scholarly journals Economic Analysis of Rice Production in Central Agricultural Zone of Adamawa State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Usman, J
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Cost Frontier ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Ranking Technique ◽  
Farm Inputs

This paper analysed the economics of rice production in central agricultural zone of Adamawastate, Nigeria. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to collect primary data from 130rice farmers through field survey using well designed pre-tested schedule. Descriptive statistics, costconcept, stochastic frontier cost model, as well as Garrett’s ranking technique were used to analysed the data.The results revealed that rice production was dominated by young literate men who had been in riceproduction for more than 20 years. Rice production was found to be profitable with net income over cost A1which is the direct cost involved in rice production as N146,049.11; while over cost C3 which is the total costof cultivation of rice was N100,083.62. The stochastic cost frontier model shows three parameters seed,family labour and agro-chemicals had positive and significant effect on the revenue of the rice farmers.Inadequate rainfalls, shortage of labour, clashes with pastoralist were the major constrains associated withrice production in the study area. The study suggest that government policies should be geared towardsdeveloping and establishing new fertilizer and agro-chemicals industries to ease the cost of farm inputs, aswell as intensify farmer grazer conflict resolution programmes.

scholarly journals Analysis of The Cost and Economic Returns in Rice Production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Ogechi Cordelia Nwahia
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Frequency Standard ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Us Dollar ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

Low profit from most staple food production in Nigeria, have continued to discourage the teaming unemployed Nigerian youth from taking up farming as a business. Therefore, this study analyzes the cost and economic returns in Ebonyi State rice production. This study made used of simple random sampling techniques to select 242 rice farmers. The study employed the use of structured questionnaire in its primary data collection. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (Percentages, Frequency, Standard deviation and Mean), Net Rice Farming Income (NRFI) and Returns/US Dollar Invested (RUSDI). The result from the analysis reveals that rice production is profitable in Ebonyi state. The Net Rice Farming Income (NRFI) obtained by the farmers in Ebonyi state were $900.10 US Dollar per hectare while the return on investment obtained by them were $2.90 US Dollar per hectare. Therefore, unemployed youth in Nigeria should be encourage through provision of rice farming grant or loan by the government. In addition, adequate training on improve technology should be conducted by the government agency for the rice farmers.

scholarly journals Economic analysis of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation in Gorkha district of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-497
Author(s):  
Uttam Poudel ◽  
Rishi Ram Kattel ◽  
Bikash Gurung ◽  
Sushil Shrestha ◽  
Amrita Paudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Function ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Cost

A study was conducted to analyze the production economics and factors contributing to the gross return of rice production in the Gorkha district of Nepal in 2020, where a rice block was established under the Prime Minister Agriculture Modernization Project (PM-AMP). Altogether, 76 rice-growing farmers were selected as a sample by using a simple random sampling technique. Primary data were collected by using a pre-tested interview schedule, while secondary data were collected by reviewing related literature. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, independent sample t-tests, and Cobb-Douglas production function. The results showed that the average landholding was 0.74 ha and the average area under rice cultivation was 0.52 ha, with a productivity of 3 mt ha-1. The findings revealed that the cost of rice production for small farmers was significantly higher (NRs. 171466 ha-1) than that for large farmers (NRs. 132088 ha-1). The study reveals that investment in rice cultivation was economically viable in the study area because the overall B: C ratio was greater than one (1.17). The production function analysis reveals that a 10% increase in expenditure on seeds, total labor, and nutrients, keeping all other variables constant, could increase the gross return of rice by 2.97%, 2.19%, and 0.62%, respectively. The sum of coefficients was 0.56, reflecting a decreasing return to scale. Thus, a 100% increase in expenditure on variables presented in the model caused a 56% increase in the gross return of rice production. The findings suggest that human and bullock labor needs to be replaced by the use of farm machinery. Hence, the cost of cultivation would be reduced with the improvement in production and the gross returns of rice cultivation.

scholarly journals PROFITABILITAS DAN EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI BAWANG MERAH DI KABUPATEN BANTUL DAN KABUPATEN NGANJUK

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fauzan
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Production Function ◽  
Return On Capital ◽  
Frontier Production Function ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

<p><em>The board objective of study is to evaluate the profitability and technical efficiency of shallot farming in Bantul and Nganjuk regency. The specific objectives are to (1) Evaluate the profitability of shallot farmers in the study area and (2) Determine the levefl of technical efficiency of shallot farmers. The primary data used for the study obtained using structured questionnaire administered to 60 selected farmers. Gross margin, net farm income, gross ratio, operation ratio, return on capital invested, and stochastic frontier production function were used to analyze the data. The study showed that (1) shallot farming in Bantul and Nganjuk regency was profitable with net income Rp 20.903.711,00/ha and Rp 35.294.540,00/ha, (2) the distribution of the technical efficiency indices revealed that the most of the farmers were technically efficient with mean TE Index of 0.802 (Bantul) and 0,929 (Nganjuk), (3) the result of the inefficiency model showed that years of education (Bantul) and age (Nganjuk) significantly increased the farmers technical efficiency.     </em></p><p> </p><p><em>Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi profitabilitas dan efisiensi teknis usahatani bawang merah di Kabupaten Bantul dan Kabupaten Nganjuk. Secara spesifik, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui profitabilitas usahatani bawang merah di lokasi penelitian dan (2) mengetahui tingkat efisiensi teknis petani bawang merah. Penelitian ini mengggunakan data primer hasil survey pada 60 petani responden dengan menggunakan kuisioner yang telah dirancang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Gross margin, net farm income, gross ratio, operation ratio, return on capital invested, dan fungsi produksi frontier stokastik digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) usahatani bawang merah di Kaupaten Bantul dan Kabupaten Nganjuk menguntungkan untuk dijalankan dengan net income Rp 20.903.711,00/ha and Rp 35.294.540,00/ha, (2) distribusi tingkat efisiensi teknis menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas petani telah mencapai tingkat yang efisien dengan rata-rata TE Index 0,802 (Bantul) dan 0,929 (Nganjuk), (3) hasil analisis model in-efisiensi menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan (Bantul) and umur (Nganjuk) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan efisiensi teknis petani.</em></p>

scholarly journals An Analysis of Technical Efficiency for Household's Rice Production in Cambodia: A Case Study of Three Districts in Battambang Province

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sokvibol Kea ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Linvolak Pich
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Frontier Production Function

The aims of this study are to measure the technical efficiency (TE) of Cambodian household&rsquo;s rice production and trying to determine its main influencing factors using the stochastic frontier production function. The study utilized primary data collected from 301 rice farmers in three selected districts of Battambang by structured questionnaires. The empirical results indicated the level of household rice output varied according to differences in the efficiency of the production processes. The mean TE is 0.34 which means that famers produce 34% of rice at best practice at the current level of production inputs and technology, indicates that rice output has the potential of being increased further by 66% at the same level of inputs if farmers had been technically efficient. Furthermore, between 2013-2015, TE of household&rsquo;s rice production recorded -14.3% decline rate due to highly affected of drought during dry season of 2015. Moreover, evidence reveals that land, fertilizer, and pesticide are the major influencing input factors of household&rsquo;s rice production, while disaster, education of household head, family size and other crops&rsquo; cultivated area are core influencing factors decreasing TE. Conversely, the main influencing factors increasing TE are irrigated area, number of plot area and sex of household head.

scholarly journals Costs and Returns Structure in Bottle Gourd on the Contract Vis-a-Vis Non-Contract Farms in the Jaipur District of Rajasthan

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Singh Rajput
Keyword(s):  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Income Family ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Gross Income ◽  
Business Income ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Farm Business

The present investigation was undertaken with a view to studying the costs and returns structure by the contract and non-contract farmers under contract farming of bottle gourd. Primary data were collected for the agricultural year 2015-16. The cost concepts were used. The results of the study revealed that all types of incomes viz., gross income, family labour income, farm business income and net income were higher on the contract farms than on the non-contract farms. The net income per hectare from bottle gourd was 31.69 per cent higher on the contract farms as compared to the non-contract farms. The total costs were higher on contract farms than on non-contract farms. The net profit was higher on contract farms than on non-contract farms. Returns per rupee were higher on contract farms (` 1.82) than non-contract farms (`1.69).

scholarly journals Economic analysis of rice production by small-holder women farmers in Adamawa State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Adewuyi Adekunle Kolawole ◽  
Amurtiya Michael
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Female Farmers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Holder

Abstract This study is focused on analysing the economics of rice production by the small-holder female rice-farmers in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study described female rice-farmers’ socio-economic characteristics, analysed their technical and allocative efficiencies, and also assessed their economic efficiency in the area. Primary data were collected from 180 randomly selected female rice-farmers in Adamawa State using a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and stochastic frontier function were used analysing the data collected. Findings of the study revealed that the technical in-efficiency of the farmers is influenced by farming experience, education, and access to credit facilities. Also, the allocative in-efficiency of female farmers was influenced by education, household size, and access to credits. The result showed that education and access to credit facilities were common factors affecting the technical and allocative efficiency of female rice farmers in the area. The mean economic efficiency of the female farmers was 0.6. Therefore, the study recommends that the government and other actors in the agricultural sector should facilitate women’s access to credit facilities and other agricultural information relevant to rice production.

scholarly journals Evaluation of cost efficiency in tomato greenhouses: the case of seven agrobussines in México, 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Marisol Arvizu ARMENTA
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Random Component ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Cost Frontier ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Cost Inefficiency ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

Aim: The main objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of economic costs in seven units of greenhouse tomato production, during the production cycles of 2016, through the application of the stochastic frontier, depending on the type of packaging they handle and the cost structure that governs them. Design / Research methods: The stochastic frontier model includes the analysis of the non-systematic random component, which assumes an extremely critical role in the analysis during the interpretations. With the calculation of the stochastic cost frontier we construct the cost inefficiency index represented by C_it, delimited below 0. The index shows the percentage in which the cost is exceeded and, therefore, the degree of inefficiency. Conclusions / findings: The elaboration of the stochastic frontier finds its justification in the argument that the less efficient competitor is the one that receives the greater effects of the competition. In this sense, the location of the companies analyzed with respect to their own line of efficiency is essential for the design of the strategies of each company. The production units analyzed showed that, on some occasions, externalities are the cause of inefficiency, but contrary to what is established in theory, there are some units that show that the inefficiency with which they count is diminished by The influence of uncontrolled variables. Originality / value of the article: The contribution of this research lies in the use of efficiency models in the primary sector, specifically in tomato´s greenhouses.

An Analysis of Farm Profitability of KVK Adopted and Non-Adopted Farmers in Chhattisgarh

2021 ◽  
pp. 164-169
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Farm Profitability ◽  
Gross Income ◽  
The Cost

In this study, an attempt was made to measure the farm profitability of KVK adopted and non-adopted farmers in the Janjgir district of Chhattisgarh. From Janjgir Krishi Vigyan Kendra, a list of 45 adopted farmers was obtained, and equal numbers of non-adopted farmers were selected using a proportionate random sampling method. The study was based on primary data collected from various sample respondents. Primary data were collected using pretested interview schedule and personal interview of selected respondents by survey method. The study revealed that the majority of adopted farmers belonged to the young aged category while more than half of the respondents were illiterate. The majority of farmers belonged to the OBC category. The cost and return in rice production showed that rice production was profitable. Adopted farmer made gross income 101641 ha and non-adopted farmer 99496.6 ha -1 -1 while the cost of production per hectare was 822.04 and 893.72 of adopted and non-adopted farmers, respectively.

scholarly journals Cost efficiency estimates of maize production in Nepal: a case study of the Chitwan district

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Paudel ◽  
A. Matsuoka
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Cost

This study was carried out to analyze the cost efficiency of maize production in the Chitwan district, Nepal with a view to predict economic efficiencies using stochastic frontier cost function. The primary data were collected from 180 maize farmers representing 12 village development committees (VDCs) including one municipality of the district during May–June 2005 for the cropping year 2004–2005. Among various factors, use of manure accounted the highest share in the production cost followed by labour and tractor costs. The maximum-likelihood (ML) estimates of the parameters revealed that estimated coefficients of cost of tractor, animal power, labour, fertilizer, manure, seed and maize output gave positive coefficients and were significant at 5% level. Further, quantitative estimates obtained from the cost function shows the mean cost efficiency of 1.634 indicating that an average maize farms from the study incurred about 63% costs above the frontier cost-an indication of inefficiency. Also, the significant years of schooling of the household head and maize area in the inefficiency model indicated the positive effect of these factors on cost efficiency of the farms. From the analysis of scale effect among maize farms, it was revealed that the maize farms experienced an increasing return to scale, that is, the output increased more proportionately than the total production cost.

scholarly journals Stochastic Frontier and Technical Efficiency of Farms in Irrigated Areas of Pakistan's Punjab

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abid A. Burki ◽  
Haq Nawaz Shah
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
Cost Frontier ◽  
Cost Behaviour ◽  
Farm Operators ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Evidence

This paper presents new evidence on technical efficiency and its sources by examining the cost behaviour of 387 farms and whole-farm data from five irrigated districts of Punjab. Fitting translog variable cost frontier we find that technical inefficiency raises the cost of average sample farms by 24 percent that could have been saved had the farms been technically efficient. Our results enable us to conclude that farm efficiency is positively related to formal schooling of farm operators, abundance of canal water, and head reaches of mogha, and negatively to farm size, while the age of farm operators has no effect on efficiency.

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