scholarly journals Agencies for Entrepreneurship Development and SMEs’ Promotion in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Marketing Systems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Many Researchers have written on the SMEs and Entrepreneurship in the past but failed to distinguish clearly the difference between the two concepts, thereby leaving a gap in literature. This study attempts to bridge his gap. The study identified the difference between entrepreneurship and Small/Medium Enterprises (SMEs), clarified the erroneous practice of using both words interchangeably by Researchers/Practitioners, categorized the supporting agencies and climaxes their contributions and limitations with suggestions for future considerations. In examining their contributions, a sample population of 1200 stakeholders was purposely selected in the state of Osun, Nigeria. Overall findings revealed that Agencies’ impacts have been minimal due to the high rate of corruption, bureaucracy and inability to separate entrepreneurial SMEs from non-entrepreneurial SMEs, These Agencies fall within the intermediate environment of businesses, categorized as participatory, facilitating & regulatory and are public sectors dominated with low entrepreneurship orientation. The study averred that Agencies/government officials should be more entrepreneurial by promoting auxiliary marketing systems for SMEs. It is suggested that having business-minded and entrepreneurial politicians/ leaders would promote SMEs and entrepreneurship in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Assessing Effects of Business Innovations on Financial Performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Kenya: A Case of SMEs in Garissa County

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Muhumed Buthul Shurie ◽  
Clement O. Olando
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Financial Process

Despite the significant positive impact of small and medium-sized enterprises on the economic growth and employment generation, small business enterprises in Kenya are continuously collapsing. The high rate of collapse in threatening their contribution to Kenya’s gross domestic product. Although empirical studies from developed economies have revealed business innovations as the appropriate approach to addressing financial performance of small business, there is scanty documentation on business innovations as being a key determinant of the financial performance of small medium enterprise in Kenya. hence this study which assessed the manner in which the business innovations affects financial performance of Kenyan small medium enterprises. Adopting descriptive research design, the research used the 258 small medium enterprises in Garissa County as its target population from where a sample population of 155 respondents was selected using stratified proportionate random sampling. Data was collected from primary sources using a questionnaire and analysed using quantitative analysis approach to yield descriptive statistics as well as inferential statistics with help of SPSS software Version 21.0. The study concludes that at 0.05 (5%) significance level, each of; financial institutional innovation, financial product innovations has positive and moderate statistically significant effect on financial performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Kenya while each of; marketing innovation and financial process innovations has a statistically strong positively significant effect on the financial performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Kenya. The research recommends that the financial performance in Kenya should; actively embark on adopting financial institutional innovations for improving their financial performance, embrace financial product innovations, develop and acquire marketing resources and appreciated and support modern financial process innovations.

The application of E-commerce among small medium enterprises : a case study in Kelantan

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Norudin Mansor ◽  
Che Ismail Long ◽  
Ahmad Ismail Mohd. Annuar
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
The State ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The research project was conducted to investigate the understanding of E-commerce Application among the SMEs in the state of Kelantan. Focusing on the population of registered members of Dewan Perniagaan Melayu Malaysia, Kelantan, a total of302 respondents were selected to participate in our study. Moving in line with the general assumption of world business community it is agreed that e-commerce application is highly relevant for the survival and meeting the challenges of borderless economy. At the same time, the process of acquiring knowledge and understanding the environment, coping with changes, and speeding up the business decision, able to further enhance the competitive advantage of the SMEs. Using the established model, our investigation focused on 5 identifiable variables to demonstrate its usefulness towards motivating SMEs to adopt e-commerce. Our analysis indicated that all the selected variables were significant towards enhancing the application of e-commerce and thus maintaining competitive advantage in the industry.

scholarly journals The use of traditional versus e-marketing in SMEs in a developing country: A comparative analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-212
Author(s):  
Leanne Manley
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Target Market ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Marketing Tool ◽  
Marketing Costs ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Way

The revolution of the internet has changed the way many organisations conduct business in today’s market environment, and has specifically changed in the way companies market products to consumers. E-marketing allows a marketer to not only reach a broader target market than traditional methods, but substantially reduces marketing costs as well, which can mean the difference between success or failure in small medium enterprises (SMEs). Multiple studies have investigated traditional and e-marketing practices, however, few studies have focused on SME marketing practices and their use of e-marketing in developing economies. This article provides an insight into current marketing tools employed by SMEs in South Africa and provides a comparative analysis between traditional and e-marketing tool usage. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to SME owners, whereby data was analysed by means of frequency occurrence. The main results stemming from the research indicate that SME owners have no preference in using either traditional or e-marketing tools, with majority preferring to use both. However, the majority of marketing tools being used and receiving the most effective rating according to SME owners is directed towards e-marketing tools. From the results obtained recommendations are made to policy-makers, SME managers, development agencies and business owners so as to establish an appropriate strategy to improve SME marketability within South Africa. The findings can be universally applied as studies have shown that there is a lot of similarity in the challenges faced by SMEs irrespective of where they come from.

Entrepreneurial Business Ethics and Good Governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-147
Author(s):  
Jayrusha Ramasamy Gurayah ◽  
Jayrusha Ramasamy Gurayah
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Small medium enterprises (SMEs) have proven and are known to be one of the biggest contributors to the economy of developing countries. Evidence shows that SMEs provide a number of job opportunities, which results in unemployment reduction, poverty eradication, and a bigger boost towards other economic activities. However, most SME entrepreneurs face an array of problems such as access to funding, building up international connections, getting appropriate knowledge and access to adequate technology. These issues are then further intensified by the lack of proper governance and the avoidance of business ethics by most SME entrepreneurs. Over the past years, the number of SMEs has grown drastically in developing countries (Nigeria, Algeria, Brazil, and Vietnam), which has also resulted in an increase in competition within the sector. This has given rise to the need to install the strategies of corporate governance with the aim of strengthening the competitiveness of SMEs.

Abandonment Issues

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-138
Author(s):  
Ben Nobbs-Thiessen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
The State ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Migrant Laborers ◽  
The 1950S

The chapter examines the intertwined movement of indigenous letters and bodies in the March to the East. In an array of letters Andeans demanded they take part in colonization in the 1950s and then denounced its shortcomings in the following decade. The chapter follows their petitions as they traveled from highland hamlets and humid settlement zones to the halls of government. Letters produced in the Andes in the 1950s and 1960s painted a provocative portrait of desperate situations in home communities with the promise and allure of the tropical environment of the lowlands. Writers attempted to shame the state by emphasizing their struggles as migrant laborers or braceros in neighboring Argentina and demanded land as part of the state’s commitments to its own revolutionary legacy. Along the lowland frontier, the reality of colonization failed to match the harmonious human experiment depicted in state propaganda. Government officials blamed a high rate of settler abandonment in new colonization zones on the “backwards” cultural practices of Indigenous migrants. Settlers flung this accusation back on the state, claiming that the MNR had abandoned them. Each group would cast failure as the justification for new rounds of intervention or radicalism in the following decades.

Reporting under International Conventions: A Genre Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-312
Author(s):  
Liudmila Mikalayeva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Sentence Length ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Genre Analysis ◽  
Good Compliance ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
The Difference ◽  
International Conventions

Summary This article applies genre analysis to the state reports of fourteen countries in two first cycles of monitoring of the Council of Europe’s Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. Focusing on the packaging of information and modality (level of the word), sentence length and quoted speech (level of the sentence), and thematic filling (level of the text), the article checks for the effect of experience in reporting. While novice reporters in general display more ‘conservative’ stylistic choices than experienced reporters, convergence takes place with time, as reports become more formal in the second cycle. At the level of structure of the text, the high rate of non-compliance of experienced reporters with the structural–thematic prescriptions is contrasted with the very good compliance of novice reporters. This finding, which is puzzling if genre competence is confused with perfect formal compliance with genre norm, may be explained by the difference in the meaning of monitoring for different states.

scholarly journals DO MICRO SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMES) NEED MODERN MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING TECHNIQUES? AN INDONESIAN PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Acintya
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Perceived Importance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Introduction: Management accounting practices (MAPs) have long been recognized as a subject of interest with regards to business performance, including for Micro Small Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Despite the significant role of this sector in emerging countries, there is a dearth of research into the practical implementation of MAPs. Background Problems: The purpose of this paper is to gain a general understanding of whether modern and traditional MAPs, in the MSMEs’ context, are on an equal footing in terms of usage and perceived importance. We adopt the management accounting (MA) evolution model to structure this research. Novelty: This study contributes by tracing the adoption of MAPs as an indicator of the MSMEs’ need for MA information. Within an academic and regulatory framework, this study is believed to provide an important contribution for academicians, practitioners and the government. Research Methods: We conducted an attended survey of 34 MSMEs around Yogyakarta and used the simple yet meaningful statistical technique of descriptive analytics. Findings/Results: The findings indicate that traditional MAPs (the ones in IFAC stages 1 and 2) were found to be marginally better implemented than the modern MAPs (IFAC stages 3 and 4). We compute the difference of two proxies: extent of implementation (EI) and perceived importance (PI) as an indicator of the gap in their operationalization. We found that as the IFAC stage moves along to the modern MAPs spectrum, the average difference between EI-PI also moves up accordingly. Conclusion: Hence, despite the better implementation of traditional MAPs among the MSMEs, it does not eliminate the opportunity for the increasing usage of modern MAPs in the future. 

scholarly journals EMPLOYING FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS FOR ENTITIES WITHOUT PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY FOR AUDITING

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akie Rusaktiva ◽  
Adri Putra Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Public Accountability ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

<p>Financial Accounting Standards for Entities Without Public Accountability (FAS-EWPA) is a financial accounting standards issued by The<em> </em><em>Indonesian Institute of Accountants</em> or <em>Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia</em> (IAI) and endorsed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board of Indonesian Accountants or <em>Dewan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia </em>(DSAK IAI) and intended for small and medium enterprises. The underlying priciple of IAI in issuing this particular standards is the attempt to facilitate small and medium enterprises in arranging their financial reports. If this standard is not issued, they have to follow the new FAS (which is stage of adopting IFRS – full convergence 2012) to arrange their financial reports. The application of this FAS-EWPA based IFRS is relatively more complex and expensive for small and medium enterprises. FAS-EWPA adopted some parts of IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) for small-medium enterprises (IFRS for Small-Medium-sized Entities/SMEs). This study aims to describe the layout of the difference measurement, assessment, report and the implementation of auditing standards between FAS-IFRS and FAS-EWPA. This study employed descriptive qualitative technique of data analysis by reviewing literature and analysing the field concerning with the implementation of Financial Accounting Standards Statements (FASS) and FAS-EWPA. Specifically, the secondary data of this study are FAS-IFRS and FAS-EWPA. The findings shows that there is a difference presentation and disclosure of financial statements between entities which report using FAS-IFRS and FAS-EWPA. Therefore the perceived program and audit procedures will be different because it will be tailored to the presentation and objectives the audit, suppose that in the implementation of FASS and EWPA, there is a difference in the assertions about the disclosure/presentation. For other assertions about existence, completeness, rights and obligations as well as assessment and allocation, basically, between FASS and EWPA, they have a common concept. While in presentation assertions as has been described earlier, the FAS-EWPA has a simpler form than with FASS, therefore there is a definitely difference in terms of the presentation between the two.</p> <p><em> </em></p> <p><em> </em></p>

scholarly journals Indonesia’s policy on e-commerce regulation and its challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peronika Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Globalization has a significant influence on many aspects, such as social and economic, and its effect cannot be separated from technological developments that change human behavior in conducting economic activities. Those change including the emergence of trade that uses online-based transactions or ecommerce. E-commerce considered to have a significant influence on the country’s economic growth and predicted to flourish over the years. Aware of its enormous potential and growth in Southeast Asia, countries in this region began to regulate e-commerce, and one of them is Indonesia. The authors find that in the past few years, Indonesia has been more active in making and changing its policies to regulate online-based trading, while at the same time trying to protect its domestic small-medium enterprises (SMEs). Nowadays, Indonesia's ecommerce market is relatively minor compared to its neighbors. However, believed that the growth of the middle class, the improvement of internet users, and the intensive improvements in Indonesia’s logistics and infrastructure that conducted in recent years, will have a significant effect on the Indonesian ecommerce market. In this paper, the authors will explain the policy of Indonesia in regulating e-commerce and its challenges. The discussion in this paper will be divided into three sections. The first part is the conceptual foundation. The second part is about the development of e-commerce in Indonesia. The third part is the Indonesian government's policy in managing e-commerce and its challenges

Rehabilitation Counseling: In Critical Condition

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Maunsell W. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Group Counseling ◽  
Critical Condition ◽  
Rehabilitation Counseling ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal System ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Federal Program ◽  
The Past ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
The Difference

Although there has been an array of advances in rehabilitation within the past few years, rehabilitation counseling is presently in critical condition. Little objective evidence is available to indicate that intensive one-to-one or group counseling is well accepted in the rehabilitation process. This article maintains that counseling is not emphasized within the State-Federal system, and advocates putting the counselor back in rehabilitation since he is the vehicle by which rehabilitation advances are converted into rehabilitants. It is people who make the difference in other people, and the counselor is the person with whom the client associates. The continued dissipation of time spent counseling may one day see the State-Federal program as little more than a funding service for disabled individuals.

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