/NaF, and TiF4/NaF for dentin wear (64–79%) (P<0.05). Therefore, the experimental toothpastes containing both conventional and metal fluoride seem to be promising in reducing tooth wear.

scholarly journals The role of beluntas (pluchea indica less.) leaf extract in preventing the occurrence of fibroblasts hyperproliferation: An in vitro preliminary study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakti Charlia Maharani ◽  
Indah Julianto ◽  
Suci Widhiati
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Collagen I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Matrix Deposition ◽  
Post Hoc

Beluntas (Pluchea indica Less.) is a herbal plant which contains variety of benefits. Quercetin, one of flavonoid, is the most bioactive agent in beluntas leaf. Collagen inhibition by quercetin may modulate extracellular matrix deposition and inhibit the formation of hypertrophic scar. This was an in vitro study with senescent fibroblasts to determine the role of beluntas leaf extract in preventing the occurence of fibroblasts hyperproliferations. There were 4 groups were stained by anti-collagen I antibodies and secondary antibody. Flowcytometry analysis was done to measure the fibroblasts density. Anova test was performed with a value of p=0.000 (p<0.05). A post hoc analysis showed significant differences in the average decrease of fibroblasts that absorbs staining anti-collagen I antibody treatment group compared with the control group. There were significant effects of beluntas leaf extract in preventing the occurrence of fibroblasts hyperproliferations. Beluntas leaf extract with a concentration of 80 mol/L had the most significant effect on the fibroblasts density. Thus beluntas leaf extract has the ability in preventing the occurrence of fibroblasts hyperproliferation.

scholarly journals Effect of a carbamide peroxide bleaching gel containing calcium or fluoride on human enamel surface microhardness

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério de Oliveira ◽  
Adriana Franco Paes Leme ◽  
Marcelo Giannini
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Human Enamel

This in vitro study evaluated the surface microhardness of human enamel submitted to bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) containing calcium or fluoride. Ninety-eight dental blocks (5 x 5 mm²) with polished enamel surfaces were randomly assigned to 7 treatment groups (n=14), as follows: without bleaching and storage in artificial saliva (control); 10% CP; 10% CP + 0.05% calcium; 10% CP + 0.1% calcium; 10% CP + 0.2% calcium; 10% CP + 0.2% fluoride; and 10% CP + 0.5% fluoride. During 14 days, enamel surfaces were daily exposed to a 6-h bleaching regimen followed by storage in artificial saliva. Surface microhardness was measured before (baseline), during (7th day), immediately after bleaching (14th day) and 1 week post bleaching. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). All treatments reduced SM significantly during the bleaching cycle (7th day), immediately after bleaching (14th day) and 1 week post bleaching, compared to baseline and to the unbleached control group. In conclusion, in spite of the addition of calcium and fluoride, all bleaching treatments affected the enamel surface microhardness.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF LIGHT AND SUGAR-FREE BEVERAGES ON DENTIN EROSION - AN IN VITRO STUDY

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Ana Luiza Ubinha Moino ◽  
Catarina Ribeiro Barros Alencar ◽  
Maisa Camilo Jordão ◽  
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf ◽  
Ana Carolina Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Erosive Wear ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Root Dentin ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Dentin Erosion

AIM: To compare the erosive effect of different light and sugar free beverages in relation to their regular version, on dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bovine root dentin samples were randomized into 9 different types of drinks (each n=12): Coca-cola®, Light Coca-cola®, Coca-cola® Zero, Guaraná Antartica®, Guaraná Antartica® Zero, Sprite®, Sprite® Zero, Del Valle® Passion fruit juice and Del Valle® Light Passion fruit juice. During each one of the 10 experimental days, the samples were subjected to 3 erosive demineralization (by immersion of the sample in the studied drink) and remineralization (by immersion of the sample in artificial saliva) cycles. Profilometry was evaluated at the end of the 1st, 5th and 10th days. For each type of drink, the data were tested using 2 way ANOVA and Bonferroni test (p<0.05). RESULTS: Erosive cycling with regular cola resulted in a higher wear on the first day, on the 5th day the regular drink was similar to zero and greater than light version, on the 10th day there was no difference between the versions of cola drink. For the Sprite drink there was difference between the versions just in the 10th day, in which the higher wear was promoted by the zero version. For guaraná and juice beverages there was no differences between versions in relation to the resulted erosive wear. CONCLUSION: Erosive tooth wear promoted by light and sugar-free or regular versions of soft drinks and juices showed distinct behaviours over the cycling time.

scholarly journals Influence of Exposing Root Canal Dentin to Calcium Hydroxide on Its Flexural Strength

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Diatri Nari Ratih
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Root Canal Dentin

Calcium hydroxide has been used extensively in endodontic treatments, for instance as an intra-canal dressing; however, the exposure of root canal dentin to calcium hydroxide may affect its flexural strength and could have important clinical implications for endodontic treatment. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of calcium hydroxide on the flexural strength of root canal dentin.Seventy-two extracted single-rooted human mandibular premolars were used in this study. Each tooth was instrumented using crown-down technique and was irrigated using sterile saline. The teeth were assigned into three groups of 24 each. The prepared root canal system of each tooth was filled with calcium hydroxide mixed with sterile saline (group 1), a calcium hydroxide commercially available product (UltraCal®) (group 2) or saline solution (group 3, as control). The apices and access opening were sealed using composite resin, and the teeth were immersed in artificial saliva. After 7, 14 and 30 days of immersion, the inner root canal dentin of 8 teeth respectively from each group were sectioned to create dentin bars (1 X 1 mm, with 7 mm in length). Each dentin bar then was subjected to a three-point bending flexural test using MTS (Universal Testing Machine). Data gathered were then analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test with the level of significance of 95%. The results showed that exposure to calcium hydroxide either using calcium hydroxide mixed with sterile saline or UltraCal® for 14 and 30 days can reduce flexural strength of root canal dentin compared to control group (p<0.05). In contrast, after 7 days exposure, there was no significantly different of flexural strength between three groups (p>0.05).   It can be concluded that calcium hydroxide reduced the flexural strength of root canal dentin. The longer the exposure to calcium hydroxide would produce a greater effect on flexural strength of root canal dentin.   

scholarly journals Coated stainless steel archwires' discoloration measured by computerized system (An in-vitro study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Abeer B Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Computerized System

Background: Aesthetic archwires are used to overcome the aesthetic problems of stainless steel wires but the color of the coating layer can be changed with time when exposed to oral environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of color change of different aesthetic archwires from different companies under different coloring solutions. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty samples of coated archwires from three companies (Highland, G&H and Dany) were immersed in 5 solutions (artificial saliva, turmeric, tea, coffee and Miranda) to evaluate the degree of color changes after 7, 14 and 21 days using visible spectrophotometer. Data were collected and analyzed using one way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s tests. Results: Turmeric solution caused high color change than other solutions. Aesthetic archwires from Highland company showed the highest degree of color change than archwires from other companies. Conclusions: Turmeric solution produced more discoloration than other solutions and the effects of these solutions are related to different chemical compositions of those solutions.

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