Traditions of Russian Folklore in P. A. Vyazemsky’s Poems “Another Troika” and “In Memory of the Painter Orlovsky”

Author(s):  
Сейран Акопович Джанумов

Статья посвящена проблеме взаимоотношений литературы и фольклора на материале двух стихотворений русского поэта, литературного критика XIX в. П. А. Вяземского (1792-1878) « Еще тройка» (1834) и «Памяти живописца Орловского» (между 1832 и 1837), в которых слиты воедино народно-песенная образность, традиционные фольклорные мотивы и проникновенный лиризм. Отмечается, что обращение Вяземского к фольклору глубоко органично и вполне закономерно для него, неразрывно соединено с его пониманием народности литературы, поэзии природной, самобытной, а не заимствованной. Делается вывод, что связь рассмотренных в статье стихотворений Вяземского с устным народным творчеством нашла выражение в широком и функционально разнообразном использовании поэтики народных песен, пословиц и поговорок, а также мифологических персонажей русского фольклора. Применяя фольклорные образы и мотивы, Вяземский меньше всего заботится о соблюдении местного, национального колорита, так называемого couleur locale (фр.). Введение поэтических формул русского фольклора всегда обусловлено идейно-художественным замыслом, содержанием и образным строем стихотворения. Именно органичная, нерасторжимая и глубокая связь творчества Вяземского с русской национальной стихией, литературными и народнопоэтическими традициями обеспечила его произведениям непреходящую ценность и эстетическую значимость. The article considers the problem of the relationship between literature and folklore based on two poems by the 19th-century Russian poet and literary critic P. A. Vyazemsky (1792-1878), “Another Troika” (1834) and “In Memory of the Painter Orlovsky” (between 1832 and 1837). The poems merge folk song imagery, traditional folk motifs and heartfelt lyricism. The author notes that Vyazemsky’s appeal to folklore is deeply organic and quite natural for him, inextricably linked with his understanding of the national character of literature, nature poetry, and originality. The author demonstrates that the connection of Vyazemsky’s poems with oral folk art manifests itself in an extensive and functionally diverse use of the poetics of folk songs, proverbs and sayings, as well as in references to mythological characters of Russian folklore. Using folk images and motifs, Vyazemsky downplays the depiction of local, national color (so-called “couleur locale”). The introduction of poetic formulas of Russian folklore is due to the poet’s ideological and artistic design and corresponds to the poem’s content and image structure. It is the organic, indissoluble and deep connection of Vyazemsky’s poetry with the Russian national element - literary and folk poetic traditions - that provides his works with enduring value and aesthetic significance.

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-226
Author(s):  
T. M. Balmatova ◽  

The main theme of flamenco songs - urban folklore of Andalusia - is the relationship between a man and a woman. Couplets, written in the form of three or quatrains, tell about the evolution of feeling and serve as a source of information about the cultural, ideological and linguistic characteristics of the south of Spain. The authors of the couplets are representatives of an ethnoculturally heterogeneous socially vulnerable stratum of urban society. The purpose of the article is to understand the formation, existence and disintegration of the union of a man and a woman through the prism of a folk song. The material was the collection of A. Machado Alvarez, published in 1881, reflecting the manners and relationships of people of the 19th century.


2020 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
D. Meshkov

The article presents some of the author’s research results that has got while elaboration of the theme “Everyday life in the mirror of conflicts: Germans and their neighbors on the Southern and South-West periphery of the Russian Empire 1861–1914”. The relationship between Germans and Jews is studied in the context of the growing confrontation in Southern cities that resulted in a wave of pogroms. Sources are information provided by the police and court archival funds. The German colonists Ludwig Koenig and Alexandra Kirchner (the resident of Odessa) were involved into Odessa pogrom (1871), in particular. While Koenig with other rioters was arrested by the police, Kirchner led a crowd of rioters to the shop of her Jewish neighbor, whom she had a conflict with. The second part of the article is devoted to the analyses of unty-Jewish violence causes and history in Ak-Kerman at the second half of the 19th and early years of 20th centuries. Akkerman was one of the southern Bessarabia cities, where multiethnic population, including the Jews, grew rapidly. It was one of the reasons of the pogroms in 1865 and 1905. The author uses criminal cases` papers to analyze the reasons of the Germans participation in the civilian squads that had been organized to protect the population and their property in Ackerman and Shabo in 1905.


2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Gronsky

The article examines the relationship between Western Russianism (Zapadnorusizm) and Byelorussian nationalism. Byelorussian nationalism is much younger than Western Russianism, finally shaping only in the end of the 19th century. Before 1917 revolution Byelorussian nationalism could not compete with Western Russianism. The national policy of the Bolsheviks contributed to the decline of Western Russianism and helped Byelorussian nationalism to gain stronger positions. However, Byelorussian nationalists actively cooperated with the occupation authorities during the Great Patriotic war. That caused distinctly negative attitude of Byelorussians towards the movement and collaborators. Currently, Byelorussian nationalism is supported both by the opposition and by the government. Western Russianism has no political representation, but is supported by the majority of Byelorussian population.


2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-56
Author(s):  
Christian Schmitt

Abstract The discrepancy between common temporary expectations of Switzerland as idyll on the one hand, and the reality of its industrially organized tourism on the other, imposes irritations upon the touristic gaze. This article, then, traces the origins of this discrepancy and examines the relationship between Swiss idyll and tourism in the 19th century. The analyses of Ida Hahn-Hahn’s Eine Idylle and Hans Christian Andersen’s Iisjomfruen showcase different ways of relating idyll and tourism to one another as well as the aesthetic merit produced by this constellation.


1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
J. A. Le Loux-Schuringa

Summary In this paper some theories on tenses are described. These theories appeared in the Netherlands in the first half of the 19th century. The purpose is not just describing the different tense-systems of P. Weiland (1805), W. Bilderdijk (1826), W. G. Brill (1846) and L. A. te Winkel (1866). In the first half of the 19th century some fundamental changes took place. It is shown that these changes are based upon continuity of research of time and tense in the Dutch tradition. This continuity is found on three levels: (a) The research was concentrated on the verbal forms, no other information from the sentence was used. (b) The grammarians took the relationship between linguistic forms and logical categories as a one-to-one relation. (c) The morphological form of the Dutch language determined the grammatical representation of the tense-systems more and more.


2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-549
Author(s):  
V. Necla Geyikdagi

“Jack of all trades” Ahmed Midhat Efendi, one of the most famous and popular Ottoman writers of the 19th century, ranged widely in his subject matter, which included economics. Although he was criticized for not having a proper education in the field, his independent thinking made him the most important critic of the laissez-faire system that prevailed in the Ottoman Empire. He disapproved of the liberalism transferred from the West in a normative framework.


2021 ◽  
pp. 142-163
Author(s):  
ARKADII MAN'KOVSKII

The paper explores the genre of scarcely studied play by Russian minor writer Alexei V. Timofeev (1812-1883) Rome and Carthage (1837). Timofeev’s contemporary literary critic Osip Senkovskii treated like poet’s failure his use of romantic techniques in the play on ancient plot. Taking into account this opinion the paper analyzes the paratextual elements in the play, the way of describing characters, the division of the play into acts, the connection of the plot events with historical facts. The paper argues that the play approaches the kind of romantic drama, which the author suggests to call “historical fantasy” Its main feature is the coexisting in the plot mythology and religious tradition, on the one hand, and historical events, on the other, the heroes of historical chronicles and the heroes of folk legends, belief in miracles and rationalism. The goal of historical fantasy is to produce a generalized image of the time, to convey the spirit of the epoch while the dramatic action takes a secondary place. Samples of the genre were given in the works of Alexander A. Shakhovskoi, Alexander I. Gertsen, Apollon N. Maikov. Timofeev’s play was just in the way to this kind of drama.


2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-329
Author(s):  
Mariko Sasaki ◽  
Juju Masunah

This article aims to discuss Kusumadinata’s scale theory in Sundanese music which has been taught in educational institutions in West Java, Indonesia. According to Kusumadinata’s scale theory, sorog and pelog are scales derived from salendro scale in gamelan salendro performance. In my previous research, I investigated three genres of Sundanese performing arts which have existed since the Hindu era, namely goong renteng, pantun, and tarawangsa. The results indicate that the pelog scale has independently existed since the Hindu era. Then, I analyzed the phenomenon that occurs in the gamelan salendro performance, i.e., its melody (rebab and vocals) conventionally modulate into scale ‘like sorog’, occasionally into scale ‘like pelog’. In contrast, the instruments of gamelan are in the salendro scale. However, the analysis on the sorog in the previous research was not enough, so that in this paper, I will focus on the sorog. To find out the relationship between melody (vocal and rebab) and gamelan instruments, I examined the actual performances of gamelan salendro and wayang golek purwa. It became clear that the salendro scale derives four types of sorog. The findings of this study indicate that sorog has existed since the 19th century by this phenomenon, and the scale now called sorog is a scale derived from salendro.


Author(s):  
Natalia Zherlitsina

The article examines the relationship between the two leading powers of the 19th century, Great Britain and France, against the background of colonial rivalry in North Africa. Analyzing relevant English, French, and Moroccan diplomatic documents, the author concludes that the issue of establishing a dominant influence in Morocco was one of the main issues in the relations between Great Britain and France in 1830–1840. The French takeover of Algeria disrupted the regional and European balance of influence and gave a conflicting character to the relations between the competing powers. The “Entente Cordiale” (“Cordial Accord”), designed to contribute to the preservation of peace in Europe, acted as a deterrent that did not allow Great Britain and France to move to an open phase of confrontation in the Maghreb. The sharp phase of the rivalry between the two powers in Morocco occurred in 1837–1844 and was associated with the name of the hero of the liberation struggle of Algeria from the French invaders, Emir Abd al-Qadir. The Franco-Moroccan War of 1844 ended with the defeat of Morocco, facing the threat of French occupation. Due to the pressure from British diplomacy, the Franco-Moroccan treaty was concluded, and the sultanate existed as an independent country for about sixty years, although in fact the European powers did not stop systematically undermining the country's sovereignty.


2021 ◽  
pp. 188-203
Author(s):  
Elena A. Tacho-Godi ◽  
◽  
◽  

The paper considers the methodological principles of Yu.I. Aykhenvald’s literary criticism. Attention is drawn to the relationship between Aykhenvald’s declared “immanent method” and “principled impressionism” and his own “philosophy of life”. It is proved that Aykhenvald’s version of “impressionism” is much closer to the theory of symbolism than it seemed to contemporaries and researchers. The analysis takes into account both the aesthetic “sympathies” (Apollon Grigoryev, Vladimir Solovyov, Oscar Wilde, Remy de Gourmont, Émile Faguet) and “antipathies” (Vissarion Belinsky, Vasily Rozanov), that influenced Aykhenvald’s interpretation of the heritage of literary critics, philosophers, and writers of the 19th century — Pushkin, Tolstoy, Chekhov.


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